| 251. |
- Repolês, Bruno Marçal, et al.
(författare)
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The integrity and assay performance of tissue mitochondrial DNA is considerably affected by choice of isolation method
- 2021
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Ingår i: Mitochondrion (Amsterdam. Print). - : Elsevier. - 1567-7249 .- 1872-8278. ; 61, s. 179-187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The integrity of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) isolated from solid tissues is critical for analyses such as long-range PCR, but is typically assessed under conditions that fail to provide information on the individual mtDNA strands. Using denaturing gel electrophoresis, we show that commonly-used isolation procedures generate mtDNA containing several single-strand breaks per strand. Through systematic comparison of DNA isolation methods, we identify a procedure yielding the highest integrity of mtDNA that we demonstrate displays improved performance in downstream assays. Our results highlight the importance of isolation method choice, and serve as a resource to researchers requiring high-quality mtDNA from solid tissues.
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| 252. |
- Runesson, Anton, 1988-
(författare)
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Blod, kött och tårar : Kroppslig erfarenhet i Sverige, ca 1600–1750
- 2021
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The study investigates how ordinary people in Sweden understood the body to function between c. 1600-1750, aiming thereby to enhance our understanding of everyday life during this period. Questions of how the body worked was then primarily a topic for the physiological sciences, and previous research has thus largely focused on the dissemination and reworking of medical traditions within medical thought and practice, considering the body to have been interpreted either as an open, humoral entity, or in mechanistic terms. To discern the ways that ordinary men and women understood the body, this study departs from a phenomenological perspective and takes people's descriptions of their experiences as starting points. The considered period was characterized by Lutheran orthodoxy and the effects of confessionalization on legal thought and practice. It also saw a rise in popular participation in the activities of criminal courts. The empirical evidence consists of roughly 800 legal investigations into crimes such as bestiality, magic, murder, homicide, suicide, infanticide and various sexual offences, examined in order to access ordinary people's perspectives on the body and other aspects of existence. The methodological assumptions guiding the interpretation of the sources are firstly that legal statements remain within the scope of the probable and possible, and secondly that descriptions of experiences can inform on how people understood the body. The study is divided into five empirical chapters designed to capture both physiological topics and aspects of existence. The chapters deal with how people understood the body to function in relation to principles of life; sickness and health; perception and consciousness; influences from God and the Devil; and confession in court. All in all, the study concludes that the lived body was primarily understood as an entity that worked when its parts, abilities and seats of consciousness could be accessed and used. Together and in coordination, these could then form a functioning whole. In accordance with this perspective, influences that prevented the body’s usual functioning and which made a person’s existence different were generally understood as deviations from the usual way of being. In turn, restored functionality implied conforming to the previous and usual way. The identified understanding of the body thus departed from the usual state and nature of specific bodies as a starting point for how people understood change. Negations of usefulness of parts or capabilities further demonstrate both how the body was commonly understood to work, and why it needed to function as usual. The functional understanding of the body was rooted in people’s existential conditions and in the needs that they had to be able to use their bodies. They needed their bodies to be able to work and to acquire religion. The study ends with suggestions for future research, such as varieties within the identified understanding of the body, and how it transformed as its existential conditions changed.
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| 253. |
- Ryberg, Anders, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Stereo vision for path correction in off-line programmed robot welding
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology. ; , s. 1700-1705
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper describes a versatile machine vision system for correcting off-line programmed nominal robot trajectories for advanced welding. Weld trajectory corrections are needed due to slight variations in weld joints. Such variations occur naturally because of varying tolerances in parts and to heat induced deformations during earlier weld sequences. The developed system uses one camera and a weld tool mounted on the robot hand. As a first step, the whole system, including the camera, is calibrated. Then the system takes images of the weld joint from different positions and orientations, and determines the weld joint geometry in 3D using a stereo vision algorithm and a novel camera model. The weld trajectory is then updated in the robot control system, and weld operation is performed. These steps are repeated for all weld sequences of the work piece. The strategy has successfully been demonstrated for a standard industrial welding robot and a standard FireWire CMOS camera. The maximum deviation of the trajectory found by the system compared to a reference (coordinate measuring machine) is 0.7 mm and the mean deviation is 0.23 mm. Thus, the system shows high potential for industrial implementation. ©2010 IEEE.
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| 254. |
- Sahlin, Ellika, et al.
(författare)
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Identification of putative pathogenic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in genes associated with heart disease in 290 cases of stillbirth
- 2019
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE. - 1932-6203. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of stillbirth in Sweden has essentially remained constant since the 1980s, and despite thorough investigation, many cases remain unexplained. It has been suggested that a proportion of stillbirth cases is caused by heart disease, mainly channelopathies. The aim of this study was to analyze DNA from 290 stillbirth cases without chromosomal abnormalities for pathogenic single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in 70 genes associated with cardiac channelopathies and cardiomyopathies. The HaloPlex Target Enrichment System (Agilent Technologies) was utilized to prepare sequencing libraries which were sequenced on the Illumina NextSeq platform. We found that 12.1% of the 290 investigated stillbirth cases had one (n = 31) or two (n = 4) variants with evidence supporting pathogenicity, i.e. loss-of-function variants (nonsense, frameshift, splice site substitutions), evidence from functional studies, or previous identification of the variants in affected individuals. Regarding identified putative pathogenic variants in genes associated with channelopathies, the prevalence was significantly higher in the stillbirth cohort (n = 23, 7.93%) than the corresponding prevalence of the same variants in the non-Finnish European population of the Exome Aggregation Consortium (2.70%, pamp;lt;0.001) and SweGen, (2.30%, pamp;lt;0.001). Our results give further support to the hypothesis that cardiac channelopathies might contribute to stillbirth. Screening for pathogenic SNVs in genes associated with heart disease might be a valuable complement for stillbirth cases where todays conventional investigation does not reveal the underlying cause of fetal demise.
