| 1381. |
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| 1382. |
- Moreno, Roberta B., et al.
(författare)
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Structure and antinociceptive effects of beta-D-glucans from Cookeina tricholoma
- 2016
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 141, s. 220-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structurally different water-insoluble (1 -> 3),(1 -> 6) beta-D-glucans were isolated from aqueous and alkaline extracts of the mushroom-forming ascomycete Cookeina tricholoma, a wild edible mushroom found in Brazilian Amazon forest. The structures showed different substitution patterns, which may influence their extractability and consequently their conformation in solution, and different M-w (4.3 x 10(5) Da, 3.7 x 10(5) Da and 8.2 x 10(5) Da, for ICW-Ct, IHW-Ct and IK2-ct, respectively). The main-chains are composed of (1 -> 3) -linked beta-D-Glcp units 0-6 substituted by side chains with different lengths of (1 -> 6)-linked beta-D-Glcp units (ICW-Ct and IHW-Ct) or by a combination of (1 -> 6) -linked beta-D-Glcp units and single units of beta-D-Glcp (IK2-ct). beta-D-glucans with similar Mw and showing only (1 6) -linked beta-D-Glcp units as side chains (ICW-Ct and IHW-Ct) showed significant inhibition of neurogenic pain, 69 +/- 11 and 57 +/- 11% at the dose of 10 mg kg(-1), respectively, in the model of nociception induced by intraplantar injection of formalin.
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| 1383. |
- Moreno-Rabie, C, et al.
(författare)
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Radiographic predictors for MRONJ in oncologic patients undergoing tooth extraction
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 12:1, s. 11280-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tooth extraction is a risk factor for the development of osteonecrosis of the jaw following treatment with antiresorptive drugs (ARDs), but not all extraction sites develop this pathology. Therefore, we aimed to identify local radiographic predictors of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) in panoramic images of oncologic patients undergoing tooth extraction. Based on a retrospective longitudinal cohort study design, patients were included if undergoing one or more tooth extraction, with at least one administration of ARDs, and presence of pre- and post-operative panoramic radiographs. After data collection, blinded and independent observations were performed. Eleven distinct imaging-related parameters were assessed preoperatively and five postoperatively, at each extraction site. A case–control and subgroup analysis assessing MRONJ development was performed. Significance level is set to 0.05 (5%). A total of 77 oncologic patients were selected, undergoing 218 tooth extractions, from which 63 teeth (29%) in 39 patients (51%) developed MRONJ. Results showed that patients developed significantly more MRONJ with longer ARD treatment (p = 0.057), teeth with absent and incomplete endodontic fillings with caries, widened periodontal ligament space and/or periapical lesions (p = 0.005), and sclerotic and heterogenous bone patterns (p = 0.005). In conclusion, tooth extraction sites presenting with infections and bone sclerosis are at higher risk to develop MRONJ.
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| 1384. |
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| 1385. |
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| 1386. |
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| 1387. |
- Mousis, O., et al.
(författare)
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Scientific rationale for Saturn's in situ exploration
- 2014
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Ingår i: Planetary and Space Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0032-0633 .- 1873-5088. ; 104, s. 29-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Remote sensing observations meet some limitations when used to study the bulk atmospheric composition of the giant planets of our solar system. A remarkable example of the superiority of in situ probe measurements is illustrated by the exploration of Jupiter, where key measurements such as the determination of the noble gases' abundances and the precise measurement of the helium mixing ratio have only been made available through in situ measurements by the Galileo probe. This paper describes the main scientific goals to be addressed by the future in situ exploration of Saturn placing the Galileo probe exploration of Jupiter in a broader context and before the future probe exploration of the more remote ice giants. In situ exploration of Saturn's atmosphere addresses two broad themes that are discussed throughout this paper: first, the formation history of our solar system and second, the processes at play in planetary atmospheres. In this context, we detail the reasons why measurements of Saturn's bulk elemental and isotopic composition would place important constraints on the volatile reservoirs in the protosolar nebula. We also show that the in situ measurement of CO (or any other disequilibrium species that is depleted by reaction with water) in Saturn's upper troposphere may help constraining its bulk O/H ratio. We compare predictions of Jupiter and Saturn's bulk compositions from different formation scenarios, and highlight the key measurements required to distinguish competing theories to shed light on giant planet formation as a common process in planetary systems with potential applications to most extrasolar systems. In situ measurements of Saturn's stratospheric and tropospheric dynamics, chemistry and cloud-forming processes will provide access to phenomena unreachable to remote sensing studies. Different mission architectures are envisaged, which would benefit from strong international collaborations, all based on an entry probe that would descend through Saturn's stratosphere and troposphere under parachute down to a minimum of 10 bar of atmospheric pressure. We finally discuss the science payload required on a Saturn probe to match the measurement requirements.
