| 1. |
- Czarniawska, Barbara, 1948
(författare)
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Nowe techniki badan terenowych: shadowing.
- 2012
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Ingår i: I: Jemielniak, Dariusz (red.) Badania jakosciowe: Metody i narzedzia. - Warszawa : PWN. - 9788301169466 ; , s. 69-90
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 2. |
- Cool, Alison, et al.
(författare)
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Deliberating Nordic science, reconfiguring Nordic democracy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Design and displacement: social studies of science and technology, p. 124. Annual meeting of the Society for Social Studies of Science and European Association for the Study of Science and Technology. Copenhagen, Denmark October 17-20, 2012..
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Throughout the history of science and technology studies (STS), "the political" has been of central scholarly concern, from the macro-oriented interest explanations of early sociology to more recent attention to the role of science, glossed as “politics by other means,” in the construction of sociopolitical worlds themselves. STS scholarship has revealed public negotiations about what will count as legitimate knowledge as key sites for the contestation of the place of science and expertise in democratic societies, yet there has been less attention to the particular political histories and national trajectories that form the limits and possibilities of such debates. The Nordic countries, characterized by traditions of strong welfare states, particular styles of social democracy, and distinctive consensus-based modes of political deliberation and decision-making, offer a compelling context for scholars exploring the relationship between divergent political models and traditions and locally situated forms of scientific labor, discourse and governance. To this end, this panel will draw on ethnographic and historical research from a variety of scientific domains throughout Northern Europe in order to ask: To what extent are these Nordic political trajectories implicated in (and reformulated through) scientific knowledge production and science-based debates and deliberations across the region? How might a closer analysis of Nordic democratic engagement help us to understand the organization and regulation of scientific practices? Do Nordic examples of intersections or entanglements between science and politics, broadly defined, offer insights that might inform STS approaches to "the political" in other contexts?
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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Posthumanistiska nyckelstexter
- 2012. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Den här boken introducerar några viktiga författare på samtidsaktuella teoriområden. Donna Haraway, Karen Barad, Rosi Braidotti, Michel Callon, Gilles Deleuze, Félix Guattari, Michel Serres och Annemarie Mol presenteras i boken, som också innehåller översatta texter av dessa namn. Boken ger en bakgrund till och en överblick över ett område i intensiv teoriutveckling. Här presenteras den så kallade materiella, posthumana eller ontologiska vändningen. Här kartläggs grunderna för olika posthumanistiska förhållningssätt till de både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga (djur, miljö, teknik) krafterna i vår värld så som de begreppsliggjorts inom filosofi, feministisk teori, kulturstudier och samhällsvetenskapliga studier av naturvetenskap, medicin och teknik. Genom lästips och en omfattande litteraturlista öppnar boken för fortsatta studier och vidare diskussioner. Avslutningsvis finns också en omfattande ordlista med viktiga nyckelbegrepp som i sig ger en introduktion till ett heterogent forskningsfält. Boken riktar sig till studenter, doktorander och andra nyfikna forskare inom olika tvärvetenskapliga eller disciplinära former av humaniora och samhällsvetenskap.POSTHUMANISTISKA NYCKELTEXTER ger i de inledande kapitlen en överblick och en introduktion till posthumanistiska studier och till materiell-semiotik. Här behandlas tankeströmningar som rör det humanas natur, humanismens etik och humanvetenskapernas framtid. Boken ger en introduktion till det som inom genusvetenskap och tekniksociologi kommit att kallas den ontologiska vändningen mot de materiaaliteter och världsliga relationer som både gör och förgör oss. Här kartläggs grunderna för posthumanistiska förhållningssätt till de både mänskliga och icke-mänskliga (djur, miljö, teknik) dimensionerna av vår värld så som de begreppsliggjorts inom filosofi, feministisk teori, kulturstudier och sociala studier av vetenskap och teknik. POSTHUMANISTISKA NYCKELTEXTER erbjuder introduktioner till viktiga författare och översättningar av nyckeltexter skrivna av Donna Haraway, Karen Barad, Rosi Braidotti, Michel Callon, Gilles Deleuze med Felix Guattari, Michel Serres och Annemarie Mol. Boken innehåller även en omfattande ordlista med viktiga nyckelbegrepp som i sig ger en introduktion till ett mångfaldigt forskningsfält.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bergqvist, Tuula, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Arbete i räddningstjänst, fritid och familj
- 2012
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Ingår i: Jämställdhet, mångfald och svenska räddningstjänster. - Karlstad : Karlstad University Press. - 9789186637118 ; , s. 49-58
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Berg, Linda, 1973
(författare)
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Den ekonomiska krisen kan stärka EU
- 2012
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Ingår i: Alba.nu - tidning för kultur, vetenskap och samhälle. ; :December 2012
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Boholm, Åsa, 1953, et al.
