| 51. |
- Lindén, Tomas, et al.
(author)
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Serum triglycerides and HDL cholesterol--major predictors of long-term survival after coronary surgery.
- 1994
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In: European heart journal. - 0195-668X. ; 15:6, s. 747-52
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence of pre-operative serum lipid levels on late clinical outcome after coronary artery bypass surgery was analysed in 83 patients undergoing coronary bypass surgery for stable angina pectoris. The mean follow-up period for surviving patients was 105 +/- 33 months (range 65-133). Twenty-two patients (27%) had died during follow-up, of whom 14 had sustained a fatal myocardial infarction and four had succumbed to other cardiovascular causes. Thirty-one patients sustained 35 cardiac events, defined as either fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction, or reoperation, or PTCA during the follow-up period. With univariate analysis, pre-operative serum levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides were significantly related to cardiac events, P < 0.05 and P < 0.05, respectively. In a Cox proportional analysis, cardiac mortality and total mortality were related to serum triglycerides and HDL cholesterol (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01 respectively). Eighty-five percent of the patients with triglycerides < 2.0 mM.l-1 survived for 10 years, while only 48% of patients with triglycerides > 2.0 mM.l-1 remained alive for that period. Figures were similar for subjects with HDL cholesterol > 1.0 mM.l-1 or HDL cholesterol < 1.0 mM.l-1, at 89 and 38%, respectively. Only 28% of the patients with the combination triglycerides > 2.0 mM.l-1 and HDL cholesterol < 1.0 mM.l-1 were alive 10 years after surgery. These data suggest that dyslipidaemia, especially the combination of high serum triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol, is an important factor influencing long-term clinical outcome after coronary bypass surgery.
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| 52. |
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| 53. |
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| 54. |
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| 55. |
- Mach, François, et al.
(author)
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Adverse effects of statin therapy: perception vs. the evidence - focus on glucose homeostasis, cognitive, renal and hepatic function, haemorrhagic stroke and cataract
- 2018
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In: European heart journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1522-9645 .- 0195-668X. ; 39:27
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To objectively appraise evidence for possible adverse effects of long-term statin therapy on glucose homeostasis, cognitive, renal and hepatic function, and risk for haemorrhagic stroke or cataract.A literature search covering 2000-2017 was performed. The Panel critically appraised the data and agreed by consensus on the categorization of reported adverse effects. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and genetic studies show that statin therapy is associated with a modest increase in the risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus (about one per thousand patient-years), generally defined by laboratory findings (glycated haemoglobin ≥6.5); this risk is significantly higher in the metabolic syndrome or prediabetes. Statin treatment does not adversely affect cognitive function, even at very low levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and is not associated with clinically significant deterioration of renal function, or development of cataract. Transient increases in liver enzymes occur in 0.5-2% of patients taking statins but are not clinically relevant; idiosyncratic liver injury due to statins is very rare and causality difficult to prove. The evidence base does not support an increased risk of haemorrhagic stroke in individuals without cerebrovascular disease; a small increase in risk was suggested by the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction of Cholesterol Levels study in subjects with prior stroke but has not been confirmed in the substantive evidence base of RCTs, cohort studies and case-control studies.Long-term statin treatment is remarkably safe with a low risk of clinically relevant adverse effects as defined above; statin-associated muscle symptoms were discussed in a previous Consensus Statement. Importantly, the established cardiovascular benefits of statin therapy far outweigh the risk of adverse effects.
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| 56. |
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| 57. |
- Maglio, Cristina, 1983, et al.
(author)
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The IRS1 rs2943641 Variant and Risk of Future Cancer Among Morbidly Obese Individuals.
