| 2001. |
- Tang, C A, et al.
(författare)
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Fracture spacing in layered materials and pattern transition from parallel to polygonal fractures
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physical Review E. Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics. - 1539-3755 .- 1550-2376. ; 73:5, s. 056120-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We perform three-dimensional simulations of fracture growth in a three-layered plate model with an embedded heterogeneous layer under horizontal biaxial stretch (representing stretch from directional to isotropic) by the finite element approach. The fractures develop under a quasistatical, slowly increasing biaxial strain. The material inhomogeneities are accounted for by assigning each element a failure threshold that is defined by a given statistical distribution. A universal scale law of fracture spacing to biaxial strain in terms of principal stress ratio is well demonstrated in a three-dimensional fashion. The numerically obtained fracture patterns show a continuous pattern transition from parallel fractures, laddering fracture to polygonal fractures, which depends strongly on the far-field loading conditions in terms of principal stress ratio ......
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| 2002. |
- Tang, X. D., et al.
(författare)
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ALMA view of the C-12/C-13 isotopic ratio in starburst galaxies
- 2019
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 629
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We derive molecular-gas-phase C-12/C-13 isotope ratios for the central few hundred parsecs of the three nearby starburst galaxies NGC 253, NGC 1068, and NGC 4945 making use of the lambda similar to 3 mm (CN)-C-12 and (CNN)-C-13= 1-0 lines in the ALMA Band 3. The C-12/C-13 isotopic ratios derived from the ratios of these lines range from 30 to 67 with an average of 41.6 +/- 0.2 in NGC 253, from 24 to 62 with an average of 38.3 +/- 0.4 in NGC 1068, and from 6 to 44 with an average of 16.9 +/- 0.3 in NGC 4945. The highest C-12/C-13 isotopic ratios are determined in some of the outskirts of the nuclear regions of the three starburst galaxies. The lowest ratios are associated with the northeastern and southwestern molecular peaks of NGC 253, the northeastern and southwestern edge of the mapped region in NGC 1068, and the very center of NGC 4945. In the case of NGC 1068, the measured ratios suggest inflow from the outer part of NGC 1068 into the circum-nuclear disk through both the halo and the bar. Low C-12/C-13 isotopic ratios in the central regions of these starburst galaxies indicate the presence of highly processed material.
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| 2003. |
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| 2004. |
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| 2005. |
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| 2006. |
- Thinh, N. Q., et al.
(författare)
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Identification of Ga-interstitial defects in GaNyP1−y and AlxGa1−xNyP1−y
- 2004
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Ingår i: Physical Review B. Condensed Matter and Materials Physics. - : APS. - 1098-0121 .- 1550-235X. ; 70:12, s. 121201-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two Ga -interstitial (Gai) defects are identified by optically detected magnetic resonance as common grown-in defects in molecular beam epitaxial GaNyP1−y and AlxGa1−xNyP1−y. Characteristic hyperfine structure arising from spin interaction between an unpaired electron and a Ga nucleus is clearly resolved. The observed strong and nearly isotropic hyperfine interaction reveals an electron wave function of A1 symmetry that is highly localized at the Gai and thus a deep-level defect. Our analysis based on first-principles calculations suggests that these defects are complexes containing one Gai2+ .
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| 2007. |
- Tian, S., et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of the Thermal Shock Behavior of Mo-Containing TiAl Alloys
- 2022
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Ingår i: Advanced Engineering Materials. - : Wiley. - 1438-1656 .- 1527-2648. ; 24:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TiAl alloys undergo cyclic temperature changes during use, the process of which can be simulated by the thermal shock test. A systematic investigation of the thermal shock behavior of four Mo-containing TiAl alloys is conducted. The increase in Mo content from 1.0% to 4.0% causes the gradual decrease in the volume fraction of γ/α2 lamellar colony, while the volume fraction of equiaxed γ and βo phases gradually increases. At the same time, the thermal shock resistance of the TiAl alloys decreases as the Mo content increases. After thermal shock, cracks often occur within the lamellae and extend in a zigzag manner for TiAl−1.0Mo and TiAl−1.5Mo alloys. Their thermal shock resistance is enhanced by crack deflection, bridging, and microcrack shielding. For TiAl−2.0Mo and TiAl−4.0Mo alloys, cracks occur at the grain boundaries or within the γ phase and extend straight, with the result that these two alloys have worse thermal shock resistance than the other two alloys due to the limited effect of microcrack shielding. In addition, the microstructure stability of TiAl alloys after thermal shock is discussed, and there is a critical value of Mo content between 3.13% and 5.67%, which inhibits the βo → ω phase transition.
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| 2008. |
- Tulstrup, M., et al.
