| 21. |
- Lindblad, A, et al.
(författare)
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Body composition and physical function in healthy community-dwelling older adults in Sweden, a cross-sectional study
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Journal of Frailty & Aging. - 2260-1341. ; 3:1, s. 65-65
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Limited data are available on body composition (BC) and physical function in healthy adults >80 y, potentially hampering development of reference values. We aimed to study 1) BC and physical function and 2) changes in hand-grip strength over a 4-year period in a community dwelling elderly Swedish population.Methods: Apparently healthy, community-dwelling men (n=51) and women (n=51) aged >83y were measured by Sit to Stand-test, hand grip strength, body height, body weight and BC using a Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (Impedimed). The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Gothenburg as an addition to Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone (T176-12).Results: Mean age 86.5 y, no age difference between sexes. Men and women performed equally well at the Sit to Stand-test. Men were significantly stronger with a mean HGS of 34.1 kg compared to women of 19.5 kg. 15 % had a BMI below 22 kg/m2. According to skeletal muscle index (SMI) 64 % were assessed as having severe sarcopenia (Cruz-Jentoft et al 2010).Conclusion: In this healthy elderly population BC and physical function was well preserved compared to previous studies, although many were classified as sarcopenic according to current cut-offs. Results from this study can be used as reference values for healthy community-dwelling elderly in high age.
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| 22. |
- Lundgren Nilsson, Åsa, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of Fatigue Impact Scale with various item sets – a Rasch analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 41:7, s. 840-846
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group Purpose: Fatigue is a symptom in patients with chronic gastrointestinal (GI) and liver diseases. Different instruments have been developed to assess the severity of fatigue and the 40-item Fatigue Impact Scale (FIS) is among the most widely used. Shorter versions of FIS include the 21-item Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS), and an eight-item version for everyday use. The study aimed to assess construct validity, reliability, and sufficiency of the raw score of the original FIS with 40 items, and examine the sufficiency of the 21 items from the Modified scale and the eight items of the Daily Fatigue Impact Scale (D-FIS), all of which are embedded in the 40-item scale. Methods: Patients with chronic GI or liver disease (n = 354) completed the FIS with 40 items. The majority (57%) was under the age of 55 years and approximately half were females (48%). Various item sets of FIS were derived which showed fit to the Rasch model. Results: Local dependency and multidimensionality in FIS and the 21-item Modified scale were resolved with a testlet solution but the D-FIS showed local dependency and multidimensionality and differential item functioning (DIF) still remained. Two new item sets fulfilling unidimensionality and no DIF are suggested, one with 15 items and a six-item scale for daily use. The transformation table shows score-interval scale estimates for all these item sets. Conclusions: Both the FIS and the Modified scale can be used to measure fatigue albeit requiring some adjustment for DIF. The eight-item D-FIS is more problematic, and its summed score is not valid. Alternative 15- and 6-item versions presented in this paper can offer valid summed scores, and the transformation table allows transformation of raw scores and comparisons across all versions.Implications for rehabilitationThe Fatigue Impact Scale and the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale can be used to measure fatigue after adjustments for differential item functioning.Alternative 15- and 6-item versions of Fatigue Impact Scale offer valid summed scores. The summed score for the Daily Fatigue Impact Scale is not valid.A transformation table with raw scores and Rasch transformed interval scale metric makes it possible to compare scores derived from the Fatigue Impact Scale, the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale and the proposed 15- and 6-item versions of Fatigue Impact Scale for research and/or clinical use.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Mirkoska, Vesna, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of subclinical motor speech deficits after presumed low-grade glioma surgery
- 2023
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Ingår i: Brain Sciences. - : MDPI. - 2076-3425 .- 2076-3425. ; 13:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motor speech performance was compared before and after surgical resection of presumed low-grade gliomas. This pre- and post-surgery study was conducted on 15 patients (mean age = 41) with low-grade glioma classified based on anatomic features. Repetitions of /pa/, /ta/, /ka/, and /pataka/ recorded before and 3 months after surgery were analyzed regarding rate and regularity. A significant reduction (6 to 5.6 syllables/s) pre- vs. post-surgery was found in the rate for /ka/, which is comparable to the approximate average decline over 10–15 years of natural aging reported previously. For all other syllable types, rates were within normal age-adjusted ranges in both preoperative and postoperative sessions. The decline in /ka/ rate might reflect a subtle reduction in motor speech production, but the effects were not severe. All but one patient continued to perform within normal ranges post-surgery; one performed two standard deviations below age-appropriate norms pre- and post-surgery in all syllable tasks. The patient experienced motor speech difficulties, which may be related to the tumor’s location in an area important for speech. Low-grade glioma may reduce maximum speech-motor performance in individual patients, but larger samples are needed to elucidate how often the effect occurs.
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| 25. |
- Nordén, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Nutrition impact symptoms and body composition in patients with COPD
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- RATIONALE: Anorexia or lack of appetite is common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may be caused or augmented by several symptoms affecting appetite and eating. We aimed to investigate and quantify the extent of nutrition impact symptoms (NIS) in patients with COPD and to explore relationships between NIS and fat free mass depletion.METHODS: The results in this cross-sectional study are based on 169 COPD patients (62 % females). Body composition was assessed using bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy and the patients reported NIS by two newly developed questionnaires; Eating Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) and Disease Related Appetite Questionnaire (DRAQ).RESULTS: Symptoms with the highest prevalence were dry mouth (71%), stomach ache (39%), pain or aches affecting appetite (36%) and constipation (35%). Problems with diarrhoea and feeling affected by smells were more severe among women compared to men (p<0.05). Thirty-six percent of the patients were depleted (FFMI < 15 kg/m² for women and FFMI < 16 kg/m² for men). Depleted patients had more NIS (p<0.05), and also rated appetite and taste of food as worse compared to non-depleted (p < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Nutrition impact symptoms are common in patients with COPD and depleted patients have more severe symptoms. To investigate how these symptoms are best prevented and/or managed and if NIS prevention/treatment can affect development of malnutrition in patients with COPD is a challenge for the future.
