| 51. |
- Cheng, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation of Surface Modified Ceria Nanoparticles as Abrasives for the Application of Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP)
- 2020
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Ingår i: ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology. - : ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC. - 2162-8769 .- 2162-8777. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, a method to improve the chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) performance of ceria as abrasive particles was proposed. Surface doping of ceria nanoparticles was realized by incipient impregnation method, in order to improve its valance change properties (Ce3+/Ce4+). This study presents detailed characterization of the lanthanide-doped CeO2 by both experimental methods and density functional theory (DFT) calculation. The dispersion stability of the doped ceria nanoparticles in CMP slurries are investigated. Results show that the doped CeO2 nanoparticles exhibit more oxygen vacancies and higher content of Ce3+ compared with the pristine CeO2. Good dispersion stability of the doped CeO2 nanoparticles could be achieved by adding dispersants in the CMP slurries.
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| 52. |
- Cheng, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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RE (La, Nd and Yb) doped CeO2 abrasive particles for chemical mechanical polishing of dielectric materials : Experimental and computational analysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Surface Science. - : ELSEVIER. - 0169-4332 .- 1873-5584. ; 506
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ce3+ in CeO2, rather than Ce4+, is believed to provide assistance to the breaking up of Si-O bond during chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) of silica. In the paper, lanthanide metals (La, Nd and Yb) doped CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by modified incipient impregnation method in order to improve the content of Ce3+ in CeO2 as polishing. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiments and density function theory (DFT) calculation demonstrate this approach could achieve surface doping of CeO2 nanoparticles, and facilitates the formation of oxygen vacancy and Ce3+ content. CMP experiments show that the polishing rate and the surface quality of silica wafer are obviously improved by using the doped CeO2 as abrasive particles. Especially for Nd/CeO2, content of Ce3+ increases from 0.146 to 0.235, the polishing rate of silica is accelerated by 29.6% in alkaline slurries, and a better surface quality (Sa = 9.6 angstrom) is obtained.
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| 53. |
- Cornell, Robert F, et al.
(författare)
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Maintenance versus Induction Therapy Choice on Outcomes after Autologous Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biology of blood and marrow transplantation. - : Elsevier BV. - 1083-8791 .- 1523-6536. ; 23:2, s. 269-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bortezomib (V), lenalidomide (R), cyclophosphamide (C), and dexamethasone (D) are components of the most commonly used modern doublet (RD, VD) or triplet (VRD, CVD) initial induction regimens before autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (AHCT) for multiple myeloma (MM) in the United States. In this study we evaluated 693 patients receiving "upfront" AHCT after initial induction therapy with modern doublet or triplet regimens using data reported to the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research from 2008 to 2013. Analysis was limited to those receiving a single AHCT after 1 line of induction therapy within 12 months from treatment initiation for MM. In multivariate analysis, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were similar irrespective of induction regimen. However, high-risk cytogenetics and nonreceipt of post-transplant maintenance/consolidation therapy were associated with higher risk of relapse. Patients receiving post-transplant therapy had significantly improved 3-year PFS versus no post-transplant therapy (55% versus 39%, P = .0001). This benefit was most evident in patients not achieving at least a complete response post-AHCT (P = .005). In patients receiving upfront AHCT, the choice of induction regimen (doublet or triplet therapies) appears to be of lower impact than use of post-transplant therapy.
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| 54. |
- Cruz, Jose Almeida, et al.
(författare)
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RNA-Puzzles : A CASP-like evaluation of RNA three-dimensional structure prediction
- 2012
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Ingår i: RNA. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1355-8382 .- 1469-9001. ; 18:4, s. 610-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the results of a first, collective, blind experiment in RNA three-dimensional (3D) structure prediction, encompassing three prediction puzzles. The goals are to assess the leading edge of RNA structure prediction techniques; compare existing methods and tools; and evaluate their relative strengths, weaknesses, and limitations in terms of sequence length and structural complexity. The results should give potential users insight into the suitability of available methods for different applications and facilitate efforts in the RNA structure prediction community in ongoing efforts to improve prediction tools. We also report the creation of an automated evaluation pipeline to facilitate the analysis of future RNA structure prediction exercises.
