| 2601. |
- Marschall, Hanns-Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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Reply
- 2014
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Ingår i: Hepatology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 1527-3350 .- 0270-9139. ; 60:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2602. |
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| 2603. |
- Marschall, Hanns-Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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Ursodeoxycholic acid for treatment of fatty liver disease and dyslipidemia in morbidly obese patients.
- 2011
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Ingår i: Digestive diseases (Basel, Switzerland). - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9875 .- 0257-2753. ; 29:1, s. 117-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bile acids have recently been identified as major integrators of hepatic fatty acid and triglyceride metabolism. We explored potential mechanism(s) of action of ursodeoxycholic acid (20 mg/kg/day in 3 weeks) in 40 morbidly obese patients (mean BMI >40 kg/m(2)) with suggested fatty liver disease awaiting bariatric surgery. At follow-up half a year after surgery, patients had decreased their BMI by approximately 10 kg/m(2), which resulted in significant improvements of liver function tests, insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance.
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| 2604. |
- Marschall, Hanns-Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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When bile acids don't get amidated.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Gastroenterology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1528-0012 .- 0016-5085. ; 144:5, s. 870-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2605. |
- Marschall, Hanns-Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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Why Doesn't Primary Biliary Cholangitis Respond to Immunosuppressive Medications?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Current hepatology reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2195-9595. ; 16:2, s. 119-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this review is to discuss reasons why immunosuppressive therapy so far failed in Primary Biliry Cholangitis.Even targeted immunosuppressive therapy seems ineffective or potentially harmful.Bile acid-mediated cholangiocyte damage, facilitated by insufficient bicarbonate secretion, seems to attenuate the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic actions of immunosuppressant and immunomodulatory drugs in a clinically significant way.
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| 2606. |
- Marstrand-Joergensen, Maja Rou, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial infections in acute pancreatitis
- 2021
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Ingår i: European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology. - 1473-5687. ; 33:4, s. 599-600
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 2607. |
- Marstrand-Joergensen, Maja Rou, et al.
(författare)
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Extrapancreatic infections are common in acute pancreatitis and they are related to organ failure : a population-based study
- 2020
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Ingår i: European journal of gastroenterology & hepatology. - 1473-5687. ; 32:10, s. 1293-1300
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Although the impact of pancreatic infections in acute pancreatitis has been studied extensively, there are no population-based data on extrapancreatic infections and their potential relation to organ failure. We aimed to study the occurrence of pancreatic and extrapancreatic bacterial infections in acute pancreatitis and their relation to patient outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: All patients with first-time acute pancreatitis from 2003 to 2012 in a defined area in Sweden were retrospectively evaluated. Data on acute pancreatitis severity, organ failure, infections, and in-hospital mortality were collected. RESULTS: Overall, 304 bacterial infections occurred in 248/1457 patients (17%). Fifteen percent had extrapancreatic and 2% had pancreatic infections. The lungs (35%), the urinary tract (24%), and the bile ducts (18%) were the most common sites of extrapancreatic infections. Organ failure, severe acute pancreatitis, and in-hospital mortality were more common in patients with vs those without (pancreatic/extrapancreatic) infections (P < 0.05). Organ failure and severe acute pancreatitis occurred more frequently in pancreatic vs extrapancreatic infections (70% vs 34%, P < 0.001 and 67% vs 28%, P < 0.001), but in-hospital mortality did not differ between the two groups (7.4% vs 6.8%, P = 1.0). Both pancreatic and extrapancreatic infections were independent predictors of organ failure (P < 0.05). Out of culture-positive infections, 18% were due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria, without any significant difference between extrapancreatic vs pancreatic infections (P > 0.05). About two out of five infections were of nosocomial origin. CONCLUSION: Extrapancreatic infections occurred in 15% and pancreatic infections in 2% of patients with first-time acute pancreatitis. Both pancreatic and extrapancreatic infections were independent predictors of organ failure, leading to increased mortality.
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| 2608. |
- Marteau, P, et al.