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| 26. |
- Oscarson, Mats, 1939
(författare)
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Emeriti 23 — Vetenskapens seniorer om forskningen, karriären och livet
- 2017
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ny forskning om engelska språket i daglig kommunikation och neonatologins (nyföddhetslärans) makalösa utveckling under senare årtionden. EMERITI, program nr 23, gästas av Karin Aijmer, professor emerita i engelska, samt Ingemar Kjellmer, professor emeritus i pediatrik. Programledare är Mats Oscarson, professor emeritus i pedagogik. /// This Swedish language publication is a video recorded conversation on research and development issues in two academic disciplines at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden, i.e. English and Neonathology. Participants are Dr Karin Aijmer, professor emerita in English, Dr Ingemar Kjellmer, professor emeritus in pediatrics, particularly neonathology, and Dr Mats Oscarson, professor emeritus in education, also chair of the discussion and producer of the video manuscript.
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| 27. |
- Peny-Dahlstrand, Marie, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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Patterns of participation in school-related activities and settings in children with spina bifida
- 2013
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 35:21, s. 1821-1827
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To evaluate how children with spina bifida (SB) participate in school-related activities and to explore if their motor and process skills in task performance were related to their level of active participation in school. Method: Fifty children from a geographical cohort of children with SB (aged 6-14 years) and their teachers rated the children's frequency of participation in school-related activities using a Swedish adaptation of the Availability and Participation Scale. The teachers also rated each child's level of active participation with the School Function Assessment, part one. Each child's motor and process skills were evaluated with the Assessment of Motor and Process Skills. The relation between levels of active participation and motor and process skills was subjected to binary logistic regression analysis. Results: The children participated very frequently in school activities, but their level of active participation was restricted, particularly in the recess/playground setting. There was a highly significant relation between full active participation in most school settings and the children's motor and process skills. Conclusion: Children with SB need support to become more actively involved, particularly in unstructured peer activities. The school staff need to be informed that not only the motor skills but also the process skills have an impact on the children's active participation.
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| 28. |
- Rothenberg, Elisabet, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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Body composition and hand grip strength in healthy community-dwelling older adults in sweden
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Aging Research & Clinical Practice. - 2273-421X. ; 4:1, s. 54-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Longevity increases worldwide but there are few studies on body composition and hand grip strength inpopulations over 80 years. Given high prevalence of chronic disease and functional disability in octogenarians, it may be difficult todistinguish effects of ageing from those imposed by disease. The European Consensus definition of sarcopenia recommends usingboth low muscle mass and function for diagnosis.Objectives: Examine body composition and hand grip strength in a selected groupof community-dwelling older adults with high level of functional independence. In addition, longitudinal changes in handgripstrength were examined using previously collected data.Design: Cross-sectional body composition and hand grip strength witha four year retrospective analysis on previously assessed hand grip strength.Setting: Measurements were conducted by homevisits.Participants: 102 community-dwelling 83-96 year-olds, 50 % women.Measurements: Hand grip strength was registered bya dynamometer and body composition analysis using bioimpedance spectroscopy.Results: According to European Consensusdefinition, only 6/102 had normal muscle mass - no men, although 78 % of men and 40 % of women had normal muscle strength.Since previously collected data four years earlier, men had lost strength (p<0.001), while women had not (p=0.202).Conclusions: Subject characteristics and health status support well-preserved body energy, protein stores and muscle strength. Low musclemass was much more prevalent than low muscle strength. Results may give an indication of what constitutes a healthy bodycomposition in oldest old and could serve as a starting point for reference values on healthy body composition in octogenarians.
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| 29. |
- Rothenberg, Elisabet, 1960-
(författare)
-
Body composition and physical function in healthy community-dwelling older adults in Sweden : a cross-sectional study
- 2014
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Limited data are available on body composition (BC) and physical function in healthy adults >80 y, potentially hampering development of reference values. We aimed to study 1) BC and physical function and 2) changes in hand-grip strength over a 4-year period in a community dwelling elderly Swedish population.Methods: Apparently healthy, community-dwelling men (n=51) and women (n=51) aged >83y were measured by Sit to Stand-test, hand grip strength, body height, body weight and BC using a Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (Impedimed). The study was approved by the Regional Ethical Review Board in Gothenburg as an addition to Elderly Persons in the Risk Zone (T176-12).Results: Mean age 86.5 y, no age difference between sexes. Men and women performed equally well at the Sit to Stand-test. Men were significantly stronger with a mean HGS of 34.1 kg compared to women of 19.5 kg. 15 % had a BMI below 22 kg/m2. According to skeletal muscle index (SMI) 64 % were assessed as having severe sarcopenia (Cruz-Jentoft et al 2010).Conclusion: In this healthy elderly population BC and physical function was well preserved compared to previous studies, although many were classified as sarcopenic according to current cut-offs. Results from this study can be used as reference values for healthy community-dwelling elderly in high age.
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| 30. |
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