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201.
  • Skoglund, Pontus, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Origins and Genetic Legacy of Neolithic Farmers and Hunter-Gatherers in Europe
  • 2012
  • record:In_t: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 336:6080, s. 466-469
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • The farming way of life originated in the Near East some 11,000 years ago and had reached most of the European continent 5000 years later. However, the impact of the agricultural revolution on demography and patterns of genomic variation in Europe remains unknown. We obtained 249 million base pairs of genomic DNA from similar to 5000-year-old remains of three hunter-gatherers and one farmer excavated in Scandinavia and find that the farmer is genetically most similar to extant southern Europeans, contrasting sharply to the hunter-gatherers, whose distinct genetic signature is most similar to that of extant northern Europeans. Our results suggest that migration from southern Europe catalyzed the spread of agriculture and that admixture in the wake of this expansion eventually shaped the genomic landscape of modern-day Europe.
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202.
  • Skoglund, Pontus (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Reconstructing the Human Past using Ancient and Modern Genomes
  • 2013
  • swepub:Mat_doctoralthesis_t (swepub:level_scientificother_t)abstract
    • The study of DNA variation is one of the most promising avenues for learning about the evolutionary and historical past of humans and other species. However, the difficulty associated with obtaining DNA directly from ancient remains have for long kept genomic studies of population history trapped in time; confined to interpreting patterns of modern-day variation without direct historical observations. In this thesis, I outline new approaches for the retrieval, analysis and interpretation of large-scale genomic data from ancient populations, including solutions to overcome problems associated with limited genome coverage, modern-day contamination, temporal differences between samples, and post-mortem DNA damage. I integrate large-scale genomic data sets from ancient remains with modern-day variation to trace the human past; from traits targeted by natural selection in the early ancestors of anatomically modern humans, to their descendants' interbreeding with archaic populations in Eurasia and the spread of agriculture in Europe and Africa. By first reconstructing the earliest population diversification events of early modern humans using a novel large-scale genomic data set from Khoe-San populations in southern Africa, I devise a new approach to search for genomic patterns of selective sweeps in ancestral populations and report evidence for skeletal development as a major target of selection during the emergence of early modern humans. Comparing publicly available genomes from archaic humans, I further find that the distribution of archaic human ancestry in Eurasia is more complex than previously thought. In the first direct genomic study of population structure in prehistoric populations, I demonstrate that individuals associated with farming- and hunter-gatherer complexes in Neolithic Scandinavia were strongly genetically differentiated, and direct comparisons with modern-day populations as well as other prehistoric individuals from Southern Europe suggest that this structure originated from Northward expansion of Neolithic farming populations. Finally, I develop a bioinformatic approach for removing modern-day contamination from large-scale ancient DNA sequencing data, and use this method to reconstruct the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of a Siberian Neandertal that is affected by substantial modern-day contamination.
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203.
  • Skoglund, Pontus, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Separating endogenous ancient DNA from modern-day contamination: application to a Siberian Neandertal
  • 2014
  • record:In_t: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 111:6, s. 2229-2234
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • One of the main impediments for obtaining DNA sequences from ancient humanskeletons is the presence of contaminating modern human DNA molecules in many fossil samples and laboratory reagents. However, DNA fragments isolated from ancient specimens show a characteristic DNA damage pattern, caused by miscoding lesions, that differs from present-day DNA sequences. Here, we develop a framework for evaluating the likelihood of a sequence originating from a model with post-mortem degradation (PMD)—summarized in a PMD score—which allows the identification of DNA fragments that are unlikely to originate from present-day sources. We apply this approach to a contaminated Neandertal specimen from the Okladnikov cave in Siberia in order to isolate its endogenous DNA from modern human contaminants, and show that the reconstructed mitochondrial genome sequence is more closely related to the variation of Western Neandertals than what was discernible from previous analyses. Our method opens up the potential for genomic analysis of contaminated fossil material.
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204.
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205.