- 2013
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In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 98:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context:Obesity and insulin resistance are risk factors for cancer development. The IRS1 rs2943641 genetic variant has been widely associated with insulin resistance.Objective:The aim of the study was to examine whether the IRS1 rs2943641 associates with cancer incidence in obese individuals.Design, Setting and Patients:The IRS1 rs2943641 was genotyped in participants from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study, an intervention trial on the effect of bariatric surgery on mortality and morbidity compared with usual care and in the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer (MDC) cohort. In both studies, the median follow-up for cancer incidence was about 15 years.Intervention and Main Outcome Measure:Cancer incidence was assessed in both the SOS and the MDC cohorts through national and local registers.Results:The IRS1 T allele was associated with lower insulin resistance in both the SOS and the MDC studies. A lower cancer incidence was found in T allele carriers from the SOS control group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.77, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.62-0.96; P = .021) and was restricted to morbidly obese individuals (HR 0.67, 95% CI 0.50-0.91; P = .011). No evidence of such association was detected in the surgery group (interaction P = .005). In the MDC cohort, a nonsignificant tendency for lower cancer incidence in T allele carriers was observed only in morbidly obese individuals. A meta-analysis of morbidly obese individuals (body mass index > 40 kg/m(2)) from the two cohorts strengthened the evidence for the association (HR 0.66, 95% CI 0.50-0.87; P = .004).Conclusions:Our results suggest that the T allele of rs2943641 near IRS1 may associate with lower cancer incidence in morbidly obese individuals.
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| 58. |
- Magnusson, Lisa U., 1975, et al.
(author)
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Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase Type B Knockdown Leads to Reduced Lipid Accumulation and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis
- 2012
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In: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Inflammation in the vascular wall is important for development of atherosclerosis. We have shown previously that arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B (ALOX15B) is more highly expressed in human atherosclerotic lesions than in healthy arteries. This enzyme oxidizes fatty acids to substances that promote local inflammation and is expressed in lipid-loaded macrophages (foam cells) present in the atherosclerotic lesions. Here, we investigated the role of ALOX15B in foam cell formation in human primary macrophages and found that silencing of human ALOX15B decreased cellular lipid accumulation as well as proinflammatory cytokine secretion from macrophages. To investigate the role of ALOX15B in promoting the development of atherosclerosis in vivo, we used lentiviral shRNA silencing and bone marrow transplantation to knockdown mouse Alox15b gene expression in LDL-receptor-deficient (Ldlr(-/-)) mice. Knockdown of mouse Alox15b in vivo decreased plaque lipid content and markers of inflammation. In summary, we have shown that ALOX15B influences progression of atherosclerosis, indicating that this enzyme has an active proatherogenic role.
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| 59. |
- Mancina, Rosellina Margherita, et al.
(author)
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COBLL1 rs7607980 genetic variant and insulin resistance in overweight and obese children.
- 2013
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In: Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews. - : Wiley. - 1520-7560 .- 1520-7552. ; 29:5, s. 413-6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic worldwide and it is associated with metabolic complications, such as insulin resistance. Recently, a genetic variation (rs7607980) in the cordon-bleu protein-like 1 (COBLL1) gene has been associated with lower insulin resistance in adults. The aim of the study was to investigate if the association between COBLL1 rs7607980 genetic variant and lower insulin resistance was present early in life. METHODS: This sequence variant was genotyped in 878 overweight and obese children (mean age: 10years) from Sardinia, Italy, from the outpatient clinic of the Pediatric Endocrine Unit, at the Regional Hospital for Microcitaemia in Cagliari. Insulin resistance was assessed by measurement of fasting circulating insulin levels before and after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and by homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). RESULTS: The COBLL1 rs7607980 C allele was associated with lower fasting insulin and HOMA-IR levels (P=0.002 and P=0.035, respectively) in overweight and obese children. Importantly, lower insulin levels were also observed two hours after OGTT in C allele carriers (P=0.009). CONCLUSIONS: The present study shows for the first time the association between COBLL1 rs7607980 C allele, lower serum insulin levels and lower insulin resistance in overweight and obese children. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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| 60. |
- Mancina, Rosellina Margherita, et al.
(author)
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The MBOAT7-TMC4 Variant rs641738 Increases Risk of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Individuals of European Descent.
- 2016
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In: Gastroenterology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-0012 .- 0016-5085. ; 150:5, s. 1219-1230
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a leading cause of liver damage and is characterized by steatosis. Genetic factors increase risk for progressive NAFLD. A genome-wide association study showed that the rs641738 C>T variant in the locus that contains the membrane bound O-acyltransferase domain-containing 7 gene (MBOAT7, also called LPIAT1) and transmembrane channel-like 4 gene (TMC4) increased the risk for cirrhosis in alcohol abusers. We investigated whether the MBOAT7-TMC4 is a susceptibility locus for the development and progression of NAFLD.
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