| 41. |
- Sandin, Sven, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in Sweden, Denmark, and Finland from 1960 through 2003 : an epidemic that was
- 2006
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 15:7, s. 1295-1300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Reports during the early 1990s indicated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) as one of the most rapidly increasing malignancies. More recent trends remain poorly characterized, as do the underlying reasons for NHL time trends, in particular, the effect of changes in classification and registration of lymphoproliferative malignancies. Insights into the descriptive epidemiology of NHL may shed light upon its elusive etiology. Methods: We used data from the Swedish, Danish, and Finnish national cancer registers to assess the incidences of NHL and other lymphoproliferative malignancies between 1960 and 2004. Using Poisson regression, we estimated the annual rate of change in NHL incidence per decade by sex, age, and country. Results: In Sweden, Denmark, and Finland, the NHL incidence increased in both genders and all age categories by about 4% every year up until the early 1990s. Thereafter, the incidence increased at a slower rate (ages 60-79 years), stabilized (ages 50-59 and >= 80 years), and decreased (ages 0-49 years), respectively, similarly for males and females in the three countries. Time trends of NHL were not reciprocated and explained by trends for other lymphoproliferative malignancies nor explained by trends in NHL as secondary primaries or NHL diagnosed postmortem. Conclusions: The epidemic increase of NHL has recently subsided. Changes in the classification of lymphoproliferative malignancies, or occurrence of NHL as second primaries, only offer a marginal explanation.
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| 42. |
- Schock, Helena, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Early pregnancy IGF-I and placental GH and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer : A nested case-control study
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 137:2, s. 439-447
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) signaling may promote ovarian tumor development by exerting mitotic, antiapoptotic and proangiogenic effects. During pregnancy, maternal production of IGF-I is regulated by placental growth hormone (GH). Parity is an established protective factor for ovarian cancer, however, no prior study has evaluated placental GH and IGF-I in pregnancy and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Prior prospective studies on the association between IGF-I and EOC in nonpregnant populations were inconclusive and did not address associations in subtypes of EOC. Among members of the Finnish Maternity Cohort and the Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort, we identified 1,045 EOC cases, diagnosed after recruitment (1975-2008) and before March 2011 and 2,658 individually matched controls. Placental GH and IGF-I were measured in serum from the last pregnancy before EOC diagnosis or selection as control. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for tertiles and a doubling of hormone concentrations. Higher IGF-I was associated with a nonsignificant decrease in risk for invasive [ORT3 vs. T1 : 0.79 (0.62-1.02); ptrend = 0.07] and endometrioid tumors [ORT3 vs. T1 : 0.55 (0.28-1.07); ptrend = 0.07]. The protective association between higher IGF-I levels and risk of invasive EOC was stronger in analyses limited to women aged <55 years at diagnosis [ORT3 vs. T1 : 0.74 (0.57-0.96); ptrend = 0.03]. Our study provides the first data on placental GH and IGF-I in pregnancy and EOC risk overall and by subtype. Our data suggest higher IGF-I levels in pregnancy may be associated with lower risk of invasive and endometrioid EOC.
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| 43. |
- Schock, Helena, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Early pregnancy sex steroids and maternal risk of epithelial ovarian cancer
- 2014
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Ingår i: Endocrine-Related Cancer. - : Society for Endocrinology. - 1351-0088 .- 1479-6821. ; 21:6, s. 831-844
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Well-established associations between reproductive characteristics and epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) support an involvement of sex steroid hormones in the etiology of EOC. Limited previous studies have evaluated circulating androgens and the risk of EOC, and estrogens and progesterone have been investigated in only one of the previous studies. Furthermore, there is little data on potential heterogeneity in the association between circulating hormones and EOC by histological subgroup. Therefore, we conducted a nested case-control study within the Finnish Maternity Cohort and the Northern Sweden Maternity Cohort to investigate the associations between circulating pre-diagnostic sex steroid concentrations and the histological subtypes of EOC. We identified 1052 EOC cases among cohort members diagnosed after recruitment (1975-2008) and before March 2011. Up to three controls were individually matched to each case (n=2694). Testosterone, androstenedione, 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP), progesterone, estradiol (E-2), and sex hormone-binding globulin levels were measured in serum samples collected during the last pregnancy before EOC diagnosis. We used conditional logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Associations between hormones and EOC differed with respect to tumor histology and invasiveness. Sex steroid concentrations were not associated with invasive serous tumors; however, doubling of testosterone and 17-OHP concentration was associated with approximately 40% increased risk of borderline serous tumors. A doubling of androgen concentrations was associated with a 50% increased risk of mucinous tumors. The risk of endometrioid tumors increased with higher E-2 concentrations (OR: 1.89 (1.20-2.98)). This large prospective study in pregnant women supports a role of sex steroid hormones in the etiology of EOC arising in the ovaries.
