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- Lawesson, Sofia, et al.
(author)
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Gender difference in prevalence and prognostic impact of renal insufficiency in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention
- 2011
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In: Heart. - : BMJ Publishing Group; 1999. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 97:4, s. 308-314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective To evaluate if female gender is associated with renal insufficiency in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and if there is a gender difference in the prognostic importance of renal insufficiency in STEMI. Design Single-centre observational study. Setting One tertiary cardiac centre. Patients All consecutive patients with STEMI planned for primary percutaneous coronary intervention in one Swedish county in 2005 (98 women and 176 men). Main outcome measures Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the predictors of renal insufficiency, associations between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and outcome in each gender and a possible interaction between gender and eGFR regarding outcome. Results Renal insufficiency was defined as eGFR less than 60 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). 67% of women had renal insufficiency compared with 26% of men, OR 5.06 (95% CI 2.66 to 9.59) after multivariable adjustment. In women each 10 ml/min per 1.73 m 2 increment of eGFR was associated with a 63% risk reduction for 1-year mortality, OR 0.37 (95% CI 0.15 to 0.89). No such association was found in men, OR 1.05 (95% CI 0.63 to 1.76). A trend towards a significant interaction between gender and eGFR regarding 1-year mortality was found, OR 2.05 (95% CI 0.93 to 4.50). Conclusions A considerable gender difference in the prevalence of renal insufficiency in STEMI was found and renal insufficiency seemed to be a more important prognostic marker in women. These results are important as previous STEMI studies have shown higher multivariable adjusted mortality in women than in men but renal function has seldom been taken into consideration.
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| 58. |
- Lindgren, Peter, et al.
(author)
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The long-term cost-effectiveness of clopidogrel plus aspirin in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention in Sweden
- 2005
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In: Clinical Therapeutics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0149-2918 .- 1879-114X. ; 27:1, s. 100-110
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Percutaneous CoronaryIntervention-Clopidogrel in Unstable Angina to Prevent Recurrent Events (PCI-CURE) study, which examined the effect of adding clopidogrel to aspirin versus aspirin alone in patients with unstable coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing PCI, found a relative risk reduction in cardiovascular deaths and myocardial infarction among those treated with clopidogrel. In addition, a within-trial cost-effectiveness analysis showed favorable costs per event avoided. However, to estimate the long-term effects, a modeling approach is necessary. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to estimatethe long-term cost-effectiveness of treating patients undergoing PCI with clopidogrel plus aspirin in Sweden. Methods: A Markov model was developed. Transitionprobabilities were estimated based on a register of patients treated in the coronary care units at 74 (out of 78) hospitals throughout Sweden. Patients were assumed to be treated for 1 year with an effect based on data from the PCI-CURE study. Costs were collected from published sources and recalculated to year-2004 euros (1.00 = US $1.24). Life-years gained were used as the measure of effectiveness. The perspective was that of the Swedish society, with a separate analysis using a health care cost perspective. Results: After inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 3474 patients were included in the model analysis. The model predicted a net gain in survival of 0.04 year per patient when adding clopidogrel. This yielded a net increase of 449 if only direct costs were included, with indirect costs, the net increase was 332. The resulting cost-effectiveness ratios were €10,993 and 8127 per life-year gained. Conclusions: The predicted cost-effectiveness ratios were well below the threshold values generally considered cost-effective. Adding clopidogrel to aspirin appeared to be cost-effective in this model analysis of patients with unstable CAD undergoing PCI in Sweden. Copyright © 2005 Excerpta Medica, Inc.
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| 59. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., et al.
(author)
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Nationwide Cohort Study of Risk of Ischemic Heart Disease in Patients With Celiac Disease
- 2011
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In: Circulation. - : American Heart Association Inc. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 123:5, s. 483-490
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background-Studies on ischemic heart disease (IHD) incidence in individuals with celiac disease (CD) are contradictory and do not take small intestinal pathology into account. Methods and Results-In this Swedish population-based cohort study, we examined the risk of IHD in patients with CD based on small intestinal histopathology. We defined IHD as death or incident disease in myocardial infarction or angina pectoris in Swedish national registers. In 2006 to 2008, we collected duodenal/jejunal biopsy data on CD (equal to villous atrophy; Marsh 3; n = 28 190 unique individuals) and inflammation without villous atrophy (Marsh 1 to 2; n = 12 598) from all 28 pathology departments in Sweden. A third cohort consisted of 3658 individuals with normal mucosa but positive CD serology (Marsh 0, latent CD). We found an increased risk of incident IHD in patients undergoing small intestinal biopsy that was independent of small intestinal histopathology (CD: hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11 to 1.28; 991 events; inflammation: HR, 1.28; 95% CI, 1.19 to 1.39; 809 events; and latent CD: HR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.87 to 1.50; 62 events). Celiac disease (HR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.06 to 1.40) and inflammation (HR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.52) were both associated with death resulting from IHD, whereas latent CD was not (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.34 to 1.50). Conclusions-Individuals with CD or small intestinal inflammation are at increased risk of incident IHD. We were unable to show a positive association between latent CD and incident IHD.
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| 60. |
- Milonas, Christos, et al.
(author)
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Effect of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition on One-Year Mortality and Frequency of Repeat Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction
- 2010
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In: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY. - : Elsevier Science B. V., Amsterdam. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 105:9, s. 1229-1234
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Controversy exists regarding whether all patients with acute myocardial infarction (AM!) benefit from angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs). We examined the association between ACEI treatment and mortality in a large, unselected population of patients with AMI. The present study included 105,224 patients with AMI who were not treated with ACEIs on admission. A logistic regression analysis, including 33 variables, calculated a propensity score for each patient to estimate the probability of receiving ACEIs at discharge, given the background. The association between ACEI treatment at discharge and the 1-year outcome was evaluated in prespecified subgroups using the Cox regression analyses, adjusting for the propensity score and medications at discharge. A total of 38,395 patients (36.5%) received ACEIs at discharge. After adjustment, ACEI treatment was associated with a 24% reduction in mortality (relative risk 0.76, 95% confidence interval 0.73 to 0.80). The benefit was largest in patients with a history or present signs of heart failure. In patients without heart failure, a significant benefit of ACEI treatment was seen only in patients with renal dysfunction (relative risk 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.54 to 0.88). In the whole group, the risk of AMI decreased by 7% (relative risk 0.93, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 0.96), with a larger effect seen in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI or systolic left ventricular dysfunction. In conclusion, in unselected patients with AMI, ACEI treatment was associated with a reduction in 1-year mortality, mainly in patients with heart failure or renal dysfunction, and a small reduction in the risk of reinfarction, mainly in patients with ST-segment elevation AMI or systolic left ventricular dysfunction.
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