| 121. |
- Stegmayr, Bernd, et al.
(författare)
-
Low-dose atorvastatin in severe chronic kidney disease patients : a randomized, controlled endpoint study
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 39:6, s. 489-497
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. There have been no endpoint studies with statins for patients with severe renal failure. The purpose of this prospective, open, randomized, controlled study was to investigate whether atorvastatin (10 mg/day) would alter cardiovascular endpoints and the overall mortality rate of patients with chronic kidney disease stage 4 or 5 (creatinine clearance < 30 ml/min).Material and methods. The study subjects comprised 143 patients who were randomized either to placebo (controls; n=73; mean age 69.5 years) or to treatment with atorvastatin (n=70; mean age 67.9 years). The patients included were either non-dialysis (n=33), haemodialysis (n=97) or peritoneal dialysis (n=13) patients. Analysis focused on the primary endpoints of all-cause mortality, non-lethal acute myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass graft surgery and percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Statistical analysis for endpoint data was mainly by intention-to-treat.Results. Primary endpoints occurred in 74% of the subjects. There was no difference in outcome between the control and atorvastatin groups. The 5-year endpoint-free survival rate from study entry was 20%. Atorvastatin was withdrawn in 20% of patients due to unacceptable side-effects. In the atorvastatin group, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol was reduced by 35% at 1 month and then sustained. The controls showed a progressive reduction in LDL cholesterol until 36 months.Conclusions. Although atorvastatin reduced total and LDL cholesterol effectively it was not beneficial regarding the long-term outcomes of cardiovascular endpoints or survival. In contrast to other patient groups, patients with severe chronic kidney disease, especially those on dialysis, seem to derive limited benefit from this lower dose of atorvastatin.
|
|
| 122. |
|
|
| 123. |
- Sterner, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
-
Determination of urinary N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase in patients with hypertension and renal artery stenosis
- 1993
-
Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 1365-2796 .- 0954-6820. ; 234:3, s. 281-285
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of the study was to measure the urinary excretion of N‐acetyl‐beta‐glucosaminidase (U‐NAG) in patients suspected of having renovascular hypertension and to compare the enzyme excretion before and after active intervention with operation or percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA). Eighty‐one patients with severe, therapy‐resistant hypertension were examined with regard to renal artery stenosis (RAS). At least one significant renal artery stenosis was found in 61 patients, whilst the remaining 20 patients were classified as having essential hypertension. Enzyme levels were found to be significantly higher in RAS patients as compared with patients with severe hypertension lacking significant renal artery stenosis, 0.66 (0.41–0.91, median value, 1st and 3rd quartiles) versus 0.35 (0.27–0.54); P < 0.01. Both groups of patients had significantly higher U‐NAG values than a healthy reference population (0.2, 0.13–0.27; P < 0.01). Forty of the RAS patients were randomized to surgery or PTRA and followed prospectively for 2 years. After either renal vascular surgery or PTRA a significant rise in U‐NAG excretion was observed 7–10 days after treatment. Urinary NAG excretion remained elevated during long‐term follow‐up. It is suggested that U‐NAG should be determined in patients with therapy‐resistant hypertension with suspicion of renal artery stenosis.
|
|
| 124. |
|
|
| 125. |
|
|
| 126. |
- Thorin, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Experience and initial measurements of magnetic linearisation in the MAX IV linac bunch compressors
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of FEL2017, Santa Fe, NM, USA. - 9783954501793 ; , s. 273-275
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The MAX IV Linac is now in routine operation for injection into two storage rings, and as a high-brightness driver for a Short Pulse Facility (SPF). In short-pulse mode the electron bunch is created in a photo cathode gun and compressed in two double achromat bunch compressors that also linearise longitudinal phase space with the second order transfer matrix element T566. T566 in the compressors canbe tweaked with weak sextupoles located at high dispersion. In this paper we present the current experience from operating the bunch compressors at MAX IV and results from initial measurements of longitudinal phase space using our version of the the zero-crossing method.
|
|
| 127. |
- Thorin, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Status of MAX IV linac beam commissioning and performance
- 2017
-
Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823 ; , s. 1547-1549
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV linac is used both for injection into a 3 GeV storage ring, and as a high brightness driver for a Short Pulse Facility (SPF). It has also been deigned to handle the high demands of an FEL injector. The linac is now routinely injecting into the two storagerings, and commissioning work is focused towards delivering high brightness pulses to the SPF. In this paper we present results from characterisation of the linac in ring injection mode, as well as results from measurements of key parameters for the SPF such as bunch length and emittance.
|
|
| 128. |
- Wac, Katarzyna, et al.
