| 171. |
- Patel, Riyaz S., et al.
(författare)
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Subsequent Event Risk in Individuals With Established Coronary Heart Disease : Design and Rationale of the GENIUS-CHD Consortium
- 2019
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Ingår i: Circulation. - 2574-8300. ; 12:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The Genetics of Subsequent Coronary Heart Disease (GENIUS-CHD) consortium was established to facilitate discovery and validation of genetic variants and biomarkers for risk of subsequent CHD events, in individuals with established CHD.METHODS: The consortium currently includes 57 studies from 18 countries, recruiting 185 614 participants with either acute coronary syndrome, stable CHD, or a mixture of both at baseline. All studies collected biological samples and followed-up study participants prospectively for subsequent events.RESULTS: Enrollment into the individual studies took place between 1985 to present day with a duration of follow-up ranging from 9 months to 15 years. Within each study, participants with CHD are predominantly of self-reported European descent (38%-100%), mostly male (44%-91%) with mean ages at recruitment ranging from 40 to 75 years. Initial feasibility analyses, using a federated analysis approach, yielded expected associations between age (hazard ratio, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.14-1.16) per 5-year increase, male sex (hazard ratio, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.13-1.21) and smoking (hazard ratio, 1.43; 95% CI, 1.35-1.51) with risk of subsequent CHD death or myocardial infarction and differing associations with other individual and composite cardiovascular endpoints.CONCLUSIONS: GENIUS-CHD is a global collaboration seeking to elucidate genetic and nongenetic determinants of subsequent event risk in individuals with established CHD, to improve residual risk prediction and identify novel drug targets for secondary prevention. Initial analyses demonstrate the feasibility and reliability of a federated analysis approach. The consortium now plans to initiate and test novel hypotheses as well as supporting replication and validation analyses for other investigators.
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| 172. |
- Pedersen, Anders F., et al.
(författare)
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Operando XAS Study of the Surface Oxidation State on a Monolayer IrOx, on RuOx and Ru Oxide Based Nanoparticles for Oxygen Evolution in Acidic Media
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-6106 .- 1520-5207. ; 122:2, s. 878-887
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein we present surface sensitive operando XAS L-edge measurements on IrOx/RuO2 thin films as well as mass-selected RuOx and Ru nanoparticles. We observed shifts of the white line XAS peak toward higher energies with applied electrochemical potential. Apart from the case of the metallic Ru nanoparticles, the observed potential dependencies were purely core-level shifts caused by a change in oxidation state, which indicates no structural changes. These findings can be explained by different binding energies of oxygenated species on the surface of IrOx and RuOx. Simulated XAS spectra show that the average Ir oxidation state change is strongly affected by the coverage of atomic O. The observed shifts in oxidation state suggest that the surface has a high coverage of O at potentials just below the potential where oxygen evolution is exergonic in free energy. This observation is consistent with the notion that the metal-oxygen bond is stronger than ideal.
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| 173. |
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| 174. |
- Pedersen, Birgitte Stougaard, et al.
(författare)
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Reading and the senses : cultural and technological perspectives
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Digital Reading Condition. - London : Routledge. - 9781032078120 - 9781032075761 - 9781003211662 ; , s. 59-67
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The concept of deep reading is defined as the application of higher-order thinking skills to the process of reading. It includes analogical skills, critical analysis, reflection, and insight. Deep reading is also often associated with particular media, primarily printed books, preferably certain kinds of literature. This chapter discusses some of the prevalent ideas surrounding notions of focused, critical and valued reading modes and how these are connected to media technologies, implicitly or explicitly. Some scholars, such as Nicholas Carr, have suggested that digital media in general and the kinds of distracted, quick, or hypertextual reading that the Internet provides in particular are detrimental to our ability to focus and engage deeply. Within media studies, however, research has pointed to other equally important aspects of engagement that must be redefined so as not to be inextricably linked to a particular medium or genre.
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| 175. |
- Pedersen, Christian, et al.
(författare)
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Nanoscale Size Control of Protein Aggregates
- 2013
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Ingår i: Small. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1613-6810 .- 1613-6829. ; 9:19, s. 3320-3326
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Herein, a novel method to synthesize soluble, sub-micrometer sized protein aggregates is demonstrated by mixing native and denatured proteins without using bacteria and contaminating proteins. Ovalbumin (OVA) is employed as a model protein. The average size of the formed aggregates can be controlled by adjusting the fraction of denatured protein in the sample and it is possible to make unimodal size distributions of protein aggregates. OVA aggregates with a size of ∼95 nm are found to be more immunogenic compared to native OVA in a murine splenocyte proliferation assay. These results suggest that the novel method of engineering size specific sub-micrometer sized aggregates may constitute a potential route to increasing the efficacy of protein vaccines. The protein aggregates may also be promising for use in other applications including the surface functionalization of biomaterials and as industrial catalysis materials.