(författare)
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The practice of risk governance: lessons from the field
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Risk Research. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-9877 .- 1466-4461. ; 15:1, s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In contradistinction to generic and formal risk governance models such as the IRGC framework, this paper advocates the relevance of a contextual and practice-based approach to organizational risk governance. Three cases illustrate the socially situated dynamics of risk governance practice: public transportation management, river management, and railway planning. Risk governance is shown to derive from how actors, in their daily activities, mediate multi-level and regulatory institutional constraints, and solve actual problems through routines, trust, mutual understanding and not least, shared commitment to the societal role of infrastructure. Our findings underscore that risk governance takes place in contexts that are historically, spatially and institutionally situated. We therefore suggest that one needs to pay attention to the characteristics of this contextuality to understand the social dynamics of governance.
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| 10. |
- Caselunghe, Elvira, et al.
(författare)
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Forskningsperspektiv på naturvägledning
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Literature study shows a lack of Swedish nature interpretation research. The Swedish Centre for Nature Interpretation (SCNI) was established in 2007 by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency and the Swedish University for Agricultural Sciences. One task of SCNI is to initiate research on nature interpretation. This research overview is intended to provide a jumping-off point. The main purpose was to investigate Swedish research that contributes to development of theory and practice in nature interpretation. In addition, research from other Nordic countries as well as international research was reviewed. A literature search for Swedish scientific publications on nature interpretation, explicitly, revealed a scarcity of such research in Sweden. Of course identifying such studies depends, in part, on how “nature interpretation” and “research” are defined. There are actually a number of Swedish researchers who work with topics that are relevant to nature interpretation, and to some extent this research is also published in scientific media. However, there is a larger quantity of educational literature. Overall, the main finding of this literature search is that nature interpretation research has not been conducted in Sweden, to date. However, relevant studies were found in such areas as outdoor recreation, nature tourism, education for sustainable development, outdoor education, environmental history, museology and environmental psychology. Various key words have been used in the selected databases, since “nature interpretation” generates no scientific hits. Definitions and pedagogical principles for nature interpretation are described in the first part of the report. Then international nature interpretation research and some different occurring theories are presented. Emphasis is then put on Swedish and Nordic research that is relevant for developing nature interpretation. The main findings below include conclusions from both the international and the Swedish/Nordic research and indicate some possible directions for development of nature interpretation research, in Sweden and elsewhere. NATURE INTERPRETATION CAN BE BOTH A MEANS OR AN END IN ITSELF There is a need for scientific development of nature interpretation evaluation principles. In Sweden, but also elsewhere, a common goal for publicly financed nature interpretation is to influence people in the direction of sustainable development. Research on interpretation evaluation is needed in order to know whether various activities correspond to our expectations. Also, there is a need to question whether this goal of influencing people is transparent and democratic enough. Internationally, there are both researchers who claim that interpretation can have a positive effect on environmental attitudes and behavior, and those who claim that effective evaluation methodologies for exploring such relationships need further development. Worldwide, interpretive evaluation research has focused heavily on knowledge gain and impacts on attitudes and behaviour, but it has seldom partitioned out the role of the emotional aspects of nature experience, although interpretation instructions stress revelation and provocation for instance. The notion of “participants gaining knowledge” could be widened and include mutual and experiential learning processes. Unlike environmental education, interpretation usually is a rather time limited activity. That could also be a reason to why long term interpretation effects are difficult to evaluate. If any effects appear, it would still be difficult to distinguish what has generated