| 41. |
- Lui, A. T. Y., et al.
(author)
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Prelude to THEMIS tail conjunction study
- 2007
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In: Annales Geophysicae. - 0992-7689 .- 1432-0576. ; 25:4, s. 1001-1009
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A close conjunction of several satellites (LANL, GOES. Polar. Geotail, and Cluster) distributed from the geostationary altitude to about 16 R-E downstream in the tail occurred during substorm activity as indicated by global auroral imaging and ground-based magnetometer data. This constellation of satellites resembles what is planned for the THEMIS (Time History of Events and Macroscopic Interactions during Substorms) mission to resolve the substorm controversy on the location of the substorm expansion onset region. In this article, we show in detail the dipolarization and dynamic changes seen by these satellites associated with two onsets of substorm intensification activity. In particular, we find that dipolarization at similar to 16 R-E downstream in the tail can occur with dawnward electric field and without plasma flow, just like some near-Earth dipolarization events reported previously. The spreading of substorm disturbances in the tail coupled with complementary ground observations indicates that the observed time sequence on the onsets of substorm disturbances favors initiation in the near-Earth region for this THEMIS-like conjunction.
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| 42. |
- Marchaudon, A., et al.
(author)
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Simultaneous double star and cluster ftes observations on the dawnside flank of the magnetosphere
- 2006
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In: Eur Space Agency Spec Publ ESA SP. - 929092909X - 9789290929093 ; , s. 163-170
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present Cluster and Double Star-1 (TC-1) observations from a close magnetic conjunction on May 8, 2004. The five spacecraft were on the dawnside flank of the magnetosphere, with TC-1 located near the equatorial plane and Cluster at higher geographic latitudes in the southern hemisphere. TC-1, at its apogee, skimmed the magnetopause for almost 8 hours (between 08:00-16:00 UT). Flux Transfer Events (FTEs), moving southward/tailward from the reconnection site, were observed by TC-1 throughout almost all of the period. Cluster, travelling on a mainly dawn-dusk trajectory, crossed the magnetopause at around 10:30 UT in the same Magnetic Local Time (MLT) sector as TC-1 and remained close to the magnetopause boundary layer in the southern hemisphere. The four Cluster spacecraft observed FTEs for a period of 6.5 hours between 07:30 and 14:00 UT. From the properties of these FTEs, the reconnection site was located northward of both TC-1 and Cluster on the dawn flank of the magnetosphere. Reconnection occurred between draped magnetosheath and closed magnetospheric field lines. Despite variable interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) conditions and IMF-B z turnings, the IMF clock-angle remained greater than 70° and the location site appeared to remain relatively stable in position during the whole period. This result is in agreement with previous studies which reported that the dayside reconnection remained active for an IMF clock-angle greater than 70°. The simultaneous observation of FTEs at both Cluster and TC-1, separated by 2 hours in MLT, implies that the reconnection site on the magnetopause must have been extended over several hours in MLT. This event has been already presented in more details in [1].
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Motoba, T., et al.
(author)
-
In situ evidence for interplanetary magnetic field induced tail twisting associated with relative displacement of conjugate auroral features
- 2011
-
In: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 116, s. A04209-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We provide in situ evidence for a twisted near-Earth tail configuration that is responsible for the time sequence of conjugate auroral features associated with relative interhemispheric displacement during a weak substorm, as reported by Motoba et al. (2010). We analyzed the magnetic field data observed using four Cluster satellites in the vicinity of 11-14 R-E central downtail, in close conjunction with the Iceland-Syowa conjugate optical auroral features. Interestingly, we found that the variations in the magnetic field y component (B-y) at all satellites correlated moderately well with the variations in the time-shifted interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle (theta(CA)). The correlation coefficients (0.56 similar to 0.61) between the B-y field at Cluster and IMF theta(CA) peaked at a time delay of 52 +/- 1 min from the dayside magnetopause, probably corresponding to the time scale for the reconfiguration of the IMF theta(CA) related B-y field in the near-Earth tail. The IMF theta(CA) related B-y variation at Cluster, regarded as a manifestation of the twisting magnetotail configuration, also roughly coincided with the relative magnetic local time displacement of nightside conjugate auroral forms. These results provide strong evidence that the reconfiguration (twisting) process of the near-Earth tail on a relatively longer time scale controls the nightside conjugate auroral locations in both ionospheres.
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| 45. |
- Nakamura, R., et al.
(author)
-
Cluster observations of an ion-scale current sheet in the magnetotail under the presence of a guide field
- 2008
-
In: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 0148-0227 .- 2156-2202. ; 113:A7, s. A07S16-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on Cluster observations of a thin current sheet interval under the presence of a strong vertical bar B-Y vertical bar during a fast earthward flow interval between 1655 UT and 1703 UT on 17 August 2003. The strong vertical bar B-Y vertical bar in the tail could be associated with a strong IMF vertical bar B-Y vertical bar, but the large fluctuations in B-Y, not seen in the IMF, suggest that a varying reconnection rate causes a varying transport of B-Y-dominated magnetic flux and/or a change in B-Y due to the Hall-current system. During the encounter of the high-speed flow, an intense current layer was observed around 1655: 53 UT with a peak current density of 182 nA/m(2), the largest current density observed by the Cluster four-spacecraft magnetic field measurement in the magnetotail. The half width of this current layer was estimated to be similar to 290 km, which was comparable to the ion-inertia length. Its unique signature is that the strong current is mainly field-aligned current flowing close to the center of the plasma sheet. The event was associated with parallel heating of electrons with asymmetries, which suggests that electrons moving along the field lines can contribute to a strong dawn-to-dusk current when the magnetotail current sheet becomes sufficiently thin and active in a strong guide field case.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Pitout, F., Bosqueg, J.M., Alcayde, D., Denig, W. and Reme, H.
(author)
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Observation of the cusp region under northward IMF.
- 2001
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In: Annales Geophysicae. ; 19, s. 11-15
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using EISCAT radar data, we find that electrons are strongly heated in the magnetic field-line direction during high electric field events. The remote site data show that the electron temperature increases in almost the same way in the field-perpendicular
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Yordanova, Emiliya, et al.
(author)
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Energy input from the exterior cusp into the ionosphere : Correlated ground-based and satellite observations
- 2007
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In: Geophysical Research Letters. - 0094-8276 .- 1944-8007. ; 34:4, s. L04102-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The energy transport from the exterior cusp into the ionosphere is investigated using coordinated ground-based (EISCAT and MIRACLE) and satellite ( Cluster) observations. EISCAT and MIRACLE data are used to estimate the plasma heating in the F-region and the Joule heating in the E-region. Cluster measurements are used to derive the electromagnetic and particle energy fluxes at the high altitudes. These fluxes are then compared with the energy deposition into the ionospheric cusp during a 30 minutes long time interval in which Cluster and EISCAT are nearly conjugated. It is shown that the particles seen at about 9 Re in the exterior cusp carry an earthward energy flux that corresponds to the observed heating of the F-region. The estimated earthward Poynting flux is more than enough to account for the Joule heating in the E-region.
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