| 61. |
- Jansson, Jan-Håkan
(författare)
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Central venkateter och malign sjukdom : värdet av trombosprofylax ifrågasätts nu
- 2005
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - Stockholm : Sveriges läkarförbund. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 102:26-27, s. 1984-1985
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kateterrelaterad trombos är vanligt hos patienter med malign sjukdom och central venkateter, och konsekvenserna för patienten kan bli betydande. Nyare studier ifrågasätter nyttan med lågdos warfarin och lågmolekylärt heparin som profylax mot kateterrelaterade tromboser hos dessa patienter.
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| 62. |
- Jansson, Jan-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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Reading times and adpative styles among patients diagnosed with psychosis as assessed by the serial color-word test
- 2012
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Ingår i: Perceptual and Motor Skills. - 0031-5125. ; 114:1, s. 3-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on how patients diagnosed with psychosis deal with a conflicting situation. In the study, two groups of patients were assessed. One group consisted of patients diagnosed with psychosis (n=41), while the comparison group (n=135) consisted of inpatients diagnosed either with anorexia nervosa or with bulimia nervosa. The groups were assessed using the Serial Color Word Test (S-CWT), designed for studying an individual's successive adaptation over time to a conflicting situation. The S-CWT differentiated the two groups regarding both reading time and adaptive styles. Patients diagnosed with psychosis had longer reading times and an adaptive style that was deviant throughout the test, indicating poorer cognitive functioning and more serious psychopathology. These problems may in turn influence functioning in work or study and daily living, all of which are important in treatment planning.
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| 63. |
- Jansson, Jan-Åke, et al.
(författare)
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The Psychosocial Atmosphere in Community-Based Activity Centers for People with Psychiatric Disabilities: Visitor and Staff Perceptions.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Community Mental Health Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0010-3853 .- 1573-2789. ; 49:6, s. 748-755
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated how visitors and staff in community-based activity centers in Sweden perceived the psychosocial atmosphere and whether this could be explained by the centers' orientation (work-oriented versus meeting place-oriented centers). Eighty-eight visitors and 37 staff members at three work-oriented and three meeting place-oriented centers participated. The Community-oriented Programs Environmental Scale was used to estimate the psychosocial atmosphere. The result showed that the psychosocial atmosphere at the centers was in accordance with a supportive ward atmosphere profile. Visitors and staff perceived several aspects of the psychosocial atmosphere differently, especially in the meeting place-oriented centers. The visitors in the meeting place-oriented centers did not perceive the psychosocial atmosphere differently from those visiting the work-oriented centers. The results indicated that the psychosocial atmosphere at the centers was in line with what previous research has shown to be beneficial for visitors regarding outcome and favorable for promoting a good therapeutic alliance and a good functioning in daily life.
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| 64. |
- Jansson, Margareta, et al.
(författare)
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Reducing dose in urography while maintaining image quality - a comparison of storage phosphor plates and a flat-panel detector
- 2006
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Ingår i: European Radiology. - Berlin / Heidelberg : Springer. - 0938-7994 .- 1432-1084. ; 16:1, s. 221-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The introduction of new flat-panel detector technology often forces us to accept too high dose levels as proposed by the manufacturers. We need a tool to compare the image quality of a new system with the accepted standard. The aim of this study was to obtain a comparable image quality for two systems-storage phosphor plates and a flat-panel system using intravenous urography (IVU) as a clinical model. The image quality figure was calculated using a contrast-detail phantom (CDRAD) for the two evaluated systems. This allowed us to set a dose for the flat-panel system that gave equivalent image quality to the storage phosphor plates. This reduced detector dose was used in an evaluation of clinical images to find out if the dose reduction from the phantom study indeed resulted in images of equal clinical image quality. The image quality was assessed using image criteria of the European guidelines for IVU with visual grading analysis. Equivalent image quality in image pairs was achieved at 30% of the dose. The CDRAD contrast-detail phantom makes it possible to find dose levels that give equal image quality using different imaging systems.
