| 11. |
- Aasmundtveit, K.E., et al.
(författare)
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Structural ordering in phenyl-substituted polythiophenes
- 2000
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Ingår i: Macromolecules. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0024-9297 .- 1520-5835. ; 33:15, s. 5481-5489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Various substituted poly(phenylthiophene)s have been studied by X-ray diffraction. They are semicrystalline, with very different degrees of crystallinity. Those with para-substituted phenyl groups have a low degree of crystallinity, whereas those with ortho-substituted phenyl groups are more crystalline. The most crystalline materials in this study have two equally long substituents on the phenyl ring, one at the ortho position and the other at the ortho or meta position on the opposite side of the phenyl ring. Poly(3-(2,5-dioctylphenyl)thiophene) (PDOPT) was most thoroughly studied, and a structural model is proposed. The structure of PDOPT is quite different from previously studied substituted polythiophenes in that the octyl side chains are directed normal to the thiophene planes. In this way, the conjugated polymer chains are kept separated from each other. Solution-cast and spin-cast PDOPT films are anisotropic, with the octyl side chains oriented normal to the film surface in both cases. This is contrary to the situation for poly(3-alkylthiophene)s, where solution-cast and spin-cast films orient in different ways.
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| 12. |
- Acosta, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology, risk and prognostic factors in mesenteric venous thrombosis.
- 2008
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Ingår i: British Journal of Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1365-2168 .- 0007-1323. ; Aug 21, s. 1245-1251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND:: Epidemiological reports on risk and prognostic factors in patients with mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT) are scarce. METHODS:: Patients with MVT were identified through the inpatient and autopsy registry between 2000 and 2006 at Malmö University Hospital. RESULTS:: Fifty-one patients had MVT, diagnosed at autopsy in six. The highest incidence (11.3 per 100 000 person-years) was in the age category 70-79 years. Activated protein C resistance was present in 13 of 29 patients tested. D-dimer at admission was raised in all five patients tested. Multidetector row computed tomography (CT) in the portal venous phase was diagnostic in all 20 patients investigated, of whom 19 were managed conservatively. The median length of resected bowel in 12 patients who had surgery was 0.6 (range 0.1-2.2) m. The overall 30-day mortality rate was 20 per cent; intestinal infarction (P = 0.046), treatment on a non-surgical ward (P = 0.001) and CT not done (P = 0.022) were associated with increased mortality. Cancer was independently associated with long-term mortality: hazard ratio 4.03, 95 per cent confidence interval 1.03 to 15.85; P = 0.046. CONCLUSION:: Portal venous phase CT appeared sensitive in diagnosing MVT. As activated protein C resistance was a strong risk factor, lifelong anticoagulation should be considered. Copyright (c) 2008 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Admassie, Shimelis, et al.
(författare)
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A polymer photodiode using vapour-phase polymerized PEDOT as an anode
- 2006
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Ingår i: Solar Energy Materials & Solar Cells. ; 90:2, s. 133-141
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the photovoltaic properties of devices made using a highly conducting polymer electrode, from vapor-phase polymd. poly (3,4-ethylenedioxy) thiophene (VPP PEDOT) on glass substrate as an anode and a polyfluorene copolymer poly[2,7-(9,9-dioctyl-fluorene)-alt-5,5-(4',7'-di-2thienyl-2',1'3'-benzothiadiazole)] (APFO-3) mixed with [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester (PCBM) in the ratio of 1:4 as the active layer. The device performance was compared with that of devices made with PEDOT-PSS on glass substrates. The surfaces of VPP PEDOT were imaged using at. force microscopy (AFM). [on SciFinder (R)]
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Althoff, David M., et al.
(författare)
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The influence of interaction type and feeding location on the phylogeographic structure of the yucca moth community associated with Hesperoyucca whipplei
- 2007
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Ingår i: Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. - : Elsevier BV. - 1095-9513 .- 1055-7903. ; 43:2, s. 398-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interactions between herbivorous insects and their host plants have been central in generating diversification in both groups. We used a community of four yucca moth species, monophagous on the host plant Hesperoyucca whipplei (Agavaceae), to examine how the type of interaction and where insects feed within a plant influence phylogeographic structure of herbivorous insects. These four species included two fruit-feeders, one mutualistic and one commensalistic, and two commensalistic stalk-feeders. Surveys based on mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I sequence data demonstrated that the moth species differed in phylogeographic history. Populations of the mutualist pollinator, Tegeticula maculata, exhibited the most subdivision in comparison to the three commensal Prodoxus species (both genera in Lepidoptera, Prodoxidae). Feeding location was also correlated with differences in phylogeographic history through its influence on population sizes and the probability of gene flow. The results suggest that both the outcome of interactions and where insects feed may influence population structure. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Anderbrant, Olle, et al.
(författare)
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Occurrence of Z- and E-strain Ostrinia nubilalis in Sweden shortly after first detection of the Z-strain
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Entomology. - 0931-2048. ; 148:2, s. 150-157
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The European corn borer (ECB), Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), is a major pest insect in maize. New cultivars and climate change have allowed range expansion of the crop northwards in Europe, and a similar range expansion of associated pests has been predicted. ECB exists as two distinct pheromone strains using different blends of (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate for sexual communication; in addition, the Z-strain feeds almost exclusively on maize. In Sweden, the maize cropping area has increased tenfold during the last two decades, increasing the potential for spread of the Z-strain, which was recorded for the first time in the country in 2010. Aim of the study/methods: In this study, we performed trapping experiments with strain-specific lures in maize fields in southern Sweden during 2013–2022 to monitor the presence and relative abundance of the two ECB strains and evaluate the potential increase of the Z-strain. Trapping was also performed at least 5 km away from maize fields. Molecular markers were used to verify the strain identity of trapped males and larvae that fed on maize. Results: Catch data revealed that both pheromone strains were present in the major maize cultivation areas of Sweden, as predicted by recent modelling studies. Our data indicate that the flight period of ECB in southern Sweden lasts from the middle of June to late August, with peak flight in July. Catches of both strains were low at all trapping sites and throughout the study period and decreased further during the years following the dry summer of 2018. No Z-strain males were trapped far away from maize fields. Conclusion: Based on our results, and the low levels of ECB-related damage observed in local maize fields, the Z-strain is currently not imposing a threat to Swedish maize growers.
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