| 2491. |
- Svensson, Lars, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Towards Supply-Grid-Based Derating of Timing Margins
- 2009
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In: 2009 IEEE Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects, SPI '09; Strasbourg; France; 12 May 2009 through 15 May 2009. - 9781424444892
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate the influence of a realistic supply voltage network on the timing margins for a commercially-available 32-bit processor chip. Detailed models of the supply network and switching activity produce a spatial map of the supply voltage waveforms. We relate these waveforms to the expected excess logic delays, and estimate the required derating of the critical setup paths.
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| 2492. |
- Svensson, Marcus, et al.
(author)
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Neuropeptidomics : expanding proteomics downwards.
- 2007
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In: Biochemical Society Transactions. - 0300-5127 .- 1470-8752. ; 35:3, s. 588-593
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biological function is mainly carried out by a dynamic population of proteins and peptides which may be used as markers for disease diagnosis, prognosis and as a guide for effective treatment. The study of proteins is called proteomics and it is generally performed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometric methods. However, gel-based proteomics is methodologically restricted from the low mass region, which includes important endogenous peptides. The study of endogenous peptides, peptidomics, is complicated by protein fragments produced post-mortem during conventional sample handling. Nanoflow liquid chromatography and MS, together with improved methods for sample preparation, have been used to semi-quantitatively monitor endogenous peptides in brain tissue. When rapidly heat-denatured brain tissue was analysed, these methods enabled simultaneous detection of hundreds of peptides and the identification of several endogenous peptides not previously described in the literature. In an application of the MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) model for Parkinson's disease, the expression of the small protein PEP-19 was compared with controls. The levels were found to be significantly decreased in the striatum of MPTP-treated animals.
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| 2493. |
- Svensson, Per-Arne, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Gene expression in human brown adipose tissue.
- 2011
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In: International journal of molecular medicine. - : Spandidos Publications. - 1791-244X .- 1107-3756. ; 27:2, s. 227-32
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has profound effects on body weight and metabolism in rodents. Recent reports show that human adults have significant amounts of BAT. Our aim was to study the gene expression profile of human BAT. Biopsies of adipose tissue with brown-red color and subcutaneous white adipose tissue (WAT) were obtained from 24 patients undergoing surgery in the thyroid region. Intrascapular BAT and epididymal WAT biopsies were obtained from 10 mice. Expression was analyzed by DNA microarray, real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Using the expression of the brown adipocyte-specific gene uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) as a marker, approximately half of the human brown-red adipose tissue biopsies taken in the thyroid region contained BAT, and the presence of cells with brown adipocyte morphology was also verified by histology. Microarray analysis of 9 paired human BAT and WAT samples showed that 17 genes had at least a 4-fold higher expression in BAT compared to WAT and five of them (CKMT1, KCNK3, COBL, HMGCS2, TGM2) were verified using real-time PCR (P<0.05 for all). In addition, immunohistochemistry showed that the UCP1, KCNK3 and CKMT1 proteins are expressed in brown adipocytes. Except for UCP1 and KCNK3, the genes overexpressed in human BAT were not overexpressed in mouse BAT compared to mouse WAT. Our analysis identified genes that are differentially expressed in human BAT compared to WAT. The results also show that there are species-specific differences in BAT gene expression and this emphasizes the need for further molecular characterization of human BAT to clarify the mechanisms involved in regulated heat production in humans.
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| 2494. |
- Svensson, Per-Olof, et al.
(author)
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A sensor circuit using reference-based conductance switching in organic electrochemical transistors
- 2008
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In: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 93:20, s. 203301-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using organic electrochemical transistors as sensors, the sample-receptor reaction often induces moderate changes only in the drain current dynamics as the gate voltage level is switched. Here, we report an electrochemical sensor circuit including electrochemical transistors based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) doped with polystyrenesulfonate that puts out a static sensor response signal. The circuit includes a sample and a reference transistor that are both driven in the resistive mode at 0.1 V. Measurements were performed on aqueous salt electrolytes ranging from 100 to 500 mM concentrations. The signal-ON sensor circuit provides a tenfold increase in the sensitivity as compared to single transistor sensors.
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| 2495. |
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| 2496. |
- Svensson, Tobias, et al.
