| 41. |
- Svensson, Elin, et al.
(författare)
-
Dual energy CT findings in gout with rapid kilovoltage-switching source with gemstone scintillator detector
- 2020
-
Ingår i: BMC Rheumatology. - : SPRINGERNATURE. - 2520-1026. ; 4:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundA definite diagnosis of gout requires demonstration of monosodium urate crystals in synovial fluid or in tophi, which in clinical practice today seldom is done. Dual energy CT (DECT) has repeatedly been shown to be able to detect monosodium urate crystals in tissues, hence being an alternative method to synovial fluid microscopy. The vast majority of these studies were performed with CT scanners with two X-ray tubes. In the present study we aim to investigate if and at what locations DECT with rapid kilovoltage-switching source with gemstone scintillator detector (GSI) can identify MSU crystals in patients with clinically diagnosed gout. We also performed a reliability study between two independent readings.MethodsPatients with new or established gout who had been examined with DECT GSI scanning of the feet at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Molndal between 2015 and 2018 were identified. Their medical records were sought for gout disease characteristics using a structured protocol. Urate deposits in MTP1, MTP 2-5, ankle/midfoot joints and tendons were scored semiquantatively in both feet and presence of artifacts in nail and skin as well as beam hardening and noise were recorded. Two radiologists performed two combined readings and scoring of the images, thus consensus was reached over the scoring at each occasion (Espeland et al., BMC Med Imaging. 2013;13:4). The two readings were compared with kappa statistics.ResultsDECT GSI could identify urate deposits in the feet of all 55 participants with gout. Deposits were identified in the MTP-joints of all subjects but were also present in ankle/midfoot joints and tendons in 96 and 75% respectively. Deposition of urate was predicted by longer disease duration (Spearman's Rho 0.64, p <.0001) and presence of tophi (p =0.0005). Artifacts were common and mostly found in the nails (73%), a minority displayed skin artifacts (31%) while beam hardening and noise was rare. The agreement between the two readings was good (=0.66, 95% CI=0.61-0.71).ConclusionThe validity of DECT GSI in gout is supported by the identification of urate in all patients with clinical gout and the good correlations with clinical characteristics. The occurrence of artifacts was relatively low with expected locations.
|
|
| 42. |
|
|
| 43. |
- Svensson, Lennart, 1954-
(författare)
-
SARS-virus. Från djur till människa
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Smittnytt : information från smittskyddet och mikrobiologen. - Linköping : Smittskyddsenheten. ; 36
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
|
|
| 44. |
|
|
| 45. |
- Thorven, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
A homozygous nonsense mutation (428G ->A) in the human secretor (FUT2) gene provides resistance to symptomatic norovirus (GGII) infections
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Virology. - 0022-538X .- 1098-5514. ; 79:24, s. 15351-5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Noroviruses (formerly Norwalk-like viruses) are a major cause of acute gastroenteritis worldwide and are associated with a significant number of nosocomial and food-borne outbreaks. In this study we show that the human secretor FUT2 gene, which codes for an alpha(1,2)-fucosyltransferase synthesizing the H-type 1 antigen in saliva and mucosa, is associated with susceptibility to norovirus infections. Allelic polymorphism characterization at nucleotide 428 for symptomatic (n = 53) and asymptomatic (n = 62) individuals associated with nosocomial and sporadic norovirus outbreaks revealed that homozygous nonsense mutation (428G-->A) in FUT2 segregated with complete resistance for the disease. Of all symptomatic individuals, 49% were homozygous (SeSe) and 51% heterozygous (Sese428) secretors, and none were secretor negative (se428se428), in contrast to 20% nonsecretors (se428se428) among Swedish blood donors (n = 104) (P < 0.0002) and 29% for asymptomatic individuals associated with nosocomial outbreaks (P < 0.00001). Furthermore, saliva from secretor-positive and symptomatic patients but not from secretor-negative and asymptomatic individuals bound the norovirus strain responsible for that particular outbreak. This is the first report showing that the FUT2 nonsecretor (se428se428) genotype is associated with resistance to nosocomial and sporadic outbreaks with norovirus.
|
|
| 46. |
- Tiveljung Lindell, Annika, et al.
(författare)
-
Molecular epidemiology of norovirus infections in Stockholm, Sweden, during the years 2000 to 2003 : Association of the GGIIb genetic cluster with infection in children
- 2005
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Microbiology. - 0095-1137 .- 1098-660X. ; 43:3, s. 1086-1092
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The incidence of norovirus-associated gastroenteritis and the molecular epidemiology of norovirus strains were studied during three seasons (2000-2001, 2001-2002, and 2002-2003) among patients of all ages, mainly from the Stockholm region in Sweden. A total of 3,252 fecal samples were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR. The incidences of norovirus infection among adults were 23, 26, and 30% during the three seasons studied and 18,11, and 15% among children 0 to 15 years of age. During the first season, all norovirus strains detected by PCR were typed either by reverse line blot hybridization or nucleotide sequence analysis. During the two successive seasons, a total of 60 norovirus-positive strains from the beginning, peak, and end of the seasons were selected for nucleotide sequence analysis. We identified two dominant noroviras variants over the seasons: a new norovirus variant, recently described as the GGIIb genetic cluster, dominated among children during the first season, and during the following two seasons, a GGII-4 variant dominated. Our data suggest that norovirus infections are common, not only among adults, but also among children, and that some strains may predominantly affect children. Copyright © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
|
|
| 47. |
- van der Vaart, JM, et al.
(författare)
-
Reduction in morbidity of rotavirus induced diarrhoea in mice by yeast produced monovalent llama-derived antibody fragments.
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-410X .- 1873-2518. ; 24:41, s. 4130-4137
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Apart from the use of oral rehydration solution, there are currently no treatment modalities for rotavirus induced diarrhoea, which is particularly relevant to developing countries. Fragments derived from llama heavy chain antibodies were previously shown to be highly stable, efficiently produced in yeast and exhibiting high epitope specific affinity. We now aim to demonstrate that these antibody fragments are capable of reducing morbidity of rotavirus induced diarrhoea. Here we show the isolation of rotavirus specific antibody fragments and their capability of reducing the morbidity of rotavirus induced diarrhoea in vivo in mice. They could provide a treatment modality for the moderation of human rotavirus infections having a significant impact on the course of an often fatal childhood disease.
|
|
| 48. |
|
|
