| 21. |
- Botusan, I. R., et al.
(author)
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Deficiency of liver-derived insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) does not interfere with the skin wound healing rate
- 2018
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In: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 13:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: IGF-I is a growth factor, which is expressed in virtually all tissues. The circulating IGF-I is however derived mainly from the liver. IGF-I promotes wound healing and its levels are decreased in wounds with low regenerative potential such as diabetic wounds. However, the contribution of circulating IGF-I to wound healing is unknown. Here we investigated the role of systemic IGF-I on wound healing rate in mice with deficiency of liver-derived IGF-I (LI-IGF-I-/- mice) during normal (normoglycemic) and impaired wound healing (diabetes). Methods: LI-IGF-I-/- mice with complete inactivation of the IGF-I gene in the hepatocytes were generated using the Cre/loxP recombination system. This resulted in a 75% reduction of circulating IGF-I. Diabetes was induced with streptozocin in both LI-IGF-I-/- and control mice. Wounds were made on the dorsum of the mice, and the wound healing rate and histology were evaluated. Serum IGF-I and GH were measured by RIA and ELISA respectively. The expression of IGF-I, IGF-II and the IGF-I receptor in the skin were evaluated by qRT-PCR. The local IGF-I protein expression in different cell types of the wounds during wound healing process was analyzed using immunohistochemistry. Results: The wound healing rate was similar in LI-IGF-I-/- mice to that in controls. Diabetes significantly delayed the wound healing rate in both LI-IGF-I-/- and control mice. However, no significant difference was observed between diabetic animals with normal or reduced hepatic IGF-I production. The gene expression of IGF-I, IGF-II and IGF-I receptor in skin was not different between any group of animals tested. Local IGF-I levels in the wounds were similar between of LI-IGF-I-/- and WT mice although a transient reduction of IGF-I expression in leukocytes in the wounds of LI-IGF-I-/- was observed seven days post wounding. Conclusion: Deficiency in the liver-derived IGF-I does not affect wound healing in mice, neither in normo-glycemic conditions nor in diabetes.
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| 22. |
- Brosché, Johan, 1978-, et al.
(author)
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Nio punkter för global fred (Nine Points for Global Peace)
- 2015
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Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Insatserna för global fred måste stärkas skriver tolv företrädare för institutionen för freds- och konfliktforskning apropå att världens ledare samlas i dag i New York för att anta 17 nya globala mål för en bättre värld och mer hållbar utveckling.
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| 23. |
- Burman, Pia, et al.
(author)
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Deaths Among Adult Patients With Hypopituitarism: Hypocortisolism During Acute Stress, and De Novo Malignant Brain Tumors Contribute to an Increased Mortality
- 2013
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In: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 98:4, s. 1466-1475
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: Patients with hypopituitarism have an increased standardized mortality rate. The basis for Objective: To investigate in detail the cause of death in a large cohort of patients with hypopituitarism Design and Methods: All-cause and cause-specific mortality in 1286 Swedish patients with Main Outcome Measures: Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated, with stratification for Results: An excess mortality was found, 120 deaths vs 84.3 expected, SMR 1.42 (95% confidence Conclusion: Two important causes of excess mortality were identified: first, adrenal crisis in response
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| 24. |
- Carlzon, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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Both Low and High Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Levels Associate with Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Men.
- 2014
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In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 99:11
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aims: Most previous prospective studies suggest that low serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) associates with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events while other studies suggest that high serum IGF-I associates with increased risk of CVD events. We tested the hypothesis that not only low, but also high, serum IGF-I associate with increased risk of CVD events in elderly men. Methods and Results: Serum IGF-I levels were measured in 2901 elderly men (aged 69 to 81 years) included in the prospective population-based MrOS-Sweden cohort. Data for CVD events were obtained from national Swedish registers with no loss of follow-up. During follow-up (median 5.1 yrs) 589 of the participants experienced a CVD event. The association between serum IGF-I and risk of CVD events was nonlinear, and restricted cubic spline Cox regression analysis revealed a U-shaped association between serum IGF-I levels and CVD events (p<0.01 for nonlinearity). Low as well as high serum IGF-I (quintile 1 or 5 vs. quintiles 2-4) significantly associated with increased risk for CVD events (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.54; and HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.10-1.66, respectively). These associations remained after adjustment for prevalent CVD and multiple risk factors. High serum IGF-I associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events but not with risk of cerebrovascular events. Conclusion: Both low and high serum IGF-I levels are risk markers for CVD events in elderly men. The association between high serum IGF-I and CVD events is mainly driven by CHD events.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Deming, Y., et al.
