| 31. |
- Schultheiss, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Machinability of CuZn21Si3P brass
- 2016
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Ingår i: Materials Science and Technology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1743-2847 .- 0267-0836. ; 32:17, s. 1744-1750
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New brass alloys containing less or even no lead are being developed, decreasing the environmental impact of the material. One example of an alternative brass is CuZn21Si3P, which contains less than 0.09 wt-% Pb. The research presented in this article evaluates the machinability of CuZn21Si3P as compared to more common, lead-containing free-machining brasses. The results show a marked decrease in the machinability of CuZn21Si3P. When longitudinally turning CuZn21Si3P the cutting tool failed after 142 min of machining. This tool wear was to a large extent remedied through the use of a coating on the cutting tool. CuZn21Si3P appears as a viable substitute for lead-containing brasses, thus implying the possibility for improving the sustainability of modern production.
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| 32. |
- Smart, Sophie E., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical predictors of antipsychotic treatment resistance: Development and internal validation of a prognostic prediction model by the STRATA-G consortium
- 2022
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Ingår i: Schizophrenia Research. - : Elsevier. - 0920-9964 .- 1573-2509. ; 250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionOur aim was to, firstly, identify characteristics at first-episode of psychosis that are associated with later antipsychotic treatment resistance (TR) and, secondly, to develop a parsimonious prediction model for TR.MethodsWe combined data from ten prospective, first-episode psychosis cohorts from across Europe and categorised patients as TR or non-treatment resistant (NTR) after a mean follow up of 4.18 years (s.d. = 3.20) for secondary data analysis. We identified a list of potential predictors from clinical and demographic data recorded at first-episode. These potential predictors were entered in two models: a multivariable logistic regression to identify which were independently associated with TR and a penalised logistic regression, which performed variable selection, to produce a parsimonious prediction model. This model was internally validated using a 5-fold, 50-repeat cross-validation optimism-correction.ResultsOur sample consisted of N = 2216 participants of which 385 (17 %) developed TR. Younger age of psychosis onset and fewer years in education were independently associated with increased odds of developing TR. The prediction model selected 7 out of 17 variables that, when combined, could quantify the risk of being TR better than chance. These included age of onset, years in education, gender, BMI, relationship status, alcohol use, and positive symptoms. The optimism-corrected area under the curve was 0.59 (accuracy = 64 %, sensitivity = 48 %, and specificity = 76 %).ImplicationsOur findings show that treatment resistance can be predicted, at first-episode of psychosis. Pending a model update and external validation, we demonstrate the potential value of prediction models for TR.
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| 33. |
- Sproviero, William, et al.
(författare)
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ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat length correlates with risk of ALS
- 2017
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Aging. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-4580 .- 1558-1497. ; 51, s. 178.e1-178.e9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated a CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the ATXN2 gene in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Two new case-control studies, a British dataset of 1474 ALS cases and 567 controls, and a Dutch dataset of 1328 ALS cases and 691 controls were analyzed. In addition, to increase power, we systematically searched PubMed for case-control studies published after 1 August 2010 that investigated the association between ATXN2 intermediate repeats and ALS. We conducted a meta-analysis of the new and existing studies for the relative risks of ATXN2 intermediate repeat alleles of between 24 and 34 CAG trinucleotide repeats and ALS. There was an overall increased risk of ALS for those carrying intermediate sized trinucleotide repeat alleles (odds ratio 3.06 [95% confidence interval 2.37-3.94]; p = 6 × 10(-18)), with an exponential relationship between repeat length and ALS risk for alleles of 29-32 repeats (R(2) = 0.91, p = 0.0002). No relationship was seen for repeat length and age of onset or survival. In contrast to trinucleotide repeat diseases, intermediate ATXN2 trinucleotide repeat expansion in ALS does not predict age of onset but does predict disease risk.
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| 34. |
- Stahl, Marisa, et al.
(författare)
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Coeliac disease : what can we learn from prospective studies about disease risk?
- 2024
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Ingår i: The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health. - 2352-4642. ; 8:1, s. 63-74
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Paediatric prospective studies of coeliac disease with longitudinal collection of biological samples and clinical data offer a unique perspective on disease risk. This Review highlights the information now available from international paediatric prospective studies on genetic and environmental risk factors for coeliac disease. In addition, recent omics studies have made it possible to study complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors and thereby further our insight into the causes of the disease. In the future, paediatric prospective studies will be able to provide more detailed risk prediction models combining genes, the environment, and biological corroboration from multiomics. Such studies could also contribute to biomarker development and an improved understanding of disease pathogenesis.
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| 35. |
- Stahl, M., et al.