(författare)
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NT5C2 germline variants alter thiopurine metabolism and are associated with acquired NT5C2 relapse mutations in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia
- 2018
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Ingår i: Leukemia. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0887-6924 .- 1476-5551. ; 32:12, s. 2527-2535
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The antileukaemic drug 6-mercaptopurine is converted into thioguanine nucleotides (TGN) and incorporated into DNA (DNA-TG), the active end metabolite. In a series of genome-wide association studies, we analysed time-weighted means ((wm)) of erythrocyte concentrations of TGN (Ery-TGN) and DNA-TG in 1009 patients undergoing maintenance therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). In discovery analyses (454 patients), the propensity for DNA-TG incorporation ((wm)DNA-TG/(wm)Ery-TGN ratio) was significantly associated with three intronic SNPs in NT5C2 (top hit: rs72846714; P - 2.09 x 10(-10), minor allele frequency 15%). In validation analyses (555 patients), this association remained significant during both early and late maintenance therapy (P - 8.4 x 10(-6) and 1.3 x 10(-3), respectively). The association was mostly driven by differences in (wm)Ery-TGN, but in regression analyses adjusted for wmEry-TGN (P < 0.0001), rs72846714-A genotype was also associated with a higher (wm)DNA-TG (P - 0.029). Targeted sequencing of NT5C2 did not identify any missense variants associated with rs72846714 or (wm)Ery-TGN/(wm)DNA-TG. rs72846714 was not associated with relapse risk, but in a separate cohort of 180 children with relapsed ALL, rs72846714-A genotype was associated with increased occurrence of relapse-specific NT5C2 gain-of-function mutations that reduce cytosol TGN levels (P = 0.03). These observations highlight the impact of both germline and acquired mutations in drug metabolism and disease trajectory.
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| 2009. |
- van de Vegte, Yordi, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic insights into resting heart rate and its role in cardiovascular disease
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The genetics and clinical consequences of resting heart rate (RHR) remain incompletely understood. Here, the authors discover new genetic variants associated with RHR and find that higher genetically predicted RHR decreases risk of atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Resting heart rate is associated with cardiovascular diseases and mortality in observational and Mendelian randomization studies. The aims of this study are to extend the number of resting heart rate associated genetic variants and to obtain further insights in resting heart rate biology and its clinical consequences. A genome-wide meta-analysis of 100 studies in up to 835,465 individuals reveals 493 independent genetic variants in 352 loci, including 68 genetic variants outside previously identified resting heart rate associated loci. We prioritize 670 genes and in silico annotations point to their enrichment in cardiomyocytes and provide insights in their ECG signature. Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses indicate that higher genetically predicted resting heart rate increases risk of dilated cardiomyopathy, but decreases risk of developing atrial fibrillation, ischemic stroke, and cardio-embolic stroke. We do not find evidence for a linear or non-linear genetic association between resting heart rate and all-cause mortality in contrast to our previous Mendelian randomization study. Systematic alteration of key differences between the current and previous Mendelian randomization study indicates that the most likely cause of the discrepancy between these studies arises from false positive findings in previous one-sample MR analyses caused by weak-instrument bias at lower P-value thresholds. The results extend our understanding of resting heart rate biology and give additional insights in its role in cardiovascular disease development.
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| 2010. |
- Wang, B., et al.
(författare)
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An Association Study of SNP+45 T > G of the AdipoQ Gene with Type 2 Diabetes in Yi and Han People in China
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. - : Hogrefe Publishing Group. - 0300-9831 .- 1664-2821. ; 81:6, s. 392-397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Yi people are considered the most primitive society in China, and live in the remote mountainous areas of Southwestern China. There have been no previous publications on genetic research concerning type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the Yi people. This is the first report that presents the association between SNP + 45 T > G (rs2241766) of the AdipoQ gene and T2D in Yi people. Our previous study showed that the prevalence of T2D in Yi people was lower than the national level in 2008. Genetic differences between Yi and Han people might be one possible explanation for this observation. Studies on the single nucleotide polymorphism SNP + 45 T > G (rs2241766) of the AdipoQ gene in Chinese Han people showed inconsistent results. This study was designed to identify genetic variants of the AdipoQ gene that contribute to the development of T2D in Yi and Han people. Methods: A case-control study on the association between SNP + 45 T > G (rs2241766) of the AdipoQ gene and T2D was carried out based on a cross-sectional study in the Liangshan area, Sichuan province in Southwestern China. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) technique was used to test for the presence of SNP + 45 T > G (rs2241766) in the AdipoQ gene. Results: Distributions of genotypes variants (TT/GG/TG) were not significantly different between T2D cases and controls both in Yi and Han people in China (p > 0.05). The allele frequencies (T/G) demonstrated a non-significant association with T2D, displaying OR of 1.1 (95 % CI: 0.8, 1.6) in Yi people and OR of 1.0 (95 % CI: 0.7, 1.4) in Han people. Conclusions: The SNP + 45 (rs2241766) of the AdipoQ gene is not associated with T2D neither in Yi nor in Han people in southwestern China.
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