| 51. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Cerebrospinal fluid/plasma quotients of essential and non-essential metals in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1435-1463 .- 0300-9564. ; 118:6, s. 957-62
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the quotients (Q) between metal concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma were studied in subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and referents to investigate if the leakage through the blood-CSF barrier (BCB) increased with increased duration and severity of the disease. Concentrations of 18 metals (Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Hg, and Pb) were determined by ICP-MS in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in 264 patients with AD, and in 54 healthy referents. The quotients Q (Mn), Q (Rb), Q (Sb), Q (Pb) and Q (Hg) were significantly lower (p≤0.003) and Q (Co) significantly higher (p≤0.001) in subjects with AD as compared with the controls. Subjects in a subgroup with more severe AD, showed the same pattern. The metal leakage into CSF did not increase with increased duration and/or severity of the disease. The permeability of BCB varied considerably between the studied metals with low median quotients (Q≤0.02) for Cd, Cu, Sb, Se and Zn and higher median quotients for Ca (Q~0.5) and Mg (Q~1.3), probably partly depending on differences in size and lipophilicity of metal-carrier complexes and specific carrier mechanisms.
|
|
| 52. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Concentrations of metals, beta-amyloid and tau-markers in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9824 .- 1420-8008. ; 28:1, s. 88-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS: In this study, metal concentrations were related to the levels of well-known Alzheimer markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), such as amyloid-beta (Abeta), total tau (T-tau) and phosphorylated-tau (P-tau). METHODS: Concentrations of 19 metals (Mg, Ca, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cd, Sn, Sb, Cs, Hg and Pb by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry) and the levels of Abeta, T-tau and P-tau in CSF were determined (xMAP technology) in 264 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and in 54 healthy referents. RESULTS: The AD subjects showed positive correlations between CSF-T-tau and CSF-P-tau versus CSF-Mn (r(s) = 0.22, p = 0.004; r(s) = 0.18, p = 0.021). CSF-T-tau, however, showed a negative correlation with CSF-Cs (r(s) = -0.17; p = 0.027). In subjects with severe AD, CSF-Abeta showed a strong positive correlation with CSF-Cs (r(s) = 0.49; p = 0.026), while CSF-T-tau showed a strong negative correlation with CSF-Cs (r(s) = -0.49; p = 0.026). Also, CSF P-tau was negatively associated with CSF-Cs (r(s) = -0.41; p = 0.06). CONCLUSION: The different relationships between the CSF-levels of Abeta and tau-markers versus the levels of CSF-Mn and CSF-Cs may be due to different binding affinity between these metals and metal binding proteins in the CSF and the surrounding brain.
|
|
| 53. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Metal concentrations in blood and hair in pregnant females in southern Sweden.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Journal of environmental health. - 0022-0892. ; 72:6, s. 37-41
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study described here was comprised of 100 pregnant females from two prenatal care units at the cities of Hassleholm and Simrishamn in southern Sweden. It included a questionnaire as well as whole blood (total mercury, cadmium, and lead) and hair (total mercury) sampling (collection period 2002-2003). The median values of total mercury (B-Hg 0.70 microg/L; range 0.27-2.1 microg/L), cadmium (0.30 microg/L, 0.05-4.8 microg/L) and lead (11.0 microg/L, 4.2-79 microg/L) in whole blood were low in the total material, as were the hair mercury concentrations (Hair-Hg 0.22 microg/g, 0.04-0.83 microg/g). In a multiple linear regression model, B-Hg was related to the number of fish meals per week and to the number of occlusal amalgam fillings (multiple r = 0.51; p < .001). The levels of mercury, cadmium, and lead in whole blood were lower than suggested biological reference intervals, and did not indicate risks for adverse health effects.
|
|
| 54. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, 1952, et al.