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| 55. |
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| 56. |
- Dong, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Observation of a Ubiquitous (π, π)-Type Nematic Superconducting Order in the Whole Superconducting Dome of Ultra-Thin BaFe2–xNixAs2 Single Crystals
- 2021
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Ingår i: Chinese Physics Letters. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0256-307X .- 1741-3540. ; 38:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In iron-based superconductors, the (0, pi) or (pi, 0) nematicity, which describes an electronic anisotropy with a four-fold symmetry breaking, is well established and believed to be important for understanding the superconducting mechanism. However, how exactly such a nematic order observed in the normal state can be related to the superconducting pairing is still elusive. Here, by performing angular-dependent in-plane magnetoresistivity using ultra-thin flakes in the steep superconducting transition region, we unveil a nematic superconducting order along the (pi, pi) direction in electron-doped BaFe2 - x Ni x As2 from under-doped to heavily overdoped regimes with x = 0.065-0.18. It shows superconducting gap maxima along the (pi, pi) direction rotated by 45 degrees from the nematicity along (0, pi) or (pi, 0) direction observed in the normal state. A similar (pi, pi)-type nematicity is also observed in the under-doped and optimally doped hole-type Ba1 - y K y Fe2As2, with y = 0.2-0.5. These results suggest that the (pi, pi) nematic superconducting order is a universal feature that needs to be taken into account in the superconducting pairing mechanism in iron-based superconductors.
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| 57. |
- D'Souza, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Improved Outcomes After Autologous Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Light Chain Amyloidosis : A Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research Study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Oncology. - 0732-183X .- 1527-7755. ; 33:32, s. 3741-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation, or autotransplantation, is effective in light-chain amyloidosis (AL), but it is associated with a high risk of early mortality (EM). In a multicenter randomized comparison against oral chemotherapy, autotransplantation was associated with 24% EM. We analyzed trends in outcomes after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation for AL in North America. Patients and Methods Between 1995 and 2012, 1,536 patients with AL who underwent autotransplantation at 134 centers were identified in the Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research database. EM and overall survival (OS) were analyzed in three time cohorts: 1995 to 2000 (n = 140), 2001 to 2006 (n = 596), and 2007 to 2012 (n = 800). Hematologic and renal responses and factors associated with EM, relapse and/or progression, progression-free survival and OS were analyzed in more recent subgroups from 2001 to 2006 (n = 197) and from 2007 to 2012 (n = 157). Results Mortality at 30 and 100 days progressively declined over successive time periods from 11% and 20%, respectively, in 1995 to 2000 to 5% and 11%, respectively, in 2001 to 2006, and to 3% and 5%, respectively, in 2007 to 2012. Correspondingly, 5-year OS improved from 55% in 1995 to 2000 to 61% in 2001 to 2006 and to 77% in 2007 to 2012. Hematologic response to transplantation improved in the latest cohort. Renal response rate was 32%. Centers performing more than four AL transplantations per year had superior survival outcomes. In the multivariable analysis, cardiac AL was associated with high EM and inferior progression-free survival and OS. Autotransplantation in 2007 to 2012 and use of higher dosages of melphalan were associated with a lowered relapse risk. A Karnofsky score less than 80 and creatinine levels 2 mg/m(2) or greater were associated with worsened OS. Conclusion Post-transplantation survival in AL has improved, with a dramatic reduction in early post-transplantation mortality and excellent 5-year survival. The risk-benefit ratio for autotransplantation has changed, and randomized comparison with nontransplantation approaches is again warranted.
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| 58. |
- Freitag, Daniel F., et al.
(författare)
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Cardiometabolic effects of genetic upregulation of the interleukin 1 receptor antagonist: a Mendelian randomisation analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology. - 2213-8595. ; 3:4, s. 243-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background To investigate potential cardiovascular and other effects of long-term pharmacological interleukin 1 (IL-1) inhibition, we studied genetic variants that produce inhibition of IL-1, a master regulator of inflammation. Methods We created a genetic score combining the effects of alleles of two common variants (rs6743376 and rs1542176) that are located upstream of IL1RN, the gene encoding the IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra; an endogenous inhibitor of both IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta); both alleles increase soluble IL-1Ra protein concentration. We compared effects on inflammation biomarkers of this genetic score with those of anakinra, the recombinant form of IL-1Ra, which has previously been studied in randomised trials of rheumatoid arthritis and other inflammatory disorders. In primary analyses, we investigated the score in relation to rheumatoid arthritis and four cardiometabolic diseases (type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, ischaemic stroke, and abdominal aortic aneurysm; 453 411 total participants). In exploratory analyses, we studied the relation of the score to many disease traits and to 24 other disorders of proposed relevance to IL-1 signalling (746 171 total participants). Findings For each IL1RN minor allele