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| 255. |
- Sallinger, Katja, et al.
(författare)
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Spatial tumour gene signature discriminates neoplastic from non-neoplastic compartments in colon cancer : unravelling predictive biomarkers for relapse
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Translational Medicine. - 1479-5876. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Opting for or against the administration of adjuvant chemotherapy in therapeutic management of stage II colon cancer remains challenging. Several studies report few survival benefits for patients treated with adjuvant therapy and additionally revealing potential side effects of overtreatment, including unnecessary exposure to chemotherapy-induced toxicities and reduced quality of life. Predictive biomarkers are urgently needed. We, therefore, hypothesise that the spatial tissue composition of relapsed and non-relapsed colon cancer stage II patients reveals relevant biomarkers.Methods: The spatial tissue composition of stage II colon cancer patients was examined by a novel spatial transcriptomics technology with sub-cellular resolution, namely in situ sequencing. A panel of 176 genes investigating specific cancer-associated processes such as apoptosis, proliferation, angiogenesis, stemness, oxidative stress, hypoxia, invasion and components of the tumour microenvironment was designed to examine differentially expressed genes in tissue of relapsed versus non-relapsed patients. Therefore, FFPE slides of 10 colon cancer stage II patients either classified as relapsed (5 patients) or non-relapsed (5 patients) were in situ sequenced and computationally analysed.Results: We identified a tumour gene signature that enables the subclassification of tissue into neoplastic and non-neoplastic compartments based on spatial expression patterns obtained through in situ sequencing. We developed a computational tool called Genes-To-Count (GTC), which automates the quantification of in situ signals, accurately mapping their position onto the spatial tissue map and automatically identifies neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue compartments. The GTC tool was used to quantify gene expression of biological processes upregulated within the neoplastic tissue in comparison to non-neoplastic tissue and within relapsed versus non-relapsed stage II colon patients. Three differentially expressed genes (FGFR2, MMP11 and OTOP2) in the neoplastic tissue compartments of relapsed patients in comparison to non-relapsed patients were identified predicting recurrence in stage II colon cancer.Conclusions: In depth spatial in situ sequencing showed potential to provide a deeper understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved in the recurrence of disease and revealed novel potential predictive biomarkers for disease relapse in colon cancer stage II patients. Our open-access GTC-tool allowed us to accurately capture the tumour compartment and quantify spatial gene expression in colon cancer tissue.
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| 256. |
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| 257. |
- Sandmark, Hélène, 1951-, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding work ability : Experiences of female assistant nurses in elderly care
- 2009
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Ingår i: Work. - Amsterdam : IOS Press. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 34:3, s. 373-383
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Few studies to date have investigated retained work ability. The aim of this explorative study was to describe female assistant nurses’ experiences of high work attendance over the years. The setting is a municipality in mid-Sweden that employs 466 female assistant nurses permanently within municipal elderly care. A qualitative methodology was chosen and thematic, open-ended, interviews were carried out with 12 female assistant nurses. The interviewees were selected from the 117 women who had taken the least amount of sick leave over the past five years, which meant no sick leave at all or no more than 5 days. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and thereafter a content analysis was carried out. Three main themes connected with the aim of the study emerged from the interviews: “a desirable job, despite low status”, “supportive social networks”, and “coping ability”. In order to strengthen work ability among female employees in elderly care, the findings indicate that it is crucial to support mobility in working life, and to promote social support and networks at the workplace and in private life, as well as a coping-oriented approach to health issues and social life.
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| 258. |
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| 259. |
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| 260. |
- Sharma, Sushma, et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative analysis of nucleoside triphosphate pools in mouse muscle using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry detection
- 2023
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Ingår i: Mitochondrial DNA. - New York : Humana Press. - 9781071629215 - 9781071629222 ; , s. 267-280
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Defects in deoxyribonucleoside triphosphate (dNTP) metabolism are associated with a number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion syndromes (MDS). These disorders affect the muscles, liver, and brain, and the concentrations of dNTPs in these tissues are already normally low and are, therefore, difficult to measure. Thus, information about the concentrations of dNTPs in tissues of healthy animals and animals with MDS are important for mechanistic studies of mtDNA replication, analysis of disease progression, and the development of therapeutic interventions. Here, we present a sensitive method for the simultaneous analysis of all four dNTPs as well as all four ribonucleoside triphosphates (NTPs) in mouse muscles using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. The simultaneous detection of NTPs allows them to be used as internal standards for the normalization of dNTP concentrations. The method can be applied for measuring dNTP and NTP pools in other tissues and organisms.
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