| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Batool, Tahira, et al.
(författare)
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Upregulated BMP-Smad signaling activity in the glucuronyl C5-epimerase knock out MEF cells
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cellular Signalling. - : Elsevier. - 0898-6568 .- 1873-3913. ; 54, s. 122-129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glucuronyl C5-epimerase (Hsepi) catalyzes the conversion of glucuronic acid to iduronic acid in the process of heparan sulfate biosynthesis. Targeted interruption of the gene, Glce,in mice resulted in neonatal lethality with varied defects in organ development. To understand the molecular mechanisms of the phenotypes, we used mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEF) as a model to examine selected signaling pathways. Our earlier studies found reduced activities of FGF-2, GDNF, but increased activity of sonic hedgehog in the mutant cells. In this study, we focused on the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway. Western blotting detected substantially elevated endogenous Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation in the Hsepi mutant (KO) MEF cells, which is reverted by re-expression of the enzyme in the KO cells. The mutant cells displayed an enhanced proliferation and elevated alkaline phosphatase activity, marking higher differentiation, when cultured in osteogenic medium. The high level of Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation was also found in primary calvarial cells isolated from the KO mice. Analysis of the genes involved in the BMP signaling pathway revealed upregulation of a number of BMP ligands, but reduced expression of several Smads and BMP antagonist (Grem1) in the KO MEF cells. The results suggest that Hsepi expression modulates BMP signaling activity, which, at least partially, is associated with defected molecular structure of heparan sulfate expressed in the cells.
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| 14. |
- Fang, Keyan, et al.
(författare)
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An interdecadal climate dipole between Northeast Asia and Antarctica over the past five centuries
- 2019
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Ingår i: Climate Dynamics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-7575 .- 1432-0894. ; 52:1/2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature Climate models emphasize the need to investigate inter-hemispheric climatic interactions. However, these models often underestimate the inter-hemispheric differences in climate change. With the wide application of reanalysis data since 1948, we identified a dipole pattern between the geopotential heights (GPHs) in Northeast Asia and Antarctica on the interdecadal scale in boreal summer. This Northeast Asia/Antarctica (NAA) dipole pattern is not conspicuous on the interannual scale, probably in that the interannual inter-hemispheric climate interaction is masked by strong interannual signals in the tropics associated with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Unfortunately, the instrumental records are not sufficiently long-lasting to detect the interdecadal variability of the NAA. We thus reconstructed GPHs since 1565, making using the proxy records mostly from tree rings in Northeast Asia and ice cores from Antarctica. The strength of the NAA is time-varying and it is most conspicuous in the eighteenth century and after the late twentieth century. The strength of the NAA matches well with the variations of the solar radiation and tends to increase in along with its enhancement. In boreal summer, enhanced heating associated with high solar radiation in the Northern Hemisphere drives more air masses from the South to the North. This inter-hemispheric interaction is particularly strong in East Asia as a result of the Asian summer monsoon. Northeast Asia and Antarctica appear to be the key regions responsible for inter-hemispheric interactions on the interdecadal scale in boreal summer since they are respectively located at the front and the end of this inter-hemispheric trajectory.
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| 15. |
- Fang, Keyan, et al.
(författare)
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Interdecadal modulation of the Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation (AMO) on southwest China’s temperature over the past 250 years
- 2019
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Ingår i: Climate Dynamics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-7575 .- 1432-0894. ; 52:3/4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2018 Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature The temperature gradient between southwestern China and Indian Ocean is one key driver of the Indian Summer Monsoon, suggesting the necessity to understand temperature variability in southwestern China. Contrary to the general warming experienced in most of China, a few regions in southwestern China have undergone a cooling trend since the 1950s. To place this cooling trend in a historical context, this study develops an Abies fabri tree-ring width chronology in the Sichuan Basin, the most populated region in southwest China. The chronology spans from 1590 to 2012, with its reliable portion from 1758 to 2012, by far the longest in the Sichuan Basin. To better extract regional climate signals encoded in tree rings with strong local disturbances, we incorporate climate signals of nearby tree-ring chronologies to generate a large-scale tree-ring chronology (LSC). The LSC shows higher correlations with temperature near the sampling site on Mount Emei and sea surface temperatures of the northern Atlantic Ocean than chronologies developed using traditional methods. The highest correlations between the LSC and temperature are found from current February to July in the Sichuan Basin for the period 1901–1950 (r = 0.70), with a sharp decrease afterwards. Interdecadal variations of the LSC match well with Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation reconstructions, except for the late nineteenth century and after ~ 1980s. This study provides evidence that southwest China is a transitional region both affected by the interdecadal temperature variations of the northern Atlantic and Asian areas, although their influences weakened in recent possible due to enhanced human activities.