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| 65. |
- Johansson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of systemic immunoreactivity to Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin in relation to the incidence of myocardial infarction
- 2011
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Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2334. ; 11:1, s. 55-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Chronic infections and associated inflammatory markers are suggested risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). The proinflammatory cytokine, interleukin (IL)-1, is suggested to play a role in the regulation of local inflammatory responses in both CVD and periodontitis. The leukotoxin from the periodontal pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans has recently been shown to cause abundant secretion of IL-1 from macrophages. The aim of the present study was to compare the prevalence of systemic immunoreactivity to A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin in myocardial infarction (MI) cases (n=532) and matched controls (n=1000) in a population-based case and referents study in northern Sweden. Methods: Capacity to neutralize A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin was analyzed in a bioassay with leukocytes, purified leukotoxin, and plasma. Plasma samples that inhibited lactate-dehydrogenase release from leukotoxin-lysed cells by 50 % were classified as positive. Results: Neutralizing capacity against A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin was detected in 53.3% of the plasma samples. The ability to neutralize leukotoxin correlated to increasing age in men (n=1082) but not in women (n=450). There was no correlation between presence of systemic leukotoxin neutralization capacity and the incidence of MI, except for women (n=146). Women with a low neutralizing capacity had a significantly higher incidence of MI than those who had a high neutralizing capacity. Conclusions: Systemic immunoreactivity against A. actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin was found at a high prevalence in the analyzed population of adults from northern Sweden. The results from the present study do not support the hypothesis that systemic leukotoxin-neutralizing capacity can decrease the risk for MI.
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| 66. |
- Johansson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of patients with atrial fibrillation not treated with oral anticoagulants
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 32:4, s. 226-231
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: An underuse of oral anticoagulants (OAC) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) has been suggested, as only 50% of all patients with AF receive OAC treatment. Whether this is due to contraindications, lack of an indication to treat, or an expression of underuse is sparsely investigated. This study therefore aimed to characterize individuals without OAC treatment in a real-life population of patients with AF. Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study. The medical records were scrutinized in order to identify the type of AF, risk factors for embolism and bleeding, and other factors of importance for OAC treatment. Setting: The municipalities of Skellefteå and Norsjö, northern Sweden. Subjects: A total of 2274 living residents with at least one verified episode of AF on or before December 31, 2010. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of treatment with OAC and documented reasons to withhold OAC treatment. Results: Among all 2274 patients with AF, 1187 (52%) were not treated with OAC. Of the untreated patients, 19% had no indication or had declined or had experienced adverse effects other than bleeding on warfarin treatment. The most common reason to withhold OAC was presence of risk factors for bleeding, found in 38% of all untreated patients. Furthermore, a documented reason could be identified to withhold OAC in 75%. Conclusions: Among patients with AF without OAC treatment a reason could be identifi ed to withhold OAC in 75%. The underuse of OAC is estimated to be 25%.
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| 67. |
- Johansson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence, type of atrial fibrillation and risk factors for stroke : a population-based cohort study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - 1179-1349 .- 1179-1349. ; 9, s. 53-62
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aims of this study were to estimate the incidence of atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter (AF), to assess the presence of provoking factors and risk factors for stroke and systemic embolism, and to determine the type of AF in patients with first-diagnosed AF. Patients and methods: This cohort study was performed in northern Sweden between January 1, 2011 and December 31, 2012. Diagnosis registries were searched for the International Classification of Diseases-10 code for AF (I48) to identify cases of incident AF. All AF diagnoses were electrocardiogram-verified. Data pertaining to provoking factors, type of AF and presence of risk factors for stroke and systemic embolism according to the CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score were obtained from medical records. Results: The incidence of AF in the entire population was 4.0 per 1,000 person-years. The incidence was 27.5 per 1,000 person-years in patients aged >= 80 years. A total of 21% of all patients had a provoking factor in association with the first-diagnosed episode of AF. The CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score was 2 or higher in 81% of the patients. Permanent AF was the most common type of AF (29%). Conclusion: There was a considerable increase in the incidence of AF with age, and a provoking factor was found in one-fifth. The most common type of AF was permanent AF. Four in five patients had a CHA(2)DS(2)-VASc score of 2 or more.