(author)
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The MS4A gene cluster is a key modulator of soluble TREM2 and Alzheimer's disease risk
- 2019
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In: Science Translational Medicine. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 11:505
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). TREM2 plays a critical role in microglial activation, survival, and phagocytosis; however, the pathophysiological role of sTREM2 in AD is not well understood. Understanding the role of sTREM2 in AD may reveal new pathological mechanisms and lead to the identification of therapeutic targets. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify genetic modifiers of CSF sTREM2 obtained from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative. Common variants in the membrane-spanning 4-domains subfamily A (MS4A) gene region were associated with CSF sTREM2 concentrations (rs1582763; P = 1.15 x 10(-15)); this was replicated in independent datasets. The variants associated with increased CSF sTREM2 concentrations were associated with reduced AD risk and delayed age at onset of disease. The single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1582763 modified expression of the MS4A4A and MS4A6A genes in multiple tissues, suggesting that one or both of these genes are important for modulating sTREM2 production. Using human macrophages as a proxy for microglia, we found that MS4A4A and TREM2 colocalized on lipid rafts at the plasma membrane, that sTREM2 increased with MS4A4A overexpression, and that silencing of MS4A4A reduced sTREM2 production. These genetic, molecular, and cellular findings suggest that MS4A4A modulates sTREM2. These findings also provide a mechanistic explanation for the original GWAS signal in the MS4A locus for AD risk and indicate that TREM2 may be involved in AD pathogenesis not only in TREM2 risk-variant carriers but also in those with sporadic disease.
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| 28. |
- Deutschmann, Mats, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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"It ain't what you say. It's the way you say it" : adapting the matched guise technique (MGT) to raise awareness of accentedness stereotyping effects among Swedish pre-service teachers
- 2023
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In: Language Awareness. - : Routledge. - 0965-8416 .- 1747-7565. ; 32:2, s. 255-277
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The study describes a pedagogic adaptation of the matched guise technique with the aim to raise linguistic self-awareness of L2 accentedness stereotyping effects among Swedish pre-service teachers. In the experiment, 290 students attending teacher training programs were exposed to one of two matched guises, representing either L1 accented Swedish, or L2 accented Swedish. Both guises were based on the same recording, but the L2 accented version had been digitally manipulated using cut-and-paste techniques in order to replicate certain vowel sounds (the [u:]-sound in particular) associated with low-prestige Swedish L2 accentedness. The findings from this experiment were then used as starting point for language awareness raising activities. Our overall results show that the L2 accented manipulated recording was evaluated more favourably than the original L1 accented recording on all investigated variables. One proposed explanation is that respondents were inadvertently influenced by so-called shifting standards effects, i.e. lower standards/expectations are being used as reference points when evaluating the L2 accented recording. This tendency, however, seemed to be less apparent among respondents with bi/multilingual linguistic identities. Following debriefing discussions based on the experiment findings, there were clear indications that respondents did become more aware of inadvertent linguistic stereotyping by participating in the activities.
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| 29. |
- Eckerström, Carl, et al.
(author)
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Characteristic Biomarker and Cognitive Profile in Incipient Mixed Dementia.
- 2020
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In: Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD. - 1875-8908. ; 73:2, s. 597-607
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research has shown that mixed dementia is more common than previously believed but little is known of its early stages.To examine if incipient mixed dementia can be differentiated from incipient Alzheimer's disease (AD) and subcortical ischemic vascular dementia (SVD) using neuropsychological tests, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers, and magnetic resonance imaging markers.We included 493 patients and controls from the Gothenburg MCI study and used the dementia groups for marker selection (CSF total-tau (T-tau), phospho-tau (P-tau), and amyloid-β42 (Aβ42), 11 neuropsychological tests, and 92 regional brain volumes) and to obtain cut-off values which were then applied to the MCI groups.Incipient mixed dementia was best differentiated from incipient AD by the Word fluency F-A-S test and the Trail making test A. CSF T-tau, P-tau, and Aβ42 differentiated incipient mixed dementia from incipient SVD.Incipient mixed dementia is characterized by an AD-like biomarker profile and an SVD-like cognitive profile. Incipient mixed dementia can be separated from incipient AD and incipient SVD using CSF markers and cognitive testing.
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| 30. |
- Eckerström, Carl, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of the ATN model in a longitudinal memory clinic sample with different underlying disorders.
- 2021
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In: Alzheimer's & dementia. - : Wiley. - 2352-8729. ; 13:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To evaluate the usefulness of the 2018 NIA-AA (National Institute on Aging and Alzheimer's Association) research framework in a longitudinal memory clinic study with different clinical outcomes and underlying disorders.We included 420 patients with mild cognitive impairment or subjective cognitive impairment. During the follow up, 27% of the patients converted to dementia, with the majority converting to Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mixed dementia. Based on the baseline values of the cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, the patients were classified into one of the eight possible ATN groups (amyloid beta [Aβ] aggregation [A], tau aggregation reflecting neurofibrillary tangles [T], and neurodegeneration [N]).The majority of the patients converting to AD and mixed dementia were in ATN groups positive for A (71%). The A+T+N+ group was highly overrepresented among converters to AD and mixed dementia. Patients converting to dementias other than AD or mixed dementia were evenly distributed across the ATN groups.Our findings provide support for the usefulness of the ATN system to detect incipient AD or mixed dementia.
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