them. Nature interpretation is sometimes seen as a means for fulfilling a greater objective, but in other cases it is seen as an end in itself. For instance, within outdoor recreation, nature interpretation activities could be considered an end in themselves. Whereas nature interpretation efforts within state run nature conservation could be a means for legitimating and promoting poli-tical nature conservation decisions. NATURE INTERPRETATION AS A COMMUNICATIVE ACT The literature review indicated that the number of Swedish or international publications focusing on the communicative act of nature interpretation from an interactional micro perspective seems to be limited. What is happening within and between the persons during a nature interpretation session? How does the interpretation process really occur? Is the interpreter or the participant the one who makes the interpretation for instance? What kind of learning is taking place? CRITICAL RESEARCH ON NATURE INTERPRETATION COULD DEVELOP THEORY AND PRACTICE When discussing what Swedish nature interpretation research could concentrate on, there is not only a need to discuss the topics, but also different scientific approaches that could facilitate a greater understanding. Much of the Nordic research referred in this report is carried out within a positivistic research tradition doing quantitative studies. When approaching social science there are also some publications within hermeneutic research tradition. Critical research tradition, however, is rare among the studies reviewed. Since nature interpretation is not a natural science phenomenon, but a social one, nature interpretation research based on social constructivism has an obvious importance in further development of Swedish nature interpretation research. The role of nature interpretation in society could be better understood by analyzing what discourses characterize Swedish nature interpretation practice today. What ideas of man and nature are taken for granted which could affect the content and format of nature interpretation? Nature interpretation contributes to constructing our nature experiences, something that is seldom analysed. What values and rationalities holds the Swedish nature interpretation discourses? These questions require a critical dimension of nature interpretation research. Another division to make is research that looks for improving nature interpretation practice (how to do good interpretation), versus research that looks for understanding the phenomenon of nature interpretation (research about interpretation). Both kinds are needed. EXAMPLES ON CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF NATURE INTERPRETATION Some discussions in museology are highly relevant to nature interpretation as well. A quote by Ella Johansson (2001) about open air museums illustrates several of the inherent paradoxes in interpretation that could be interesting to further investigate. “… some contrary – or maybe complementary – aspects are lasting and necessary features in a museum: authenticity versus scene, critical distance versus deep empathy, creating knowledge versus ideology, education versus Sunday pleasure.” The content and format of nature interpretation is always a mental and social product, where the involved individuals decide what phenomena and objects are paid attention to and what questions and explanations are suggested. Søren Kruse (2002) argues that “the interpreter designs the participants’ nature visits and determines thereby frames for their nature experiences”. He further writes that: “Nature interpretation is in the centre of the normative minefield of pedagogics, where one could ask oneself: With what right can the nature interpreters claim that their design of nature visits is better than the nature contact designed by the participants themselves? My point of departure is that nature interpretation is not an interpretation of nature, but a production and reproduction of socially constructed descriptions of nature and our relations with it.” THE NEED OF ADVANCING NATURE INTERPRETATION RESEARCH IN SWEDEN Advancement of Swedish research on nature interpretation is needed for several reasons. There are national prerequisites that are unique, such as the Swedish right of public access to nature. Swedish nature interpretation is not yet systematically evaluated from a scientific point of view. There are also a number of educational programmes in Swedish universities within nature guidance and nature interpretation, and connecting these educational efforts to research would strengthen their quality. However, nature interpretation is not a research discipline, but rather a topic that requires research from various perspectives. That interdisciplinary context could be treated by different branches – from public health science, to cultural studies, to forest sciences, if it is combined with communication science, pedagogics or similar fields. Environmental psychology, marketing and media sciences could also provide knowledge about behavioural impacts that nature interpretation often aims for in a general context.