  • Srigyan, Megha, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Bioarchaeological evidence of one of the earliest Islamic burials in the Levant
  • 2022
  • record:In_t: Communications Biology. - : Springer Nature. - 2399-3642. ; 5
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • Ancient genomic and archaeological data combine to identify a surprisingly early Islamic burial in modern day Syria. The Middle East plays a central role in human history harbouring a vast diversity of ethnic, cultural and religious groups. However, much remains to be understood about past and present genomic diversity in this region. Here we present a multidisciplinary bioarchaeological analysis of two individuals dated to the late 7th and early 8th centuries, the Umayyad Era, from Tell Qarassa, an open-air site in modern-day Syria. Radiocarbon dates and burial type are consistent with one of the earliest Islamic Arab burials in the Levant. Interestingly, we found genomic similarity to a genotyped group of modern-day Bedouins and Saudi rather than to most neighbouring Levantine groups. This study represents the genomic analysis of a secondary use site with characteristics consistent with an early Islamic burial in the Levant. We discuss our findings and possible historic scenarios in the light of forces such as genetic drift and their possible interaction with religious and cultural processes (including diet and subsistence practices).
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206.
  • Sten, Sabine, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Erik den heliges skelett : [Saint Erik's skeleton]
  • 2016
  • record:In_t: Fornvännen. - 0015-7813 .- 1404-9430. ; 111:1, s. 27-40
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_scientificother_t)abstract
    • Saint Erik was King of Sweden for a few years up to 1160, when he was killed. A skeleton attributed to him is kept in Uppsala Cathedral. It underwent sci­entific reappraisal in 2014. The analyses included computer tomography, X­ray absorptiometry, isotope analysis and DNA sampling. Radiocarbon con­firms the alleged age of the bones. They belong to a 35–40­year­old man inexcellent physical shape. The many wounds that he received in connectionwith his death fit surprisingly well with the saint's legend, whose preservedversion was written 130 years after the event.
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207.
  • Sten, Sabine, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Erik den heliges skelett
  • 2016
  • record:In_t: Fornvännen. - 0015-7813 .- 1404-9430. ; 111:1, s. 27-40
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • Saint Erik was King of Sweden for a few years up to 1160, when he was killed. A skeleton attributed to him is kept in Uppsala Cathedral. It underwent scientific reappraisal in 2014. The analyses included computer tomography, Xray absorptiometry, isotope analysis and DNA sampling. Radiocarbon confirms the alleged age of the bones. They belong to a 35-40-year-old man in excellent physical shape. The many wounds that he received in connection with his death fit surprisingly well with the saint's legend, whose preserved version was written 130 years after the event.
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208.
  • Stenseke, Marie, 1963, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • How to bring historical forms into the future? An exploration of Swedish semi-natural grasslands
  • 2016
  • record:In_t: Nature, temporality and environmental management : Scandinavian and Australian perspectives on peoples and landscapes / edited by Lesley Head, Katarina Saltzman, Gunhild Setten and Marie Stenseke.. - London and New York : Routledge. - 9781472464651 ; , s. 204-219, s. 204-219
  • swepub:Mat_chapter_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)
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209.
  • Svensson, Emma, 1979-, et al. (creator_code:aut_t)
  • Genome of Pesxtera Muierii skull shows high diversity and low mutational load in pre-glacial Europe
  • 2021
  • record:In_t: Current Biology. - : Cell Press. - 0960-9822 .- 1879-0445. ; 31:14, s. 2973-U21
  • swepub:Mat_article_t (swepub:level_refereed_t)abstract
    • Few complete human genomes from the European Early Upper Palaeolithic (EUP) have been sequenced. Using novel sampling and DNA extraction approaches, we sequenced the genome of a woman from "Pesxtera Muierii,"Romania who lived similar to 34,000 years ago to 13.5x coverage. The genome shows similarities to modern-day Europeans, but she is not a direct ancestor. Although her cranium exhibits both modern human and Neanderthal features, the genome shows similar levels of Neanderthal admixture (similar to 3.1%) to most EUP humans but only half compared to the similar to 40,000-year-old Pesxtera Oase 1. All EUP European hunter-gatherers display high genetic diversity, demonstrating that the severe loss of diversity occurred during and after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) rather than just during the out-of-Africa migration. The prevalence of genetic diseases is expected to increase with low diversity; however, pathogenic variant load was relatively constant from EUP to modern times, despite post-LGM hunter-gatherers having the lowest diversity ever observed among Europeans.
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210.
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