(author)
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Conjugated Pneumococcal Vaccine Triggers a Better Immune Response than Polysaccharide Pneumococcal Vaccine in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia : A Randomized Study by the Swedish CLL group
- 2018
-
In: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-410X .- 1873-2518. ; 36:25, s. 3701-3707
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To determine if patients with untreated chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) benefit from vaccination with a 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13), Prevenar13®, compared with a 23-valent capsular polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23), Pneumovax®, in terms of immune response. Background: Patients with CLL have an increased risk for infection and Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens with high morbidity. Patients with CLL are known to respond poorly to the traditionally used polysaccharide vaccines. Conjugation of polysaccharide to protein carriers renders a thymus-dependent, memory-inducing and more immunogenic vaccine. In patients with CLL, there is no consensus on a recommendation for pneumococcal vaccination, due to a lack of comparative studies. Methods: 128 treatment naïve CLL patients from eight hematology clinics in Sweden were randomized to vaccination with PCV13 (n=63) or PPSV23 (n=65) after stratification by IgG levels and CLL clinical stage (Rai). Blood samples for evaluation of immune response were obtained at baseline, at one and at six months after vaccination. Analyses for each of the 12 pneumococcal serotypes common for PCV13 and PPSV23 were performed by opsonophagocytic assay (OPA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: PCV13 elicited a superior immune response than PPSV23 in 10/12 serotypes one month after vaccination and in 5/12 serotypes six months after vaccination, measured as OPA geometric mean titers (GMTs). Geometric mean concentrations of serotype-specific IgG antibodies elicited by PCV13 as measured by ELISA, were higher than those elicited by PPSV23 in half of the common serotypes, both after one and six months. The proportion of patients with good response (defined as response in 8 of 12 common serotypes according to predefined response criteria) was higher in PCV13 recipients than in PPSV23 recipients after one month (40% vs. 22%, p=0.034) as well as after six months (33% vs. 17%, p=0.041). Never did PPSV23 trigger a better immune response for any of the serotypes, than PCV13, regardless of analysis. For two of the serotypes, OPA GMTs were lower at the six months than at the one-month follow up. Negative predictive factors for vaccination response were hypogammaglobulinemia and long disease duration. Both vaccines were well tolerated. Conclusions: In patients with previously untreated CLL, the efficacy of PCV13 in terms of immune response is superior to PPSV23 for many serotypes common for the two vaccines. PCV13 should be considered as a part in vaccination programs against Streptococcus pneumoniae for these patients and administered as early as possible during the course of the disease.
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| 2497. |
- Svetoft, Ingrid, 1959-, et al.
(author)
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Rapport 2014 – den goda och hållbara plan- och byggprocessen
- 2014
-
Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Det finns flera olika anledningar till att förstudien “Den goda och hållbara plan-och byggprocessen” startades upp under våren 2014. Ett flertal aktiviter arrangerade av det halländska företagsnätverket Energi-och Miljöcentrum (EMC) i Varberg har sammanfört ett antal olika aktörer som annars inte vanligtvis möts. I dessa möten har idéer och inspirerande samtal förts som lett till en gemensam vilja att samverka i olika frågor. I denna rapport beskrivs bakgrund och genomförande av förstudien samt några sammanfattande resultat. Ett antal reflektioner om framtida möjligheter presenteras i slutet av rapporten. Alexandersoninstitutet har med sitt uppdrag gett möjligheten till oss på Högskolan i Halmstad att samordna ett antal möten och problemformulera processer och dialoger med koppling planering och byggande. Uppdraget har finansierats av Europeiska Regionalfonden via projektet Efterfrågad Utveckling. Resultatet har blivit ett antal temaformuleringar och case som nu kan användas för fortsatt arbete med forskningsansökningar och spridning av erfarenheter.
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| 2498. |
- Swales, John G., et al.