(författare)
-
Metal concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Dementia and geriatric cognitive disorders. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9824 .- 1420-8008. ; 25:6, s. 508-15
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND/AIMS: The homeostasis of essential metals such as copper, iron, selenium and zinc may be altered in the brain of subjects with Alzheimer's disease (AD). METHODS: Concentrations of metals (magnesium, calcium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, selenium, rubidium, strontium, molybdenum, cadmium, tin, antimony, cesium, mercury and lead) were determined in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in 173 patients with AD and in 87 patients with the combination of AD and minor vascular components (AD + vasc). Comparison was made with 54 healthy controls. RESULTS: The plasma concentrations of manganese and total mercury were significantly higher in subjects with AD (p < 0.001) and AD + vasc (p
|
|
| 55. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Metallmätningar hos gravida kvinnor
- 2005
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna undersökning av 104 gravida kvinnor från mödravårdscentralerna vid Hässleholms sjukhus (51 st) och Simrishamns sjukhus (53 st) har finansierats genom Naturvårdsverkets miljöövervakningsprogram. Undersökningen genomfördes perioden 2002-2003 och innefattade frågeformulär (Bilaga 1), blodprover (totalkvicksilver, organiskt och oorganiskt kvicksilver samt bly och kadmium) och hårprover (totalkvicksilver). Medianvärdena i helblod bland samtliga kvinnor låg genomgående lågt i början av graviditeten: för kvicksilver (B-Hg totalt medianvärde 0,64 μg/L; range 0,04-2,05 μg/L; B-Hg org 0,30; 0-1,68; B-Hg oorg 0,25; 0-1,35) samt för bly (11,0 μg/L; 4,2- 79,0) och kadmium (0,30 μg/L; 0,05-4,8). Även kvicksilverkoncentrationerna i hår var genomgående låga (median 0,22 μg/g; range 0,04-0,83). De gravida kvinnorna från kuststaden Simrishamn hade signifikant högre koncentrationer av kadmium (p=0,004) och totalkvicksilver (p=0,005) i helblod liksom av kvicksilver i hår (p=0,015) jämfört med inlandsstaden Hässleholm. Den grupp som åt insjöfisk under graviditetens sista 6 månader hade ungefär samma halter av totalkvicksilver, oorganiskt och organiskt kvicksilver i helblod, liksom av totalkvicksilver i hår, som den grupp som enbart åt havsfisk. Kvinnor som emellertid ätit krabba under motsvarande period hade något högre halter av organiskt (p=0,037) resp totalkvicksilver (p=0,013) i helblod jämfört med kvinnor som ej ätit krabba. Halterna av oorganiskt kvicksilver i helblod visade ett positivt samband med såväl antalet occlusala (rs=0,27; p=0,008) som med det totala antalet amalgamfyllningar (rs=0,25; p=0,014) i munnen. Vid en linjär regressionsanalys var kvicksilverhalten i helblod relaterad till såväl antalet fiskmåltider per vecka som till antalet occlusala amalgamfyllningar i munnen. Kvicksilverkoncentrationen i hår visade det starkaste sambandet med totalkvicksilverhalten i helblod. Värdena av totalkvicksilver och metylkvicksilver i helblod var klart lägre i denna undersökning från södra Sverige i jämförelse med resultaten från motsvarande studier från västkusten och Uppsala län. Så var även fallet för kvicksilverhalterna i hår. Baserat på data från NRC (2000) och EPA (2001), har med hänsyn taget till använda säkerhetsfaktorer, följande referensvärden föreslagits: B-Hg totalt 5 μg/L, B-Hg org 4 μg/L, Hår-Hg 1 μg/g. Samtliga kvinnor i vår undersökning låg under dessa referensvärden. Fortsatt hälsorelaterad miljöövervakning kan emellertid vara motiverad, för att säkerställa att denna känsliga grupp även fortsättningsvis har en kvicksilver-, bly- och kadmiumbelastning, som inte innebär hälsorisker för mödrar eller foster.
|
|
| 56. |
- Gerhardsson, Lars, et al.