(författare)
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Energy influx measurements in HiPIMS plasmas
- 2009
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Ingår i: 36th EPS Conference on Plasma Physics 2009, EPS 2009 - Europhysics Conference Abstracts, vol 33 E1. ; , s. 230-233
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 36. |
- Stahl, Marisa, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of Pediatric Celiac Disease Varies by Region
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Gastroenterology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0002-9270 .- 1572-0241. ; 118:3, s. 539-545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- INTRODUCTION:The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young study follows an HLA risk selected birth cohort for celiac disease (CD) development using a uniform protocol. Children under investigation come from 6 different regions within Europe and the United States. Our aim was to identify regional differences in CD autoimmunity and CD cumulative incidence for children born between 2004 and 2010.METHODS:Children (n = 6,628) with DQ2.5 and/or DQ8.1 were enrolled prospectively from birth in Georgia, Washington, Colorado, Finland, Germany, and Sweden. Children underwent periodic study screening for tissue transglutaminase antibodies and then CD evaluation per clinical care. Population-specific estimates were calculated by weighting the study-specific cumulative incidence with the population-specific haplogenotype frequencies obtained from large stem cell registries from each site.RESULTS:Individual haplogenotype risks for CD autoimmunity and CD varied by region and affected the cumulative incidence within that region. The CD incidence by age 10 years was highest in Swedish children at 3%. Within the United States, the incidence by age 10 years in Colorado was 2.4%. In the model adjusted for HLA, sex, and family history, Colorado children had a 2.5-fold higher risk of CD compared to Washington. Likewise, Swedish children had a 1.4-fold and 1.8-fold higher risk of CD compared with those in Finland and Germany, respectively.DISCUSSION:There is high regional variability in cumulative incidence of CD, which suggests differential environmental, genetic, and epigenetic influences even within the United States. The overall high incidence warrants a low threshold for screening and further research on region-specific CD triggers.
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| 37. |
- van Prooijen, J. W., et al.
(författare)
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Injustice for All or Just for Me? Social Value Orientation Predicts Responses to Own Versus Other's Procedures
- 2012
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Ingår i: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. - : SAGE Publications. - 0146-1672 .- 1552-7433. ; 38:10, s. 1247-1258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In two experiments, the authors investigated how differences in social value orientation predict evaluations of procedures that were accorded to self and others. Proselfs versus prosocials were either granted or denied an opportunity to voice an opinion in a decision-making process and witnessed how someone else was either granted or denied such an opportunity. Consistent with the hypothesis, procedural evaluations of both proselfs and prosocials were influenced by own procedure when other was granted voice, but only proselfs were influenced by own procedure when other was denied voice. These findings were particularly attributable to prosocials' tendency to evaluate a situation where no-voice procedures are applied consistently between persons more positively than proselfs. It is concluded that proselfs are focused on procedural justice and injustice for self more than prosocials, whereas prosocials value equality in procedures more than proselfs-even when equality implies injustice for all.
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| 38. |
- Webb, Thomas R., et al.
(författare)
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Systematic Evaluation of Pleiotropy Identifies 6 Further Loci Associated With Coronary Artery Disease
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0735-1097 .- 1558-3597. ; 69:7, s. 823-836
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have so far identified 56 loci associated with risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Many CAD loci show pleiotropy; that is, they are also associated with other diseases or traits.OBJECTIVES This study sought to systematically test if genetic variants identified for non-CAD diseases/traits also associate with CAD and to undertake a comprehensive analysis of the extent of pleiotropy of all CAD loci.METHODS In discovery analyses involving 42,335 CAD cases and 78,240 control subjects we tested the association of 29,383 common (minor allele frequency >5%) single nucleotide polymorphisms available on the exome array, which included a substantial proportion of known or suspected single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with common diseases or traits as of 2011. Suggestive association signals were replicated in an additional 30,533 cases and 42,530 control subjects. To evaluate pleiotropy, we tested CAD loci for association with cardiovascular risk factors (lipid traits, blood pressure phenotypes, body mass index, diabetes, and smoking behavior), as well as with other diseases/traits through interrogation of currently available genome-wide association study catalogs.RESULTS We identified 6 new loci associated with CAD at genome-wide significance: on 2q37 (KCNJ13-GIGYF2), 6p21 (C2), 11p15 (MRVI1-CTR9), 12q13 (LRP1), 12q24 (SCARB1), and 16q13 (CETP). Risk allele frequencies ranged from 0.15 to 0.86, and odds ratio per copy of the risk allele ranged from 1.04 to 1.09. Of 62 new and known CAD loci, 24 (38.7%) showed statistical association with a traditional cardiovascular risk factor, with some showing multiple associations, and 29 (47%) showed associations at p < 1 x 10(-4) with a range of other diseases/traits.CONCLUSIONS We identified 6 loci associated with CAD at genome-wide significance. Several CAD loci show substantial pleiotropy, which may help us understand the mechanisms by which these loci affect CAD risk.
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| 39. |
- Wilson, Susan, et al.
(författare)
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The XMM Cluster Survey : evolution of the velocity dispersion-temperature relation over half a Hubble time
- 2016
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Ingår i: Montly notices of the royal astronomical society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 463:1, s. 413-428
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measure the evolution of the velocity dispersion–temperature (σv–TX) relation up to z = 1 using a sample of 38 galaxy clusters drawn from the XMM Cluster Survey. This work improves upon previous studies by the use of a homogeneous cluster sample and in terms of the number of high-redshift clusters included. We present here new redshift and velocity dispersion measurements for 12 z > 0.5 clusters observed with the Gemini Multi Object Spectographs instruments on the Gemini telescopes. Using an orthogonal regression method, we find that the slope of the relation is steeper than that expected if clusters were self-similar, and that the evolution of the normalization is slightly negative, but not significantly different from zero (σv ∝ T0.86±0.14E(z)−0.37±0.33). We verify our results by applying our methods to cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. The lack of evolution seen in our data is consistent with simulations that include both feedback and radiative cooling.
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| 40. |
- Aad, G., et al.
(författare)
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- 2011
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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