| 31. |
- Kuosmanen, L., et al.
(författare)
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Development process of artificial intelligence based chatbot to support and promote mental wellbeing in sparsely populated areas of five European countries
- 2022
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Ingår i: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 65:1, SI, s. 168-168
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionIn many countries, people face problems regarding access to care, 24/7 support and evidence-based support. Digital interventions and services, such as chatbots, can be one option to tackle these challenges. There is a lack knowledge regarding how mental health chatbots are developed and how to ensure that there is collaboration between mental health and digital technology experts and users.ObjectivesThis presentation describes the phases of the development for the ChatPal mental health and wellbeing chatbot.MethodsDevelopment process was conducted in five and with four different languages. First, using an electronic survey for mental health professionals (n =190) we screened how familiar they are with chatbots and how they evaluated their potential. Second, university students and staff, mental health professionals and service users (n=78) participated in workshops to design the chatbot content. Finally, the content and scripts of chatbot were written in multi-professional and multi-national collaboration.ResultsChatPal is based on the PERMAH model of positive psychology and on the idea that we all have mental health which needs boosting and support from time to time. ChatPal includes relevant mental health information, exercises, mood diaries and simple monitoring and self-care tools. Based on preliminary evaluations, the ChatPal chatbot offers an option to offer support in areas where other mental health services are lacking or are insufficient.ConclusionsChatPal is already freely available in application stores and first scientific trials are have started. Preliminary results of 4-week and subsequent 12-week in-the-wild trials will be in place at the time of EPA 2022 conference.
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| 32. |
- Liu, A., et al.
(författare)
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Evidence from Finland and Sweden on the relationship between early-life diseases and lifetime childlessness in men and women
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Human Behaviour. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2397-3374.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The percentage of people without children over their lifetime is approximately 25% in men and 20% in women. Individual diseases have been linked to childlessness, mostly in women, yet we lack a comprehensive picture of the effect of early-life diseases on lifetime childlessness. We examined all individuals born in 1956-1968 (men) and 1956-1973 (women) in Finland (n = 1,035,928) and Sweden (n = 1,509,092) to the completion of their reproductive lifespan in 2018. Leveraging nationwide registers, we associated sociodemographic and reproductive information with 414 diseases across 16 categories, using a population and matched-pair case-control design of siblings discordant for childlessness (71,524 full sisters and 77,622 full brothers). The strongest associations were mental-behavioural disorders (particularly among men), congenital anomalies and endocrine-nutritional-metabolic disorders (strongest among women). We identified new associations for inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Associations were dependent on age at onset and mediated by singlehood and education. This evidence can be used to understand how disease contributes to involuntary childlessness.
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| 35. |
- Potts, C., et al.
(författare)
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Chatbots to Support Mental Wellbeing of People Living in Rural Areas: Can User Groups Contribute to Co-design?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science. - : Springer. - 2366-5963. ; 6, s. 652-665
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital technologies such as chatbots can be used in the field of mental health. In particular, chatbots can be used to support citizens living in sparsely populated areas who face problems such as poor access to mental health services, lack of 24/7 support, barriers to engagement, lack of age appropriate support and reductions in health budgets. The aim of this study was to establish if user groups can design content for a chatbot to support the mental wellbeing of individuals in rural areas. University students and staff, mental health professionals and mental health service users (N = 78 total) were recruited to workshops across Northern Ireland, Ireland, Scotland, Finland and Sweden. The findings revealed that participants wanted a positive chatbot that was able to listen, support, inform and build a rapport with users. Gamification could be used within the chatbot to increase user engagement and retention. Content within the chatbot could include validated mental health scales and appropriate response triggers, such as signposting to external resources should the user disclose potentially harmful information or suicidal intent. Overall, the workshop participants identified user needs which can be transformed into chatbot requirements. Responsible design of mental healthcare chatbots should consider what users want or need, but also what chatbot features artificial intelligence can competently facilitate and which features mental health professionals would endorse.
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