| 51. |
- Duan, Shengchao, et al.
(författare)
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Manufacturing an ultra-low-sulfur CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy by slagging through induction melting with ferroalloys feedstock
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 928, s. 167080-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Commercial ferroalloys are used in the manufacturing of a CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) due to their price advantage and the productivity of the manufacturing process. However, elemental impurities such as sulfur in ferroalloys can undermine the mechanical properties of HEAs. Therefore, the desulfurization behavior of a CoCrFeMnNi HEA using the CaO-MgO-Al2O3 (CAM) slagging method with alumina or magnesia refractories and ferroalloys raw material feedstock was investigated in an induction melting furnace at 1773 K to determine how to control the cleanness of the HEA. The resulting desulfurization ratios of the alloy were approx. 47% when refined by the CaAl2O4-MgAl2O4(CA-MA)-saturated slag in an Al2O3 refractory, whereas 94% when refined by the CaO-MgO(C-M)-saturated slag in a MgO refractory. The overall mass transfer coefficients of sulfur for the HEA refined by the CA-MA- and C-M-saturated slags at 1773 K were ko = 1.4 x 10 6 m/s and ko = 2.0 x 10 6 m/s, respectively, which are lower than the coefficients of iron- and nickel-based alloys at the same experimental conditions. The MnS inclusion particles can precipitate in the mushy zone rather than the liquid region when the solid fraction is close to 1.0, i.e., at the final stage of the solidification. The theoretical radius of MnS increases from 0 to 1.6 mu m when the sulfur content rises from 3 ppm to 60 ppm, according to the hypothesis that the mass transfer of sulfur in the HEA is the rate-controlling step.
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| 52. |
- Duan, Shengchao, et al.
(författare)
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Novel applications of ferroalloys for manufacturing of ultra-clean CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy by slagging method
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 939
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study provides a benchmark of a sustainable solution utilizing ferroalloys to prepare ultra-clean CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy alloy (HEA). The designed CaO-MgO-Al2O3 slags saturated with CaAl2O4-MgAl2O4 (CA-MA, Slag A) and CaO-MgO (C-M, Slag M) were used to refine the HEA in Al2O3 and MgO refractory in an induction furnace under high-purity Ar atmosphere at 1773 K. The characteristics of non-metallic inclusions in the sampled HEA at different time intervals were quantitatively investigated. The results showed that three types of inclusions, i.e., sulfide (MnS), oxide, and complex type (oxide+sulfide), were found in the HEA regardless of refractory and slag types. The oxide inclusions such as MnAl2O4 and MgAl2O4 spinel particles can exist stably in the HEA melted in Al2O3 and MgO refractories with slag A and slag M, respectively. This fact is also confirmed not only by the electrolytic extraction method with elimination of the alloy matrix affection but also by the thermodynamic stability diagram for the HEA. For the structure of the complex inclusions, the core of oxide inclusions usually can act as the subsequent nucleation site for MnS since the precipitation temperature of the oxide inclusions (above the liquidus temperature of the HEA, TL approximately equal to 1623 K) is higher than that of MnS (below the solidus temperature of the HEA, TS approximately equal to 1573 K). The HEA melted in the MgO refractory with slag M had a higher cleanliness compared with that melted in the Al2O3 refractory with slag A, indicating that the MgO refractory with C-M saturated CaO-MgO-Al2O3 slag is suitable for producing an ultra-clean CoCrFeMnNi HEA prepared by the ferroalloys feedstock as the raw materials.
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| 53. |
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Eswaraiah, Chakali, et al.
(författare)
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The JCMT BISTRO Survey: Revealing the Diverse Magnetic Field Morphologies in Taurus Dense Cores with Sensitive Submillimeter Polarimetry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal Letters. - : American Astronomical Society. - 2041-8213 .- 2041-8205. ; 912:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have obtained sensitive dust continuum polarization observations at 850 μm in the B213 region of Taurus using POL-2 on SCUBA-2 at the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope as part of the B-fields in STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. These observations allow us to probe magnetic field (B-field) at high spatial resolution (∼2000 au or ∼0.01 pc at 140 pc) in two protostellar cores (K04166 and K04169) and one prestellar core (Miz-8b) that lie within the B213 filament. Using the Davis-Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, we estimate the B-field strengths in K04166, K04169, and Miz-8b to be 38 ± 14, 44 ± 16, and 12 ± 5 μG, respectively. These cores show distinct mean B-field orientations. The B-field in K04166 is well ordered and aligned parallel to the orientations of the core minor axis, outflows, core rotation axis, and large-scale uniform B-field, in accordance with magnetically regulated star formation via ambipolar diffusion taking place in K04166. The B-field in K04169 is found to be ordered but oriented nearly perpendicular to the core minor axis and large-scale B-field and not well correlated with other axes. In contrast, Miz-8b exhibits a disordered B-field that shows no preferred alignment with the core minor axis or large-scale field. We found that only one core, K04166, retains a memory of the large-scale uniform B-field. The other two cores, K04169 and Miz-8b, are decoupled from the large-scale field. Such a complex B-field configuration could be caused by gas inflow onto the filament, even in the presence of a substantial magnetic flux.
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| 56. |
- Fan, Yongzhen, et al.