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| 176. |
- Pedersen, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Somatic disease in survivors of childhood malignant bone tumors in the nordic countries
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cancers. - : MDPI AG. - 2072-6694. ; 13:18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Survivors of malignant bone tumors in childhood are at risk of long-term adverse health effects. We comprehensively reviewed cases of somatic diseases that required a hospital contact in survivors of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. In a population-based cohort study, 620 five-year survivors of osteosarcoma (n = 440) or Ewing sarcoma (n = 180), diagnosed before the age of 20 years in Denmark, Finland, Iceland, and Sweden during 1943–2008, were followed in the national hospital registers. Overall rates of hospital contacts for any somatic disease and for 12 main diagnostic groups and 120 specific disease categories were compared with those in a matched comparison cohort (n = 3049) randomly selected from the national population registers. The rate of hospital contact for any somatic disease was 80% higher in survivors of malignant bone tumors than in comparisons and remained elevated up to 30 years after diagnosis. The rate of hospital contacts was higher after Ewing sarcoma (rate ratio (RR) 2.24; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.76–2.85) than after osteosarcoma (RR 1.67; 95% CI 1.41–1.98). Elevated rates were observed for 11 main diagnostic groups, including infections, second malignant neoplasms, and diseases of the skin, bones, and circulatory, digestive, endocrine, and urinary systems. Survivors of malignant bone tumors in childhood are at increased risk of somatic diseases many years after diagnosis. This comprehensive study contributes new insight into the risk of late effects in survivors of osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma, which is an essential basis for optimal patient counseling and follow-up care.
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| 177. |
- Pedersen, Christian, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Surface transition on ice induced by the formation of a grain boundary
- 2011
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 6:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Interfaces between individual ice crystals, usually referred to as grain boundaries, play an important part in many processes in nature. Grain boundary properties are, for example, governing the sintering processes in snow and ice which transform a snowpack into a glacier. In the case of snow sintering, it has been assumed that there are no variations in surface roughness and surface melting, when considering the ice-air interface of an individual crystal. In contrast to that assumption, the present work suggests that there is an increased probability of molecular surface disorder in the vicinity of a grain boundary. The conclusion is based on the first detailed visualization of the formation of an ice grain boundary. The visualization is enabled by studying ice crystals growing into contact, at temperatures between −20°C and −15°C and pressures of 1–2 Torr, using Environmental Scanning Electron Microscopy. It is observed that the formation of a grain boundary induces a surface transition on the facets in contact. The transition does not propagate across facet edges. The surface transition is interpreted as the spreading of crystal dislocations away from the grain boundary. The observation constitutes a qualitatively new finding, and can potentially increase the understanding of specific processes in nature where ice grain boundaries are involved.
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| 178. |
- Pedersen, Eja, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic pedestrian lighting: Effects on walking speed, legibility and environmental perception
- 2016
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Ingår i: Lighting Research and Technology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1477-1535 .- 1477-0938. ; , s. 522-536
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- LED technology provides new opportunities to change the illuminance on pedestrian pathways in response to the presence of people. This study explores possible effects of dimming as such on walking, legibility and perception. In an indoor full-scale laboratory, 61 participants walked along a 19-m pathway with a motion-detection sensor 10 m before an LED luminaire. The participants walked significantly slower under dimmed than static lighting conditions, even after the illuminance had increased. Legibility decreased with the extent of dimming. The larger the difference in illuminance between dimmed and full light, the stronger the self-reported reaction. The results indicate that changes in illuminance affect walking, and that legibility and perception are affected by the overall lighting design of pedestrian pathways rather than by dimming as such.
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| 179. |
- Pedersen, Eja, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of dynamic street lighting on walking speed and reading perfomance : a full-scale laboratory study
- 2015
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dynamic lighting systems are introduced in urban outdoor environments with the objective to reduce energy use. Effects on pedestrians are not fully known. Previous studies have mainly used observer assessment (Viliunas et al., 2014), and focused on perceived personal safety (Haans & de Kort, 2012) or acceptance (Boomsma & Steg, 2013). In this study, performance (walking speed and reading) was assessed in a full-scale laboratory arranged as an outdoor environment with a 19m pathway and a luminaire (LED). A movement detector was placed 10m before the luminaire. Participants (N = 61) walked the pathway at slower speed if the lighting was dimed, although light levels increased to 100% when they passed the sensor, than if the light level was held constant at 100% (F(4, 212) = 6.67, p<0.001, ω2 = 0.01). Consistently, the visibility was rated lower in the dimed than in the constant condition (F(4, 240) = 2.53, p<0.05, ω2 = 0.01). Reading performance decreased with increased dimming (F(2, 120) = 33.89, p<0.001, ω2 = 0.08), but was not influenced by previous diming in the 100% condition. The results imply that the effect on pedestrians’ performance should be weighed against energy usage in the introduction of dynamic outdoor lighting.
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| 180. |
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