| 2181. |
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| 2182. |
- Tanaka, Tomotaka, et al.
(författare)
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Head-to-head comparison of amplified plasmonic exosome Aβ42 platform and single-molecule array immunoassay in a memory clinic cohort
- 2021
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : Wiley. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 28:5, s. 1479-1489
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and purpose: Various blood biomarkers reflecting brain amyloid-β (Aβ) load have recently been proposed with promising results. However, to date, no comparative study amongst blood biomarkers has been reported. Our objective was to examine the diagnostic performance and cost effectiveness of three blood biomarkers on the same cohort. Methods: Using the same cohort (n = 68), the performances of the single-molecule array (Simoa) Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ42/Aβ40 and the amplified plasmonic exosome (APEX) Aβ42 blood biomarkers were compared using amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) as the reference standard. The extent to which these blood tests can reduce the recruitment cost of clinical trials was also determined by identifying amyloid positive (Aβ+) participants. Results: Compared to Simoa biomarkers, APEX-Aβ42 showed significantly higher correlations with amyloid PET retention values and excellent diagnostic performance (sensitivity 100%, specificity 93.3%, area under the curve 0.995). When utilized for clinical trial recruitment, our simulation showed that pre-screening with blood biomarkers followed by a confirmatory amyloid PET imaging would roughly half the cost (56.8% reduction for APEX-Aβ42 and 48.6% for Simoa-Aβ42/Aβ40) compared to the situation where only PET imaging is used. Moreover, with 100% sensitivity, APEX-Aβ42 pre-screening does not increase the required number of initial participants. Conclusions: With its high diagnostic performance, APEX is an ideal candidate for Aβ+ subject identification, monitoring and primary care screening, and could efficiently enrich clinical trials with Aβ+ participants whilst halving recruitment costs.
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| 2183. |
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| 2184. |
- Tate, A. E., et al.
(författare)
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Association and Familial Coaggregation of Type 1 Diabetes and Eating Disorders: A Register-Based Cohort Study in Denmark and Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : American Diabetes Association. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 44:5, s. 1143-1150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE To ascertain the association and coaggregation of eating disorders and childhood-onset type 1 diabetes in families. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Using population samples from national registers in Sweden (n = 2,517,277) and Demark (n = 1,825,920), we investigated the within-individual association between type 1 diabetes and eating disorders and their familial coaggregation among full siblings, half siblings, full cousins, and half cousins. On the basis of clinical diagnoses, we classified eating disorders into any eating disorder (AED), anorexia nervosa (AN) and atypical AN, and other eating disorder (OED). Associations were determined with hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs from Cox regressions. RESULTS Swedish and Danish individuals with a type 1 diabetes diagnosis had a greater risk of receiving an eating disorder diagnosis (HR [95% CI] Sweden: AED 2.02 [1.80-2.27], AN 1.63 [1.36-1.96], OED 2.34 [2.07-2.63]; Denmark: AED 2.19 [1.84-2.61], AN 1.78 [1.36-2.33], OED 2.65 [2.20-3.21]). We also meta-analyzed the results: AED 2.07 (1.88-2.28), AN 1.68 (1.44-1.95), OED 2.44 (2.17-2.72). There was an increased risk of receiving an eating disorder diagnosis in full siblings in the Swedish cohort (AED 1.25 [1.07-1.46], AN 1.28 [1.04-1.57], OED 1.28 [1.07-1.52]); these results were nonsignificant in the Danish cohort. CONCLUSIONS Patients with type 1 diabetes are at a higher risk of subsequent eating disorders; however, there is conflicting support for the relationship between having a sibling with type 1 diabetes and an eating disorder diagnosis. Diabetes health care teams should be vigilant about disordered eating behaviors in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
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| 2185. |
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| 2186. |
- Tian, Weiqian, et al.
(författare)
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Liquid-phase exfoliation of layered biochars into multifunctional heteroatom (Fe, N, S) co-doped graphene-like carbon nanosheets
- 2020
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We here report a liquid-phase exfoliation strategy to delaminate multilayered biochars into multi-heteroatom (Fe, N, S) co-doped graphene-like carbon nanosheets, in which the multilayered biochars derived from naturally evolved layer-by-layer precursors. This strategy provides the versatile capability to tailor the textural properties of the as-synthesized carbon nanosheets, such as obtaining a controllable specific surface area of up to 2491 m2 g−1. Thanks to the unique integration of graphene-like microstructures with a thickness of 4.3 nm, large specific surface area and hierarchical pores, homogenous co-doping of N, S, and Fe, and high electronic conductivity, the as-synthesized Fe-N-S co-doped carbon nanosheets could act as multifunctional electrodes for electrocatalytic process of oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and capacitive energy storage. The optimized nanosheets showed a better ORR catalytic performance than commercial Pt/C catalyst, with a more positive onset potential (1.026 V) and half-wave potential (0.829 V), higher long-term stability, and outstanding methanol tolerance in alkaline mediums. Furthermore, the porous carbon nanosheets exhibited excellent supercapacitive performances which delivered a high energy density of 29.1 Wh kg−1 at a high power density of up to 39.5 kW kg−1 in an ionic liquid electrolyte. This liquid-phase exfoliation strategy will offer new inspiration for the synthesis of various biomass-derived graphene-like carbon nanosheets for multifunctional applications.
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