| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Rypma, Bart, et al.
(författare)
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Dopamine D1 Binding Potential Predicts Fusiform BOLD Activity during Face-Recognition Performance
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience. - : Society for Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 35:44, s. 14702-14707
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of face memory in humans and primates is well established, but little is known about the neurotransmitter systems involved in face recognition. We tested the hypothesis that face recognition is linked to dopamine (DA) activity in fusiform gyrus (FFG). DA availability was assessed by measuring D1 binding potential (BP) during rest using PET. We further assessed blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) signal change while subjects performed a face-recognition task during fMRI scanning. There was a strong association between D1 BP and BOLD activity in FFG, whereasD1BPin striatal and other extrastriatal regions were unrelated to neural activity in FFG. These results suggest that D1 BP locally modulates FFG function during face recognition. Observed relationships among D1 BP, BOLD activity, and face-recognition performance further suggest that D1 receptors place constraints on the responsiveness of FFG neurons.
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| 13. |
- Salami, Alireza, et al.
(författare)
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Dopamine D-2/3 Binding Potential Modulates Neural Signatures of Working Memory in a Load-Dependent Fashion
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 39:3, s. 537-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dopamine (DA) modulates corticostriatal connections. Studies in which imaging of the DA system is integrated with functional imaging during cognitive performance have yielded mixed findings. Some work has shown a link between striatal DA(measured by PET) and fMRI activations, whereas others have failed to observe such a relationship. One possible reason for these discrepant findings is differences in task demands, such that a more demanding task with greater prefrontal activations may yield a stronger association with DA. Moreover, a potential DA-BOLD association may be modulated by task performance. We studied 155 (104 normal-performing and 51 low-performing) healthy older adults (43% females) who underwent fMRI scanning while performing a working memory (WM) n-back task along with DA D-2/3 PET assessment using [C-11] raclopride. Using multivariate partial-least-squares analysis, we observed a significant pattern revealing positive associations of striatal as well as extrastriatal DA D-2/3 receptors to BOLD response in the thalamo-striatalcortical circuit, which supports WM functioning. Critically, the DA-BOLD association in normal-performing, but not low-performing, individuals was expressed in a load-dependent fashion, with stronger associations during 3-back than 1-/2-back conditions. Moreover, normal-performing adults expressing upregulated BOLD in response to increasing task demands showed a stronger DA-BOLD association during 3-back, whereas low-performing individuals expressed a stronger association during 2-back conditions. This pattern suggests a nonlinear DA-BOLD performance association, with the strongest link at the maximum capacity level. Together, our results suggest that DA may have a stronger impact on functional brain responses during more demanding cognitive tasks.
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| 14. |
- Tadala, Lalitha, et al.
(författare)
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Infection-induced membrane ruffling initiates danger and immune signaling via the mechanosensor PIEZO1
- 2022
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Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2211-1247. ; 40:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microorganisms are generally sensed by receptors recognizing microbial molecules, which evoke changes in cellular activities and gene expression. Bacterial pathogens induce secretion of the danger signal ATP as an early alert response of intestinal epithelial cells, initiating overt inflammation. However, what triggers ATP secretion during infection is unclear. Here we show that the inherently mechanosensitive plasma membrane channel PIEZO1 acts as a sensor for bacterial entry. PIEZO1 is mechanically activated by invasion-induced membrane ruffles upstream of Ca2+ influx and ATP secretion. Mimicking mechanical stimuli of pathogen uptake with sterile beads equally elicits ATP secretion. Chemical or genetic PIEZO1 inactivation inhibits mechanically induced ATP secretion. Moreover, chemical or mechanical PIEZO1 activation evokes gene expression in immune and barrier pathways. Thus, mechanosensation of invasion-induced plasma membrane distortion initiates immune signaling upon infection, independently of detection of microbial molecules. Hence, PIEZO1-dependent detection of infection is driven by physical signals instead of chemical ligands.
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