| 41. |
- van Es, Michael A, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies 19p13.3 (UNC13A) and 9p21.2 as susceptibility loci for sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2009
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Ingår i: Nature genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 41:10, s. 1083-1087
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We conducted a genome-wide association study among 2,323 individuals with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 9,013 control subjects and evaluated all SNPs with P < 1.0 x 10(-4) in a second, independent cohort of 2,532 affected individuals and 5,940 controls. Analysis of the genome-wide data revealed genome-wide significance for one SNP, rs12608932, with P = 1.30 x 10(-9). This SNP showed robust replication in the second cohort (P = 1.86 x 10(-6)), and a combined analysis over the two stages yielded P = 2.53 x 10(-14). The rs12608932 SNP is located at 19p13.3 and maps to a haplotype block within the boundaries of UNC13A, which regulates the release of neurotransmitters such as glutamate at neuromuscular synapses. Follow-up of additional SNPs showed genome-wide significance for two further SNPs (rs2814707, with P = 7.45 x 10(-9), and rs3849942, with P = 1.01 x 10(-8)) in the combined analysis of both stages. These SNPs are located at chromosome 9p21.2, in a linkage region for familial ALS with frontotemporal dementia found previously in several large pedigrees.
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| 42. |
- van Rheenen, Wouter, et al.
(författare)
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H63D polymorphism in HFE is not associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 34:5, s. 1517.e5-1517.e7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The H63D polymorphism in HFE has frequently been associated with susceptibility to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Regarding the role of HFE in iron homeostasis, iron accumulation is considered an important process in ALS. Furthermore, novel therapeutic strategies are being developed targeting this process. Evidence for this genetic association is, however, limited to several small studies. For this reason we studied the H63D polymorphism in a large European cohort including 3962 ALS patients and 5072 control subjects from 7 countries. After meta-analysis of previous studies and current findings we conclude that the H63D polymorphism in HFE is not associated with susceptibility to ALS, age at disease onset, or survival. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 43. |
- Aguiar-Pulido, Vanessa, et al.
(författare)
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Systems biology analysis of human genomes points to key pathways conferring spina bifida risk
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 118:51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Spina bifida (SB) is a debilitating birth defect caused by multiple gene and environment interactions. Though SB shows non-Mendelian inheritance, genetic factors contribute to an estimated 70% of cases. Nevertheless, identifying human mutations conferring SB risk is challenging due to its relative rarity, genetic heterogeneity, incomplete penetrance, and environmental influences that hamper genome-wide association studies approaches to untargeted discovery. Thus, SB genetic studies may suffer from population substructure and/or selection bias introduced by typical candidate gene searches. We report a population based, ancestry-matched whole-genome sequence analysis of SB genetic predisposition using a systems biology strategy to interrogate 298 case-control subject genomes (149 pairs). Genes that were enriched in likely gene disrupting (LGD), rare protein-coding variants were subjected to machine learning analysis to identify genes in which LGD variants occur with a different frequency in cases versus controls and so discriminate between these groups. Those genes with high discriminatory potential for SB significantly enriched pathways pertaining to carbon metabolism, inflammation, innate immunity, cytoskeletal regulation, and essential transcriptional regulation consistent with their having impact on the pathogenesis of human SB. Additionally, an interrogation of conserved noncoding sequences identified robust variant enrichment in regulatory regions of several transcription factors critical to embryonic development. This genome-wide perspective offers an effective approach to the interrogation of coding and noncoding sequence variant contributions to rare complex genetic disorders.
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| 44. |
- Chan, Young, et al.
(författare)
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Reinnervation as measured by the motor unit size index is associated with preservation of muscle strength in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, but not all muscles reinnervate
- 2022
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Ingår i: Muscle and Nerve. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0148-639X .- 1097-4598. ; 65:2, s. 203-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction/Aims: The motor unit size index (MUSIX) may provide insight into reinnervation patterns in diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, it is not known whether MUSIX detects clinically relevant changes in reinnervation, or if all muscles manifest changes in MUSIX in response to reinnervation after motor unit loss.Methods: Fifty-seven patients with ALS were assessed at 3-month intervals for 12 months in four centers. Muscles examined were abductor pollicis brevis, abductor digiti minimi, biceps brachii, and tibialis anterior. Results were split into two groups: muscles with increases in MUSIX and those without increases. Longitudinal changes in MUSIX, motor unit number index (MUNIX), compound muscle action potential amplitude, and Medical Research Council strength score were investigated.Results: One hundred thirty-three muscles were examined. Fifty-nine percent of the muscles exhibited an increase in MUSIX during the study. Muscles with MUSIX increases lost more motor units (58% decline in MUNIX at 12 months, P <.001) than muscles that did not increase MUSIX (34.6% decline in MUNIX at 12 months, P <.001). However, longitudinal changes in muscle strength were similar. When motor unit loss was similar, the absence of a MUSIX increase was associated with a significantly greater loss of muscle strength (P =.002).Discussion: MUSIX increases are associated with greater motor unit loss but relative preservation of muscle strength. Thus, MUSIX appears to be measuring a clinically relevant response that can provide a quantitative outcome measure of reinnervation in clinical trials. Furthermore, MUSIX suggests that reinnervation may play a major role in determining the progression of weakness.