(författare)
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OC-SMART : A machine learning based data analysis platform for satellite ocean color sensors
- 2021
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Ingår i: Remote Sensing of Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0034-4257 .- 1879-0704. ; 253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We introduce a new platform, Ocean Color - Simultaneous Marine and Aerosol Retrieval Tool (OC-SMART), for analysis of data obtained by satellite ocean color sensors. OC-SMART is a multi-sensor data analysis platform which supports heritage, current, and possible future multi-spectral and hyper-spectral sensors from US, EU, Korea, Japan, and China, including SeaWiFS, Aqua/MODIS, SNPP/VIIRS, ISS/HICO, Landsat8/OLI, DSCOVR/EPIC, Sentinel-2/MSI, Sentinel-3/OLCI, COMS/GOCI, GCOM-C/SGLI and FengYun-3D/MERSI2. The products provided by OC-SMART include spectral normalized remote sensing reflectances (R-rs values), chlorophyll_a (CHL) concentrations, and spectral in-water inherent optical properties (IOPs) including absorption coefficients due to phytoplankton (a(ph)), absorption coefficients due to detritus and Gelbstoff (a(dg)) and backscattering coefficients due to particulates (b(bp)). Spectral aerosol optical depths (AODs) and cloud mask results are also provided by OC-SMART. The goal of OC-SMART is to improve the quality of global ocean color products retrieved from satellite sensors, especially under complex environmental conditions, such as coastal/inland turbid water areas and heavy aerosol loadings. Therefore, the atmospheric correction (AC) and ocean IOP algorithms in OC-SMART are driven by extensive radiative transfer (RT) simulations in conjunction with powerful machine learning techniques. To simulate top of the atmosphere (TOA) radiances, we solve the radiative transfer equation pertinent for the coupled atmosphere-ocean system. For each sensor, we have created about 13 million RT simulations and comprehensive training datasets to support the development of the machine learning AC and in-water IOP algorithms. The results, as demonstrated in this paper, are very promising. Not only does OC-SMART improve the quality of the retrieved water products, it also resolves the negative water-leaving radiance problem that has plagued heritage AC algorithms. The comprehensive training datasets created using multiple atmosphere, aerosol, and ocean IOP models ensure global and generic applicability of OC-SMART. The use of machine learning algorithms makes OC-SMART roughly 10 times faster than NASA's SeaDAS platform. OC-SMART also includes an advanced cloud screening algorithm and is resilient to the contamination by weak to moderate sunglint and cloud edges. It is therefore capable of recovering large amounts of data that are discarded by other algorithms (such as those implemented in NASA's SeaDAS package), especially in coastal areas. OC-SMART is currently available as a standalone Python package or as a plugin that can be installed in ESA's Sentinel Application Platform (SNAP).
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| 57. |
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| 58. |
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| 59. |
- Giri, Asis, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of bubble dynamics in explosive boiling of droplet with fine fragmentation
- 2005
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Ingår i: Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0894-1777 .- 1879-2286. ; 29:3, s. 295-303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- If a high temperature liquid comes into contact with cold and volatile liquid, rapid (or explosive) evaporation may occur spontaneously or triggered by the impact of a pressure wave. This event generating a shock wave is called a steam explosion. It involves many multiphase flow and heat transfer phenomena. One of the more important phenomena in a steam explosion is the fine fragmentation of the hot liquid, which determines the explosive heat transfer from the hot liquid to the cold liquid and the vaporisation rate of the cold liquid. When a small hot single drop (similar to1 mm) interacts with the coolant, a vapour bubble is formed around the drop. It was observed experimentally that these vapour bubbles grow and collapse. During this process, the small hot droplet fragments and generates finer particles. To understand the fine fragmentation process during a steam explosion, in this study, this phenomenon was examined by using non-linear stability analysis of vapour bubble dynamics based on a concept developed by Inoue et al. [Chem. Eng. Commun. 118 (1992) 189]. From the analysis, it was observed that higher spherical modes were very much unstable during collapse process, which decided the size of the fragmented particles. Vapour shell between molten metal and coolant was considered unstable if the amplitude of one of the spherical modes was greater than vapour shell thickness. In addition, the mass of fragmented particles during each cycle of vapour bubble dynamics was predicted from the analysis. The calculated results were found to be in reasonable agreement with the previously reported [J. Non-Equil. Thermodyn. 13 (1988) 27] experimental results.
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| 60. |
- Grever, Michael R., et al.
(författare)
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Consensus guidelines for the diagnosis and management of patients with classic hairy cell leukemia
- 2017
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Ingår i: Blood. - : American Society of Hematology. - 0006-4971 .- 1528-0020. ; 129:5, s. 553-560
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hairy cell leukemia is an uncommon hematologic malignancy characterized by pancytopenia and marked susceptibility to infection. Tremendous progress in the management of patients with this disease has resulted in high response rates and improved survival, yet relapse and an appropriate approach to retreatment present continuing areas for research. The disease and its effective treatment are associated with immunosuppression. Because more patients are being treated with alternative programs, comparison of results will require general agreement on definitions of response, relapse, and methods of determining minimal residual disease. The development of internationally accepted, reproducible criteria is of paramount importance in evaluating and comparing clinical trials to provide optimal care. Despite the success achieved in managing these patients, continued participation in available clinical trials in the firstline and particularly in the relapse setting is highly recommended. The Hairy Cell Leukemia Foundation convened an international conference to provide common definitions and structure to guide current management. There is substantial opportunity for continued research in this disease. In addition to the importance of optimizing the prevention and management of the serious risk of infection, organized evaluations of minimal residual disease and treatment at relapse offer ample opportunities for clinical research. Finally, a scholarly evaluation of quality of life in the increasing number of survivors of this now manageable chronic illness merits further study. The development of consensus guidelines for this disease offers a framework for continued enhancement of the outcome for patients.
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