(författare)
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Combined oral and enema treatment with Pentasa (mesalazine) is superior to oral therapy alone in patients with extensive mild/moderate active ulcerative colitis: a randomised, double blind, placebo controlled study
- 2005
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Ingår i: Gut. - : BMJ. - 1468-3288 .- 0017-5749. ; 54:7, s. 960-965
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and aims: Oral aminosalicylates are well established in the treatment of active mild/moderate ulcerative colitis (UC) when the disease is extensive (that is, beyond the splenic flexure). The majority of clinical symptoms relate to disease activity in the distal part of the colon and therefore this study was designed to investigate if adding a mesalazine enema to oral mesalazine has additional benefit for patients with extensive mild/moderate active UC. Methods: A randomised double blind study was performed in 127 ambulatory patients. All received 4 g/day (twice daily dosing) oral mesalazine for eight weeks. During the initial four weeks, they additionally received an enema at bedtime containing 1 g of mesalazine or placebo. Disease activity was assessed using the ulcerative colitis disease activity index, with clinical and endoscopic signs at four and eight weeks. Results: Remission was obtained in 44% (95% confidence interval (CI) 31%, 58%) of the mesalazine enema group (Me) and in 34% (95% CI 21%, 49%) of the placebo enema group (Pl) at four weeks (p = 0.31) and in 64% (95% CI 50%, 76%) of the Me group versus 43% (95% CI 28%, 58%) of the Pl group at eight weeks (p = 0.03). Improvement was obtained in 89% (95% CI 78%, 96%) of the Me group versus 62% (95% CI 46%, 75%) of the Pl group at four weeks (p = 0.0008) and in 86% (95% CI 75%, 94%) of the Me group versus 68% (95% CI 53%, 81%) of the Pl group at eight weeks (p = 0.026). Conclusion: In patients with extensive mild/moderate active UC, the combination therapy is superior to oral therapy. It is safe, well accepted, and may be regarded as firstline treatment.
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| 2609. |
- Marti-Gallostra, M., et al.
(författare)
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The role of a defunctioning stoma for colonic and perianal Crohns disease in the biological era
- 2017
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0036-5521 .- 1502-7708. ; 52:3, s. 251-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: A defunctioning stoma is a therapeutic option for colonic or perianal Crohns disease. In the pre-biologic era the response rate to defunctioning in our unit was high (86%), but intestinal continuity was only restored in 11-20%. Few data exist on the outcome of defunctioning since the widespread introduction of biologicals. Material and methods: All patients undergoing a defunctioning stoma for colonic/perianal Crohns disease since 2003-2011 were identified from a prospective database. Indications for surgery, medical therapy, response to defunctioning and long-term clinical outcome were recorded. Successful restoration of continuity was defined as no stoma at last follow up. Results: Seventy-six patients were defunctioned (57 with biologicals) and at last follow up, 20 (27%) had continuity restored. Early clinical response rate (amp;lt;3 months) was 15/76 (20%) and overall response 31/76 (41%). Complex anal fistulae/stenosis were associated with a very low chance of restoring continuity (10% and 0%, respectively), while colitis was associated with a higher chance of restoring continuity (48%). Endoscopic or histological improvement in colitis after defunctioning was associated with a higher rate of restoring continuity (10/16, 63%) compared to no such improvement (4/15, 27%, p=0.05). Those failing biologics had similar chance of restoration as those not receiving biologics, 15/57 (26%) and 5/19 (26%), respectively. Conclusion: Overall response to colonic defunctioning was 41%. Successful restoration of continuity occurred in 27%, but 48% in the absence of perianal disease. Response is appreciably less in the pre-biologic era, so patient and physician expectations need to be managed appropriately.
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| 2610. |
- Masoodi, Mojgan, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolomics and lipidomics in NAFLD : biomarkers and non-invasive diagnostic tests
- 2021
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Ingår i: Nature Reviews. Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1759-5045 .- 1759-5053. ; 18:12, s. 835-856
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common liver diseases worldwide and is often associated with aspects of metabolic syndrome. Despite its prevalence and the importance of early diagnosis, there is a lack of robustly validated biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of disease progression in response to a given treatment. In this Review, we provide an overview of the contribution of metabolomics and lipidomics in clinical studies to identify biomarkers associated with NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). In addition, we highlight the key metabolic pathways in NAFLD and NASH that have been identified by metabolomics and lipidomics approaches and could potentially be used as biomarkers for non-invasive diagnostic tests. Overall, the studies demonstrated alterations in amino acid metabolism and several aspects of lipid metabolism including circulating fatty acids, triglycerides, phospholipids and bile acids. Although we report several studies that identified potential biomarkers, few have been validated.
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