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| 16. |
- Fu, Lixin, et al.
(författare)
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Nanocoating inside porous PE separator enables enhanced ionic transport of GPE and stable cycling of Li-metal anode
- 2019
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Ingår i: Research on chemical intermediates (Print). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0922-6168 .- 1568-5675. ; 45:10, s. 4959-4973
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, a simple and feasible method for preparing gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) with good ionic transport properties and mechanical stability is proposed. A ZrO2/KH570/PU/P123 layer was formed on the outer and inner pore surfaces of PE separator before in situ polymerization by a simple one-step dipping coating process. This coating layer changes the PE separator surface from hydrophobic to hydrophilic, and therefore facilitates the uniform spreading of the GPE precursor solution on the PE surface to enable the formation of highly uniform GPE. Moreover, it effectively compensates the negative effects of in situ gelatinization on the ionic transport behavior of the final PE-supported GPE. This GPE possesses excellent ion transport properties and mechanical stability, as well as improves the static and dynamic interfacial stability with lithium metal anode. When using metallic lithium and LiCoO2 to assemble cells, this PE-supported GPE affords improved C-rate capability, cycling performance and effective dendrite inhibition. [GRAPHICS] .
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Jing, Shuping, et al.
(författare)
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Household Transmission of Human Adenovirus Type 55 in Case of Fatal Acute Respiratory Disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Emerging Infectious Diseases. - : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). - 1080-6040 .- 1080-6059. ; 25:9, s. 1756-1758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We identified a case of fatal acute respiratory disease from household transmission of human adenovirus type 55 (HAdV-55) in Anhui Province, China. Computed tomography showed severe pneumonia. Comparative genomic analysis of HAdV-55 indicated the virus possibly originated in Shanxi Province, China. More attention should be paid to highly contagious HAdV-55.
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| 19. |
- Li, Y. J., et al.
(författare)
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Growth decline of Pinus Massoniana in response to warming induced drought and increasing intrinsic water use efficiency in humid subtropical China
- 2019
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Ingår i: Dendrochronologia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1125-7865. ; 57:October
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pinus Massoniana is the most widely distributed coniferous species in southern China and one of the most distributed species for plantation in China. It is not uncertain about the responses of tree growth to the combined effects of regional drying and the increase in the intrinsic water-use efficiency (iWUE) due to increased atmospheric CO2. This study addressed this issue by comparing the tree growth patterns as represented by three tree-ring width chronologies with climate variables and three iWUE series derived from three tree-ring stable carbon isotope discrimination chronologies (Delta C-13) from Pinus Massoniana in Daiyun Mountain, central Fujian province of China. Among these chronologies, we reported the first tree-ring carbon isotope discrimination chronologies (Delta C-13) from Fuzhou area spanning last 210 years. It was found that tree radial growth is mainly limited by dry condition from May to October. Growth limitation by cold condition was only found in one high altitude site (780m) in early spring and late autumn. The tree-ring carbon discrimination was enhanced under conditions with low relative humidity and sufficient sunshine in late summer and autumn. In general, the iWUE showed a significantly increasing trend since the 1850s for all the sites in response to the increase in atmospheric CO2. However, the growth promotion of the increased iWUE on tree growth could not compensate the growth limitation caused by drought. Especially since the 1960s, a growth decline was found at two drought stressed sites at low altitudes. On the other hand, the increase in temperature of spring and autumn and iWUE has most likely enhanced tree growth at the high altitude site.
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| 20. |
- Liu, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Household renovation before and during pregnancy in relation to preterm birth and low birthweight in China
- 2019
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Ingår i: Indoor Air. - : WILEY. - 0905-6947 .- 1600-0668. ; 29:2, s. 202-214
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From October 2010 to April 2012, we conducted a cross-sectional study of associations between household environments and childhood health among preschool children in eight Chinese cities. Here, we analyze associations of early household renovation with preterm birth (PTB), low birthweight (LBW), term low birthweight (Term-LBW), and small for gestational age (SGA). Parents responded to questions about household renovation and their children's gestational age and birthweight. In the multivariate logistic regression analyses, household renovation in the year before pregnancy was significantly associated with LBW (sample size: N = 25 813; adjusted odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.23, 1.01-1.50) and Term-LBW (N = 24 823; 1.29, 1.01-1.67). Household renovation during pregnancy was significantly associated with PTB (N = 25 202; 1.28, 1.01-1.69). These significant associations were also found in the two-level (city-child) logistic regression analyses and in the sensitivity analyses among 21 009 children with complete data in all studied variates. Stronger associations were found in certain subgroups. Our findings indicate that household renovation within one year before pregnancy might be a risk factor for LBW and Term-LBW, while household renovation during pregnancy could be a risk factor for PTB.
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