inherited, serum concentrations of IL-1Ra increased by 0.22 SD (95% CI 0.18-0.25; 12.5%; p=9.3 x 10(-33)), concentrations of interleukin 6 decreased by 0.02 SD (-0.04 to -0.01; -1,7%; p=3.5 x 10(-3)), and concentrations of C-reactive protein decreased by 0.03 SD (-0.04 to -0.02; -3.4%; p=7.7 x 10(-14)). We noted the effects of the genetic score on these inflammation biomarkers to be directionally concordant with those of anakinra. The allele count of the genetic score had roughly log-linear, dose-dependent associations with both IL-1Ra concentration and risk of coronary heart disease. For people who carried four IL-1Ra-raising alleles, the odds ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.15 (1.08-1.22; p=1.8 x 10(-6)) compared with people who carried no IL-1Ra-raising alleles; the per-allele odds ratio for coronary heart disease was 1.03 (1.02-1.04; p=3.9 x 10(-10)). Perallele odds ratios were 0.97 (0.95-0.99; p=9.9 x 10(-4)) for rheumatoid arthritis, 0.99 (0.97-1.01; p=0.47) for type 2 diabetes, 1.00 (0.98-1.02; p=0.92) for ischaemic stroke, and 1.08 (1.04-1.12; p=1.8 x 10(-5)) for abdominal aortic aneurysm. In exploratory analyses, we observed per-allele increases in concentrations of proatherogenic lipids, including LDL-cholesterol, but no clear evidence of association for blood pressure, glycaemic traits, or any of the 24 other disorders studied. Modelling suggested that the observed increase in LDL-cholesterol could account for about a third of the association observed between the genetic score and increased coronary risk. Interpretation Human genetic data suggest that long-term dual IL-1 alpha/beta inhibition could increase cardiovascular risk and, conversely, reduce the risk of development of rheumatoid arthritis. The cardiovascular risk might, in part, be mediated through an increase in proatherogenic lipid concentrations. Copyright (C) The Interleukin 1 Genetics Consortium. Open Access article distributed under the terms of CC-BY-NC-ND.
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| 59. |
- Hong, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetrically coupled co single-atom and co nanoparticle in double-shelled carbon-based nanoreactor for enhanced reversible oxygen catalysis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 455
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Simultaneous construction of size-asymmetric metal single atoms and nanoparticle active sites in advanced and robust carrier materials is particularly important yet challenging for efficient reversible oxygen catalysis. Herein, a facile “chemical etching/in-Situ capture” synthesis strategy was developed to fabricate a unique double-shelled carbon-based nanobox integrated with size-asymmetric Co single-atom (CoSA) and metallic Co nanoparticle (CoNP) moiety. As expected, this well-managed catalyst product yielded remarkable bifunctional electrocatalytic performances in alkaline electrolytes, with a decent half-wave potential of 0.886 V for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and a small overpotential of 341 mV at 10 mA/cm2 for oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Besides, this nanobox catalyst served as a cost-effective and efficient oxygen electrode in the assembled rechargeable ZABs, exceeding the mixed electrocatalyst of expensive Pt/C-RuO2, in terms of the elevated peak power density of 239 mW/cm2, the promoted specific capacity of 770 mAh/gZn, as well as the appreciable charge–discharge cycle stability. Theoretical calculations revealed that the strong interaction between the delicate CoSA site and CoNP phase, could effectively optimize the adsorption and desorption energy barriers of reaction intermediates on the designed catalyst surface, thus achieving synergistic enhancement of electrocatalytic activity towards ORR and OER. This finding affords a feasible and effective strategy to achieve highly active and durable bifunctional catalysts for both fundamental research and practical rechargeable ZABs applications.
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| 60. |
- Huang, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Negative and positive auto-regulation of BMP expression in early eye development
- 2015
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Ingår i: Developmental Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0012-1606 .- 1095-564X. ; 407:2, s. 256-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Previous results have shown that Bone Morphogenetic Protein (BMP) signaling is essential for lens specification and differentiation. How BMP signals are regulated in the prospective lens ectoderm is not well defined. To address this issue we have modulated BMP activity in a chicken embryo pre-lens ectoderm explant assay, and also studied transgenic mice, in which the type I BMP receptors, Bmpr1a and Acvr1, are deleted from the prospective lens ectoderm. Our results show that chicken embryo pre-lens ectoderm cells express BMPs and require BMP signaling for lens specification in vitro, and that in vivo inhibition of BMP signals in the mouse prospective lens ectoderm interrupts lens placode formation and prevents lens invagination. Furthermore, our results provide evidence that BMP expression is negatively auto-regulated in the lens-forming ectoderm, decreasing when the tissue is exposed to exogenous BMPs and increasing when BMP signaling is prevented. In addition, eyes lacking BMP receptors in the prospective lens placode develop coloboma in the adjacent wild type optic cup. In these eyes, Bmp7 expression increases in the ventral optic cup and the normal dorsal-ventral gradient of BMP signaling in the optic cup is disrupted. Pax2 becomes undetectable and expression of Sfrp2 increases in the ventral optic cup, suggesting that increased BMP signaling alter their expression, resulting in failure to close the optic fissure. In summary, our results suggest that negative and positive auto-regulation of BMP expression is important to regulate early eye development.
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