(författare)
-
Metallmätningar hos gravida kvinnor, SNV nr 2150204
- 2005
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna undersökning av 104 gravida kvinnor från mödravårdscentralerna vidHässleholms sjukhus (51 st) och Simrishamns sjukhus (53 st) har finansierats genomNaturvårdsverkets miljöövervakningsprogram. Undersökningen genomfördesperioden 2002-2003 och innefattade frågeformulär (Bilaga 1), blodprover(totalkvicksilver, organiskt och oorganiskt kvicksilver samt bly och kadmium) ochhårprover (totalkvicksilver).Medianvärdena i helblod bland samtliga kvinnor låg genomgående lågt i början avgraviditeten: för kvicksilver (B-Hg totalt medianvärde 0,64 μg/L; range 0,04-2,05μg/L; B-Hg org 0,30; 0-1,68; B-Hg oorg 0,25; 0-1,35) samt för bly (11,0 μg/L; 4,2-79,0) och kadmium (0,30 μg/L; 0,05-4,8). Även kvicksilverkoncentrationerna i hårvar genomgående låga (median 0,22 μg/g; range 0,04-0,83). De gravida kvinnornafrån kuststaden Simrishamn hade signifikant högre koncentrationer av kadmium(p=0,004) och totalkvicksilver (p=0,005) i helblod liksom av kvicksilver i hår(p=0,015) jämfört med inlandsstaden Hässleholm. Den grupp som åt insjöfisk undergraviditetens sista 6 månader hade ungefär samma halter av totalkvicksilver,oorganiskt och organiskt kvicksilver i helblod, liksom av totalkvicksilver i hår, somden grupp som enbart åt havsfisk. Kvinnor som emellertid ätit krabba undermotsvarande period hade något högre halter av organiskt (p=0,037) resptotalkvicksilver (p=0,013) i helblod jämfört med kvinnor som ej ätit krabba.Halterna av oorganiskt kvicksilver i helblod visade ett positivt samband med såvälantalet occlusala (rs=0,27; p=0,008) som med det totala antalet amalgamfyllningar(rs=0,25; p=0,014) i munnen. Vid en linjär regressionsanalys var kvicksilverhalten ihelblod relaterad till såväl antalet fiskmåltider per vecka som till antalet occlusalaamalgamfyllningar i munnen. Kvicksilverkoncentrationen i hår visade det starkastesambandet med totalkvicksilverhalten i helblod.Värdena av totalkvicksilver och metylkvicksilver i helblod var klart lägre i dennaundersökning från södra Sverige i jämförelse med resultaten från motsvarande studierfrån västkusten och Uppsala län. Så var även fallet för kvicksilverhalterna i hår.Baserat på data från NRC (2000) och EPA (2001), har med hänsyn taget till användasäkerhetsfaktorer, följande referensvärden föreslagits: B-Hg totalt 5 μg/L, B-Hg org 4μg/L, Hår-Hg 1 μg/g. Samtliga kvinnor i vår undersökning låg under dessareferensvärden. Fortsatt hälsorelaterad miljöövervakning kan emellertid varamotiverad, för att säkerställa att denna känsliga grupp även fortsättningsvis har enkvicksilver-, bly- och kadmiumbelastning, som inte innebär hälsorisker för mödrar eller foster.
|
|
| 57. |
|
|
| 58. |
- Gerlee, Philip, 1980, et al.
(författare)
-
Predicting regional COVID-19 hospital admissions in Sweden using mobility data.
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The transmission of COVID-19 is dependent on social mixing, the basic rate of which varies with sociodemographic, cultural, and geographic factors. Alterations in social mixing and subsequent changes in transmission dynamics eventually affect hospital admissions. We employ these observations to model and predict regional hospital admissions in Sweden during the COVID-19 pandemic. We use an SEIR-model for each region in Sweden in which the social mixing is assumed to depend on mobility data from public transport utilisation and locations for mobile phone usage. The results show that the model could capture the timing of the first and beginning of the second wave of the pandemic 3weeks in advance without any additional assumptions about seasonality. Further, we show that for two major regions of Sweden, models with public transport data outperform models using mobile phone usage. We conclude that a model based on routinely collected mobility data makes it possible to predict future hospital admissions for COVID-19 3weeks in advance.
|
|
| 59. |
- Gliga, Anda R., et al.