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| 68. |
- Johansson, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Therapeutic alliance and outcome in routine psychiatric out-patient treatment: Patient factors and outcome
- 2010
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Ingår i: Psychology and Psychotherapy. - 1476-0835. ; 83:2, s. 193-206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. This study investigated the importance of the therapeutic alliance in a routine psychiatric out-patient unit regarding treatment outcome and the influence of patient factors. Design. The study had a naturalistic and longitudinal design where the treatments the patient received were determined by the normal routines at the unit and were performed by a variety of staff representative of a psychiatric out-patient unit. Method. Newly admitted patients were diagnosed according to the International Classification of Diseases - 10th Revision and completed questionnaires regarding the therapeutic alliance, symptoms, and interpersonal problems at the beginning and termination of their treatment (N = 76). The time limit for the termination assessments was set at 18 months. Results. The therapeutic alliance at the beginning of treatment did not correlate with outcome, however, at the end of the treatment the alliance significantly explained about 15% of the variance of the outcome (global severity index). An improvement of the alliance during the treatment significantly correlated with most of the outcome variables. The relation of the alliance to outcome was equal among the different diagnosis groups and treatment forms. Conclusion. The results showed that the therapeutic alliance is an important variable for treatment outcome in routine psychiatric treatment, and improving the therapeutic alliance may be one of the most important factors for increasing the total effectiveness of a treatment unit.
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| 69. |
- Johansson, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Dairy intake revisited - associations between dairy intake and lifestyle related cardio-metabolic risk factors in a high milk consuming population
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nutrition Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2891. ; 17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe association between milk and dairy intake and the incidence of cardiometabolic diseases, cancer and mortality has been evaluated in many studies, but these studies have had conflicting results with no clear conclusion on causal or confounding associations. The present study aims to further address this association by cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation of the associations between exposure to various types of dairy products and metabolic risk markers among inhabitants in northern Sweden while taking other lifestyle factors into account.MethodsRespondents in the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme with complete and plausible diet data between 1991 and 2016 were included, yielding 124,934 observations from 90,512 unique subjects. For longitudinal analysis, 27,682 participants with a visit 8-12years after the first visit were identified. All participants completed a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire. Metabolic risk markers, including body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, serum (S) cholesterol and triglycerides, and blood glucose, were measured. Participants were categorized into quintiles by intake of dairy products, and risk (odds ratios, OR) of undesirable levels of metabolic risk markers was assessed in multivariable logistic regression analyses. In longitudinal analyses, intake quintiles were related to desirable levels of metabolic risk markers at both visits or deterioration at follow-up using Cox regression analyses.ResultsThe OR of being classified with an undesirable BMI decreased with increasing quintiles of total dairy, cheese and butter intake but increased with increasing non-fermented milk intake. The OR of being classified with an undesirable S-cholesterol level increased with increasing intake of total dairy, butter and high fat (3%) non-fermented milk, whereas an undesirable S-triglyceride level was inversely associated with cheese and butter intake in women. In longitudinal analyses, increasing butter intake was associated with deterioration of S-cholesterol and blood glucose levels, whereas increasing cheese intake was associated with a lower risk of deterioration of S-triglycerides.ConclusionsConfounding factors likely contribute to the demonstrated association between dairy intake and mortality, and other medical conditions and analyses should be stratified by dairy type.
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| 70. |
- Johansson, Ingegerd, et al.
(författare)
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Dairy Product Intake and Cardiometabolic Diseases in Northern Sweden: A 33-Year Prospective Cohort Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nutrients. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6643. ; 11:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dairy products are important constituents of most diets, and their association with adverse health outcomes remains a focus. We characterized dairy food intake and examined associations with the incidence of type 2 diabetes (T2D), myocardial infarction (MI) or stroke among 108,065 Swedish men and women. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were estimated using the multivariable Cox proportional hazards models in a population characterized by high milk tolerance. During a mean follow-up of 14.2 years, 11,641 first-time events occurred. Non-fermented milk intake decreased, whereas butter intake increased over the period. For high intake of non-fermented milk, the HR (95% CI) for developing T2D and MI was 1.17 (1.03, 1.34) and 1.23 (1.10, 1.37), respectively, in men. A greater intake of butter, fermented milk, and cheese tended to be associated with a reduced risk of T2D and/or MI. Non-consumers and those who chose low-fat variants of the targeted dairy products had increased risk for T2D, MI, or stroke compared to those in the non-case group. Generally, effect-sizes were small. This prospective study found that non-fermented milk was associated with an increased risk for developing T2D and MI and that subjects abstaining from dairy products or choosing low-fat variants were at greater risk. However, the overall cardiometabolic risk of non-fermented milk intake was judged as low, since the effect sizes were small.
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