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| 45. |
- Ganesalingam, Jeban, et al.
(författare)
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pNfH is a promising biomarker for ALS
- 2013
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Ingår i: Amytrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal degeneration. - : Informa Healthcare. - 2167-8421 .- 2167-9223. ; 14:2, s. 146-149
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A diagnostic biomarker for ALS would permit early intervention with disease-modifying therapies while a biomarker for disease activity could accelerate the pace of drug discovery by facilitating shorter, and less costly, drug trials to be conducted with a smaller number of patients. Neurofilaments are the most abundant neuronal cytoskeletal protein. We set out to determine whether pNfH was a credible biomarker for ALS. pNfH levels were determined using an ELISA for 150 ALS subjects and 140 controls. We demonstrated a seven-fold elevation in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of phosphorylated neurofilament heavy subunit (pNfH) in ALS (median n = 2787 pg/ml, n = 150), compared to headache and other benign controls (3 (4 pg/ml, n = 100, p = < 0.05). There was a 10-fold elevation of pNfH compared to ALS mimics (266 pg/ml, n = 20) and other neurodegenerative and inflammatory conditions (27 (pg/ml for n = 20) which was also highly significant (p = < 0.05). pNfH achieved a diagnostic sensitivity of 90% and specificity of 87% in distinguishing ALS from all controls. We also detected an inverse correlation between CSF pNfH levels and disease duration (time from symptom onset to death, r(2) = 0.1247, p = 0.001). In conclusion, pNfH represents a promising candidate for inclusion in a panel of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers.
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| 46. |
- Iacoangeli, Alfredo, et al.
(författare)
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SCFD1 expression quantitative trait loci in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are differentially expressed
- 2021
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Ingår i: Brain Communications. - : Oxford University Press. - 2632-1297. ; 3:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence indicates that common variants found in genome-wide association studies increase risk of disease through gene regulation via expression Quantitative Trait Loci. Using multiple genome-wide methods, we examined if Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms increase risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis through expression Quantitative Trait Loci, and whether expression Quantitative Trait Loci expression is consistent across people who had Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and those who did not. In combining public expression Quantitative Trait Loci data with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genome-wide association studies, we used Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization to confirm that SCFD1 was the only gene that was genome-wide significant in mediating Amyotrophic Lateral Sderosis risk via expression Quantitative Trait Loci (Summary-data-based Mendelian Randomization beta = 0.20, standard error = 0.04, P-value = 4.29 x 10(-6)). Using post-mortem motor cortex, we tested whether expression Quantitative Trait Loci showed significant differences in expression between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (n= 76) and controls (n= 25), genome-wide. Of 20 757 genes analysed, the two most sign ificant expression Quantitative Trait Loci to show differential in expression between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and controls involve two known Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis genes (SCFD1 and VCP). Cis-acting SCFD1 expression Quantitative Trait Loci downstream of the gene showed significant differences in expression between Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and controls (top expression Quantitative Trait Lod beta = 0.34, standard error = 0.063, P-value = 4.54 x 10(-7)). These SCFD1 expression Quantitative Trait Loci also significantly modified Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis survival (number of samples = 4265, hazard ratio = 1.11, 95% confidence interval = 1.05-1.17, P-value = 2.06 x 10(-4)) and act as an Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis trans-expression Quantitative Trait Loci hotspot for a wider network of genes enriched for SCFD1 function and Amyotrophic Lateral Sderosis pathways. Using gene-set analyses, we found the genes that correlate with this trans-expression Quantitative Trait Loci hotspot significantly increase risk of Amyotrophic La teral Sderosis (beta = 0.247, standard deviation = 0.017, P= 0.001) and schizophrenia (beta = 0.263, standard deviation = 0.008, P-value 1.18 x 10(-5)), a disease that genetically correlates with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. In summary, SCFD1 expression Quantitative Trait Lod are a major factor in Amyotrophic Lateral Sderosis, not only influencing disease risk but are differentially expressed in post-mortem Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. SCFD1 expression Quantitative Trait Loci show distinct expression profiles in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis that correlate with a wider network of genes that also confer risk of the disease and modify the disease's duration.