(författare)
-
Exposure to Mild Steel Welding and Changes in Serum Proteins With Putative Neurological Function—A Longitudinal Study
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-2565. ; 8
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Welders are exposed to high levels of metal particles, consisting mainly of iron and manganese (Mn) oxide. Metal particles, especially those containing Mn can be neurotoxic. In this exploratory study, we evaluated associations between welding and expression of 87 putative neurology-related proteins in serum in a longitudinal approach. The study cohort from southern Sweden included welders working with mild steel (n = 56) and controls (n = 67), all male and non-smoking, which were sampled at two timepoints (T1, T2) 6-year apart. Observed associations in the longitudinal analysis (linear mixed models) were further evaluated (linear regression models) in another cross-sectional sample which included welders (n = 102) and controls (n = 89) who were sampled only once (T1 or T2). The median respirable dust levels for welders after adjusting for respiratory protection was at T1 0.6 (5–95 percentile: 0.2–4.2) and at T2 0.5 (0.1–1.8) mg/m3. The adjusted median respirable Mn concentration was at T2 0.049 mg/m3 (0.003–0.314) with a Spearman correlation between adjusted respirable dust and respirable Mn of rS = 0.88. We identified five neurology-related proteins that were differentially expressed in welders vs. controls in the longitudinal sample, of which one (nicotinamide/nicotinic acid mononucleotide adenylyltransferase 1; NMNAT1) was also differentially expressed in the cross-sectional sample. NMNAT1, an axon-protective protein linked to Alzheimers disease, was upregulated in welders compared with controls but no associations were discerned with degree of exposure (welders only: years welding, respirable dust, cumulative exposure). However, we identified five additional proteins that were associated with years welding (GCSF, EFNA4, CTSS, CLM6, VWC2; welders only) both in the longitudinal and in the cross-sectional samples. We also observed several neurology-related proteins that were associated with age and BMI. Our study indicates that low-to-moderate exposure to welding fumes is associated with changes in circulating levels of neurology-related proteins.
|
|
| 60. |
- Guldbrand, Carl, 1997, et al.
(författare)
-
Low-level exposure to lead and atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries : Results from the Swedish population-based cohort SCAPIS
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Environmental Research. - 0013-9351 .- 1096-0953. ; 244
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Lead exposure is associated with cardiovascular disease. Atherosclerosis has been hypothesized to be one of the underlying mechanisms behind this association. Aim: To investigate whether lead exposure is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries in a large Swedish population-based cohort. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using data from the population-based Swedish CardioPulmonary bioImage Study (SCAPIS), including 5622 middle-aged men and women, enrolled 2013–2018. Blood lead (B–Pb), measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, was used as exposure biomarker. The presence of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries (yes/no), total plaque area (mm2) and the presence of large plaques (>25 mm2) were determined by ultrasonography. Associations between B–Pb and the different outcomes were analysed using Poisson and linear regression models, adjusted for potential confounders. Results: Atherosclerotic plaque was present in 57% of the individuals, for whom the median total plaque area was 16 mm2 (range: 0.2–222). The median B–Pb concentration was 14 μg/L (range: 0.75–203). After adjusting for potential confounders, individuals in the fourth quartile of B–Pb (Q4) had a prevalence ratio (PR) for plaque of 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.16) when compared with the first quartile (Q1). A 10 μg/L increase in B–Pb concentrations was associated with an increase of 0.92 mm2 (95% CI: 0.14, 1.71) in total plaque area. The PR for large plaque was 1.09 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.42 for Q4 vs Q1). Conclusions: This study shows an association between B–Pb and atherosclerosis in the carotid arteries providing some support for the hypothesis that atherosclerosis is one of the mechanisms underlying the association between lead exposure and cardiovascular disease.
|
|