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| 44. |
- Stevens, Richard G., et al.
(författare)
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Considerations of circadian impact for defining 'shift work' in cancer studies : IARC Working Group Report.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 68:2, s. 154-162
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the idea that electric light at night might account for a portion of the high and rising risk of breast cancer worldwide, it was predicted long ago that women working a non-day shift would be at higher risk compared with day-working women. This hypothesis has been extended more recently to prostate cancer. On the basis of limited human evidence and sufficient evidence in experimental animals, in 2007 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classified 'shift work that involves circadian disruption' as a probable human carcinogen, group 2A. A limitation of the epidemiological studies carried out to date is in the definition of 'shift work.' IARC convened a workshop in April 2009 to consider how 'shift work' should be assessed and what domains of occupational history need to be quantified for more valid studies of shift work and cancer in the future. The working group identified several major domains of non-day shifts and shift schedules that should be captured in future studies: (1) shift system (start time of shift, number of hours per day, rotating or permanent, speed and direction of a rotating system, regular or irregular); (2) years on a particular non-day shift schedule (and cumulative exposure to the shift system over the subject's working life); and (3) shift intensity (time off between successive work days on the shift schedule). The group also recognised that for further domains to be identified, more research needs to be conducted on the impact of various shift schedules and routines on physiological and circadian rhythms of workers in real-world environments.
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| 45. |
- Talibov, Madar, et al.
(författare)
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Occupation and Leukemia in Nordic Countries
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 1076-2752 .- 1536-5948. ; 54:12, s. 1527-1532
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: We studied occupational variation of the risk of acute myeloid leukemia, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and other leukemia in Nordic countries. Methods: The study cohort comprised 15 million persons older than 30 years who participated in the population censuses in 1960, 1970, 1980/1981, 1990, or all of these years in five Nordic countries. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were estimated for 53 occupations and one group of economically inactive persons. Results: Significantly increased risks were observed for acute myeloid leukemia among drivers (SIR = 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07-1.26) and food workers (SIR = 1.13; 95% CI, 1.01-1.27); for chronic lymphocytic leukemia among farmers (SIR = 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04-1.14) and clerical workers (SIR = 1.07; 95% CI, 1.01-1.14); and for other leukemia among seamen (SIR = 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.49), "other health workers" (SIR = 1.22; 95% CI, 1.02-1.47), chemical process workers (SIR = 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01-1.38), and sales agents (SIR = 1.15; 95% CI, 1.06-1.25). Conclusion: Observed modest occupational variation of leukemia risk might be associated with occupational or lifestyle factors.
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| 46. |
- Talibov, Madar, et al.
(författare)
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Occupational exposure to solvents and acute myeloid leukemia : a population-based, case-control study in four Nordic countries
- 2014
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment and Health. - : SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL WORK ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH. - 0355-3140 .- 1795-990X. ; 40:5, s. 511-517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective The aim of the current study was to assess the relation between occupational exposure to solvents and the risk of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods Altogether, this study comprises 15 332 incident cases of AML diagnosed in Finland, Norway, Sweden, and Iceland from 1961-2005 and 76 660 controls matched by year of birth, sex, and country. Occupational records were linked with Nordic Occupational Cancer Study job exposure matrix (JEM) to estimate quantitative values for 26 occupational exposure factors. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by using conditional logistic regression models. Results We did not observe statistically significantly increased risk for exposure to any of the solvents. HR estimates for high levels of toluene (HR 1.35, 95% CI 0.74-2.46), aromatic hydrocarbon solvents (ARHC) (HR 1.18, 95% CI 0.76-1.86), and moderate-to-high levels of trichloroethylene were slightly but non-significantly elevated. We did not observe an association between benzene exposure and AML in this study. Conclusions This study did not provide clear evidence for an association between occupational solvent exposure and AML. There was some indication for an excess risk in the groups of workers exposed to toluene, trichloroethylene, and ARHC.
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| 47. |
- Tedeschi, Rosamaria, et al.
(författare)
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Activation of maternal Epstein-Barr virus infection and risk of acute leukemia in the offspring
- 2007
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Ingår i: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 165:2, s. 134-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- After identifying an association between maternal Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) reactivation and acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the authors analyzed a nested case-control study within Finnish and Icelandic maternity cohorts with 7 million years of follow-up to confirm EBV's role in ALL. Offspring of 550,000 mothers were followed up to age 15 years during 1975-1997 by national cancer registries to identify leukemia cases. Mothers of cases and three quarters of matched mothers of controls were identified by national population registers. First-trimester sera from mothers of 304 ALL cases and 39 non-ALL cases and from 943 mothers of controls were analyzed for antibodies to viral capsid antigen, early antigen, and EBV transactivator protein ZEBRA. Relative risk, estimated as odds ratio (95% confidence interval), was adjusted for birth order and sibship size. Combining early antigen and/or ZEBRA immunoglobulin G antibodies with the presence of viral capsid antigen immunoglobulin M antibodies did not increase the estimate for ALL risk for viral capsid antigen immunoglobulin M alone (odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval: 1.2, 3.0). Both ZEBRA immunoglobulin G antibodies and viral capsid antigen immunoglobulin M antibodies were associated with an increased risk of non-ALL in the offspring (odds ratio = 4.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.3, 16; odds ratio = 5.6, 95% confidence interval: 1.1, 29, respectively), suggesting EBV reactivation in the mothers of non-ALL cases. EBV reactivation may be associated with a proportion of childhood leukemia.