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| 1388. |
- Mårild, Staffan, 1945, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of a community based health-promotion programme in 2-to 9-year-old children in Europe on markers of the metabolic syndrome, the IDEFICS study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Obesity Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1467-7881. ; 16:Suppl. 2, s. 41-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionOne objective of Identification and prevention of Dietary-and lifestyle-induced health EFfects In Children and infantS', the IDEFICS study, was to implement a community-oriented childhood obesity prevention intervention in eight European countries. ObjectiveTo assess the effect of an obesity primary prevention programme on metabolic markers. MethodsThe study had a non-randomized cluster-experimental design. In each country, children were recruited from distinct communities serving as intervention and control regions. Health examinations were done during 2007-2008 before the intervention (T-0) and during 2009-2010 (T-1). Children with results available from T-0 and T-1 on blood pressure, waist circumference and at least one blood-marker (fasting glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR, HbA1c, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, C-reactive protein) were included. A metabolic syndrome (MetS) score was calculated. ResultsA total of 7,406 children (age 2-9.9years) of the 16,228 participating at T-0 provided the necessary data. No effect of the intervention was seen on insulin, HOMA-IR, CRP or the MetS score. Overall fasting glucose increased less in the intervention than in the control region, a pattern driven by three of the eight countries and more pronounced in children of parents with low education. Overall, HbA1c and waist circumference increased more and blood pressure less in the intervention regions. ConclusionWe observed no convincing effect of the intervention on markers of the metabolic syndrome. We identified diverse patterns of change for several markers of uncertain relation to the intervention. (c) 2015 World Obesity
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| 1389. |
- Nagrani, R., et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal association of inflammatory markers with markers of glycaemia and insulin resistance in European children
- 2022
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Ingår i: Diabetes-Metabolism Research and Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1520-7552 .- 1520-7560. ; 38:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Subclinical systemic inflammation may lead to development of type 2 diabetes, but there has been no investigation into its relationship with early progression of glycaemic deterioration and insulin resistance, especially in younger population. In this study we assessed longitudinal associations of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers with markers that evaluate glycaemia and insulin resistance. Methods This study includes 6537 initially nondiabetic children (mean age at baseline = 6.2 years) with repeated measurements from the IDEFICS/I.Family cohort study (mean follow-up = 5.3 years) from eight European countries. Markers of inflammation were used as independent variables and markers of glycaemia/insulin resistance as dependent variables. Associations were examined using two-level growth model. Models were adjusted for sex, age, major lifestyle, metabolic risk factors, early life markers, and other inflammatory markers in final model. Results Children with 6 years of follow-up showed that a one-unit increase in z-score of leptin level was associated with 0.38 (95% CI = 0.32 to 0.44) unit increase in HOMA-IR z-scores. Leptin continued to be associated with HOMA-IR even when analysis was limited to children with no overall obesity, no abdominal obesity, and low to normal triglyceride levels. An inverse association was observed between IL-15 and HOMA-IR (beta = -0.11, 95% CI = -0.15 to -0.07). Conclusions IL-15 should be evaluated further in the prevention or treatment of prediabetes whereas leptin may prove to be useful in early detection of prediabetes via their association with markers of insulin resistance in European children.
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| 1390. |
- Nagy, P, et al.
(författare)
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Percentile reference values for anthropometric body composition indices in European children from the IDEFICS study.
- 2014
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity (2005). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-5497 .- 0307-0565. ; 38:Suppl 2, s. S15-25
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To characterise the nutritional status in children with obesity or wasting conditions, European anthropometric reference values for body composition measures beyond the body mass index (BMI) are needed. Differentiated assessment of body composition in children has long been hampered by the lack of appropriate references.
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