(author)
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Mass Spectrometry Imaging of Cassette-Dosed Drugs for Higher Throughput Pharmacokinetic and Biodistribution Analysis
- 2014
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In: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 86:16, s. 8473-8480
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cassette dosing of compounds for preclinical drug plasma pharmacokinetic analysis has been shown to be a powerful strategy within the pharmaceutical industry for increasing throughput while decreasing the number of animals used. Presented here for the first time is data on the application of a cassette dosing strategy for label-free tissue distribution studies. The aim of the study was to image the spatial distribution of eight nonproprietary drugs (haloperidol, bufuralol, midazolam, clozapine, terfenadine, erlotinib, olanzapine, and moxifloxacin) in multiple tissues after oral and intravenous cassette dosing (four compounds per dose route). An array of mass spectrometry imaging technologies, including matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI MSI), liquid extraction surface analysis tandem mass spectrometry (LESA-MS/MS), and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI-MS) was used. Tissue analysis following intravenous and oral administration of discretely and cassette-dosed compounds demonstrated similar relative abundances across a range of tissues indicating that a cassette dosing approach was applicable. MALDI MSI was unsuccessful in detecting all of the target compounds; therefore, DESI MSL a complementary mass spectrometry imaging technique, was used to detect additional target compounds. In addition, by adapting technology used for tissue profiling (LESA-MS/MS) low spatial resolution mass spectrometry imaging (similar to 1 mm) was possible for all targets across all tissues. This study exemplifies the power of multiplatform MSI analysis within a pharmaceutical research and development (R&D) environment. Furthermore, we have illustrated that the cassette dosing approach can be readily applied to provide combined, label-free pharmacokinetic and drug distribution data at an early stage of the drug discovery/development process while minimizing animal usage.
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| 2499. |
- Swales, John G., et al.
(author)
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Quantitation of Endogenous Metabolites in Mouse Tumors Using Mass-Spectrometry Imaging
- 2018
-
In: Analytical Chemistry. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 90:10, s. 6051-6058
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Described is a quantitative-mass-spectrometry-imaging (qMSI) methodology for the analysis of lactate and glutamate distributions in order to delineate heterogeneity among mouse tumor models used to support drug-discovery efficacy testing. We evaluate and report on preanalysis-stabilization methods aimed at improving the reproducibility and efficiency of quantitative assessments of endogenous molecules in tissues. Stability experiments demonstrate that optimum stabilization protocols consist of frozen-tissue embedding, post-tissue-sectioning desiccation, and storage at -80 degrees C of tissue sections sealed in vacuum-tight containers. Optimized stabilization protocols are used in combination with qMSI methodology for the absolute quantitation of lactate and glutamate in tumors, incorporating the use of two different stable-isotope-labeled versions of each analyte and spectral-clustering performed on each tissue section using k-means clustering to allow region-specific, pixel-by-pixel quantitation. Region-specific qMSI was used to screen different tumor models and identify a phenotype that has low lactate heterogeneity, which will enable accurate measurements of lactate modulation in future drug-discovery studies. We conclude that using optimized qMSI protocols, it is possible to quantify endogenous metabolites within tumors, and region-specific quantitation can provide valuable insight into tissue heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment.
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| 2500. |
- Swärd, Karl, et al.
(author)
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Inhibition of polyamine synthesis influences contractility of intestinal smooth muscle in culture
- 1997
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In: American Journal of Physiology: Cell Physiology. - 1522-1563. ; 273:1, s. 77-84
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Smooth muscle strips from guinea pig ileum were cultured for 5 days and then tested for contractile properties to investigate whether endogenous polyamines influence excitation-contraction coupling. Inhibition of spermidine and spermine synthesis by culture in the presence of the adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (EC4.1.1.50) inhibitor CGP-48664 (1-10 microM) decreased spermidine and spermine levels by 50% and increased putrescine by 20-fold. After culture with 10 microM, but not 1 microM, CGP-48664, the relationship between extracellular Ca2+ concentration and force in high K(+)-depolarized strips was shifted to the right, and phasic contractile activity as well as sensitivity to muscarinic stimulation was enhanced. When spermidine and spermine (each 50 microM) were available for cellular uptake during culture in the presence of 10 microM CGP-48664, spermidine and spermine concentrations were increased, and the effect on Ca2+ sensitivity was reversed. In strips cultured with 0 or 1 microM CGP-48664 in the presence of 50 microM spermidine and 50 microM spermine, no effect on Ca2+ sensitivity was observed. Force development relative to intracellular Ca2+ concentration was decreased in CGP-48664 (10 microM)-treated strips. The results suggest that endogenous polyamines influence excitation-contraction coupling in smooth muscle, although overall tissue concentrations may not reflect the polyamine pools responsible for this effect.
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