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| 48. |
- Tedeschi, Rosamaria, et al.
(författare)
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No Risk of Maternal EBV Infection for Childhood Leukemia.
- 2009
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Ingår i: Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology. - 1538-7755. ; 18, s. 2790-2792
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed a large nested case-control study within the Finnish and Icelandic maternity cohorts to verify/falsify the association of maternal EBV infection with an increased risk of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in the offspring found in previous studies. All hematologic malignancies diagnosed among children born during 1983 to 2006 in Finland and 1997 to 2005 in Iceland were identified through national cancer registries. For each index mother of a leukemia case, three matched control mothers with cancer-free offspring were identified. First trimester sera from 561 ALL and 144 non-ALL index mothers and from 2,105 control mothers were analyzed for antibodies to EBV viral capsid antigen (IgG and IgM), early antigen (IgG) and ZEBRA protein (IgG). Conditional logistic regression-based estimates of odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for birth order and sib-ship size were calculated. Overall, there was no evidence of increased risk of ALL associated to EBV viral capsid antigen IgM (odds ratio, 0.9; 95% confidence interval, 0.5-1.8). The early antigen and ZEBRA antibodies (EBV reactivation markers) were also not associated with risk. The data argue against a role of EBV in ALL. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(10):OF1-3).
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| 49. |
- Toriola, Adetunji T, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I in pregnancy and maternal risk of breast cancer
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - : American Association for Cancer Research. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 20:8, s. 1798-1801
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Elevated serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I have been associated with increased risk of developing breast cancer. Previously, we reported a similar association in samples obtained during pregnancy. This study was conducted to further characterize the association of IGF-I during pregnancy with maternal breast cancer risk.METHODS: A case-control study was nested within the Finnish Maternity Cohort. The study was limited to primiparous women younger than 40 years, who donated blood samples during early (median, 12 weeks) pregnancy and delivered a single child at term. Seven hundred nineteen women with invasive breast cancer were eligible. Two controls (n = 1,434) were matched with each case on age and date at blood donation. Serum IGF-I concentration was measured using an Immulite 2000 analyzer. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs.RESULTS: No significant associations were observed between serum IGF-I concentrations and breast cancer risk in both the overall analysis (OR, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.80-1.47) and in analyses stratified by histologic subtype, lag time to cancer diagnosis, age at pregnancy, or age at diagnosis.CONCLUSION: There was no association between IGF-I and maternal breast cancer risk during early pregnancy in this large nested case-control study.IMPACT: Serum IGF-I concentrations during early pregnancy may not be related to maternal risk of developing breast cancer.
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| 50. |
- Toriola, Adetunji T, et al.
(författare)
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Determinants of maternal sex steroids during the first half of pregnancy
- 2011
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Ingår i: Obstetrics and Gynecology. - New York : Elsevier Science Publ. Co., Inc.. - 0029-7844 .- 1873-233X. ; 118:5, s. 1029-1036
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE:: To examine the associations of maternal and child characteristics with early pregnancy maternal concentrations of testosterone, androstenedione, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone, and estradiol (E2). METHODS:: We analyzed these hormones among 1,343 women with singleton pregnancies who donated serum samples to the Finnish Maternity Cohort from 1986 to 2006 during the first half of pregnancy (median 11 weeks). The associations of maternal and child characteristics with hormone concentrations were investigated by correlation and multivariable regression. RESULTS:: Women older than age 30 years had lower androgen and E2 but higher progesterone concentrations than women younger than that age. Multiparous women had 14% lower testosterone, 11% lower androstenedione and 17-hydroxyprogesterone, 9% lower progesterone, and 16% lower E2 concentrations compared with nulliparous women (all P<.05). Smoking mothers had 11%, 18%, and 8% higher testosterone, androstenedione, and 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels, respectively, but 10% lower progesterone compared with nonsmoking women (all P<.05). E2 concentrations were 9% higher (P<.05) among women with a female fetus compared with those with a male fetus. CONCLUSION:: Parity, smoking, and, to a lesser extent, maternal age and child sex are associated with sex steroid levels during the first half of a singleton pregnancy. The effects of smoking on the maternal hormonal environment and the possible long-term deleterious consequences on the fetus deserve further evaluation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE:: II.
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