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| 47. |
- Kunz, Susanna, V, et al.
(författare)
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A simplified approach to thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) bipolar host polymers
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Polymer Chemistry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 1759-9954 .- 1759-9962. ; 13:29, s. 4241-4248
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) are a critical part of current consumer electronics, from mobile device displays to solid-state lighting. Thus demand for the development of industrially compatible OLED materials continues to increase. Herein, we introduce a series of solution-processible polymers incorporating a Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence (TADF) emitter and a host species in the side chain to finely adjust the charge transport properties. For balanced charge transport, a bipolar host polymer based on carbazole and alpha-carboline was investigated in addition to the commonly employed unipolar host mCP and an electron transporting version thereof. We demonstrate that the combination of unipolar co-hosts on one polymer chain can generate, with less synthetic effort, the same optoelectronic properties as a polymer carrying the corresponding bipolar host molecule as a pendant.
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| 48. |
- Li, Yan, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of Plasma Amyloid-β 42/40 for Detecting Alzheimer Disease Amyloid Plaques
- 2022
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 0028-3878. ; 98:7, s. 688-699
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Objectives To determine the diagnostic accuracy of a plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 assay in classifying amyloid PET status across global research studies using samples collected by multiple centers that utilize different blood collection and processing protocols.MethodsPlasma samples (n = 465) were obtained from 3 large Alzheimer disease (AD) research cohorts in the United States (n = 182), Australia (n = 183), and Sweden (n = 100). Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 was measured by a high precision immunoprecipitation mass spectrometry (IPMS) assay and compared to the reference standards of amyloid PET and CSF Aβ42/Aβ40.ResultsIn the combined cohort of 465 participants, plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 had good concordance with amyloid PET status (receiver operating characteristic area under the curve [AUC] 0.84, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.80-0.87); concordance improved with the inclusion of APOE ϵ4 carrier status (AUC 0.88, 95% CI 0.85-0.91). The AUC of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 with CSF amyloid status was 0.85 (95% CI 0.78-0.91) and improved to 0.93 (95% CI 0.89-0.97) with APOE ϵ4 status. These findings were consistent across the 3 cohorts, despite differences in protocols. The assay performed similarly in both cognitively unimpaired and impaired individuals.DiscussionPlasma Aβ42/Aβ40 is a robust measure for detecting amyloid plaques and can be utilized to aid in the diagnosis of AD, identify those at risk for future dementia due to AD, and improve the diversity of populations enrolled in AD research and clinical trials.Classification of EvidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, as measured by a high precision IPMS assay, accurately diagnoses brain amyloidosis in both cognitively unimpaired and impaired research participants.
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| 49. |
- Postmus, Iris, et al.
(författare)
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Pharmacogenetic meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of LDL cholesterol response to statins.
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Statins effectively lower LDL cholesterol levels in large studies and the observed interindividual response variability may be partially explained by genetic variation. Here we perform a pharmacogenetic meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in studies addressing the LDL cholesterol response to statins, including up to 18,596 statin-treated subjects. We validate the most promising signals in a further 22,318 statin recipients and identify two loci, SORT1/CELSR2/PSRC1 and SLCO1B1, not previously identified in GWAS. Moreover, we confirm the previously described associations with APOE and LPA. Our findings advance the understanding of the pharmacogenetic architecture of statin response.
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| 50. |
- Sproviero, William, et al.
(författare)
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ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat length correlates with risk of ALS
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 51, s. 178.e1-178.e9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the ATXN2 gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Two new case-control studies, a British dataset of 1474 ALS cases and 567 controls, and a Dutch dataset of 1328 ALS cases and 691 controls were analyzed. In addition, to increase power, we systematically searched PubMed for case-control studies published after 1 August 2010 that investigated the association between ATXN2 intermediate repeats and ALS. We conducted a meta-analysis of the new and existing studies for the relative risks of ATXN2 intermediate repeat alleles of between 24 and 34 CAG trinucleotide repeats and ALS. There was an overall increased risk of ALS for those carrying intermediate sized trinucleotide repeat alleles (odds ratio 3.06 [95% confidence interval 2.37-3.94]; p = 6 × 10(-18)), with an exponential relationship between repeat length and ALS risk for alleles of 29-32 repeats (R(2) = 0.91, p = 0.0002). No relationship was seen for repeat length and age of onset or survival. In contrast to trinucleotide repeat diseases, intermediate ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat expansion in ALS does not predict age of onset but does predict disease risk.
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