(författare)
-
Accuracy Evaluation of Application-level Performance Measurements
- 2007
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many cases, application-level measurements can be the only way for an application to evaluate and adapt to the performance offered by the underlying networks. Applications perceive heterogeneous networking environments spanning over multiple administrative domains as black boxes being inaccessible for lower-level measurement instrumentation. However, application-level measurements can be inaccurate and differ significantly from the lower-level ones, amongst others due to the influence of the protocol stacks. In this paper we quantify and discuss such differences using the DPMI, with Measurement Points instrumented with DAG 3.5E cards for reference link-level measurements. We shed light on various impacts on timestamp accuracy of application-level measurements. Moreover, we quantify the accuracy of generating traffic with constant inter-packet-time. The latter is essential for an accurate emulation of application-level streaming traffic and thus for obtaining realistic end-to-end performance measurements.
|
|
| 129. |
- Walther, Sten, et al.
(författare)
-
Antibiotic prescription practices, consumption and bacterial resistance in a cross section of Swedish intensive care units
- 2002
-
Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172. ; 46:9, s. 1075-1081
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this work was to study usage of antibiotics, its possible determinants, and patterns of bacterial resistance in Swedish intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: Prospectively collected data on species and antibiotic resistance of clinical isolates and antibiotic consumption specific to each ICU in 1999 were analyzed together with answers to a questionnaire. Antibiotic usage was measured as defined daily doses per 1000 occupied bed days (DDD1000). Results: Data were obtained for 38 ICUs providing services to a population of approximately 6 million. The median antibiotic consumption was 1257 DDD1000 (range 584–2415) and correlated with the length of stay but not with the illness severity score or the ICU category. Antibiotic consumption was higher in the ICUs lacking bedside devices for hand disinfection (2193 vs. 1214 DDD1000, p=0.05). In the ICUs with a specialist in infectious diseases responsible for antibiotic treatment the consumption pattern was different only for use of glycopeptides (58% lower usage than in other ICUs: 26 vs. 11 DDD1000,P=0.02). Only 21% of the ICUs had a written guideline on the use of antibiotics, 57% received information on antibiotic usage at least every 3 months and 22% received aggregated resistance data annually. Clinically significant antimicrobial resistance was found among Enterbacter spp. to cephalosporins and among Enterococcus spp. to ampicillin. Conclusions: Availability of hand disinfection equipment at each bed and a specialist in infectious diseases responsible for antibiotic treatment were factors that correlated with lower antibiotic consumption in Swedish ICUs, whereas patient-related factors were not associated with antibiotic usage.
|
|
| 130. |
- Yasin, Zafar, et al.
(författare)
-
Applicability of Parallel Plate Avalanche Counters to Spontaneous Fission from Cf-252
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Modern Physics E. - 0218-3013. ; 21:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The construction and performance of the parallel plate avalanche counters (PPACs) using a spontaneous fission source Cf-252 is described in this paper. The parallel plate circular electrodes are made of aluminum foils having a thickness less than ten microns. After fabrication, the detectors and the source are mounted inside a reaction chamber, the source between the two detectors. A low pressure is created inside the chamber using isobutane (C4H10) and a high voltage is applied to the electrodes. The detectors are first operated at different pressures and voltages to find the optimum values of the pressure and the voltage. This is necessary to avoid the sparking threshold, to achieve a good time resolution and to keep the gain of the detectors high and constant. The. PPACs are operated in 2 pi- and 4 pi-geometries. In 4 pi-geometry the detectors are allowed to function in coincidence and noncoincidence mode. The resulting pulse height and the time spectra are studied using the computer code ROOT and some conclusions are drawn from these analyses. The pulse height spectrum shows a clear separation between the fission fragments and the alpha particles and the time spectrum indicates a good intrinsic time resolution, 0.76 ns.
|
|