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| 11. |
- Hallonsten, Olof, et al.
(författare)
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Commissioning the University of Excellence : Swedish research policy and new public research funding programmes
- 2012
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Ingår i: Quality in Higher Education. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1353-8322 .- 1470-1081. ; 18:3, s. 367-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In many countries, current research policy is dominated by managerialism and excellence, manifesting the aim of making universities into national strategic assets in the globally competitive knowledge economy. This article discusses these policy trends and their mirror in recent developments in public funding for academic research, with special attention to Sweden. A review of the language in three consecutive Swedish governmental research bills from the past 10 years shows a clear policy shift towards the promotion of excellence and strategic priority on the level of higher education institutions. Reforms to the funding system, especially the launch of specific strategic excellence funding programmes, are introduced to put the policy in practice. While the policy shift itself might be discursive, the changes to the funding system clearly show a determination on behalf of the Swedish government to increase strategic profiling and the pursuit of excellence in research on behalf of universities. © 2012 Copyright Taylor and Francis Group, LLC.
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| 12. |
- Hallonsten, Olof, 1979, et al.
(författare)
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Institutional persistence through gradual adaptation: analysis of national laboratories in the USA and Germany
- 2012
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 39:4, s. 450-463
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses the institutional persistence of systems of national laboratories (SNLs) that unlike other public and private research organizations appear to have experienced only minor institutional shifts in recent years. Although national laboratories started as time-limited mission-oriented projects, most of them have remained in operation as continuously renewed multi-purpose organizations. By comparing the SNLs in Germany and the USA, this paper discusses the relationship between the system and the organizational level and concludes that incremental organizational rearrangements have enabled the institutional persistence of SNLs despite considerable changes in their political and funding environments. The paper applies recent advances in institutional theory and thus contributes to a better understanding of institutional change in path-dependent public R&D systems.
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| 13. |
- Hansson, Anders, 1978-
(författare)
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Colonising the future : the case of CCS
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: The social dynamics of carbon capture and storage. - London & New York, USA : Routledge. - 9781849713153 ; , s. 74-90
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Carbon capture and storage (CCS) has rapidly emerged as a crucial technological option for decarbonising electricity supply and hence mitigating climate change. This book sheds light on this potentially vital technology and its future
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Jacob, Merle, et al.
(författare)
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The persistence of big science and megascience in research and innovation policy
- 2012
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Ingår i: Science and Public Policy. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0302-3427 .- 1471-5430. ; 39:4, s. 411-415
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This special section of an issue of Science and Public Policy grew out of an interest in following the politics of the European Spallation Source (ESS) Facility at Lund, Sweden. The ESS spectacle provided a platform from which to review different research infrastructure projects and to place them in the context of science policy as a whole. Large-scale research infrastructure investments are often very visible and controversial science policy investments. This group of five papers provides insights into the persistence of these types of investments in an era where cost efficiency and the contribution of science to innovation and economic development appear to be the dominant rationale for investment.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Kasperowski, Dick, 1959
(författare)
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Crowdsourcing in scientific practice: host and parasites
- 2012
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Ingår i: Design and displacement: social studies of science and technology.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Productively parasitic relations between sts and its fields Geoffrey C. Bowker, Dick Kasperowski, & Teun Zuiderent-Jerak Session proposal for the quadrennial joint meeting of the Society for Social Studies of Science and the European Association for the Study of Science and Technology, Copenhagen, Denmark, October 17-20, 2012. “You don’t need much experience to know that goods do not always arrive so easily at their destination. There are always intercepters who work very hard to divert what is carried along these paths. Parasitism is the name most often given to these numerous and diverse activities, and I fear that they are the most common thing in the world” (Serres, 2007 [1982]; 11). Given this quote by Michel Serres from The Parasite, it may be unsurprising that scholars from the field of Science & Technology Studies often have distorting, translating, and parasitic relations to their fields (or rather, their hosts?). Following the ‘critique of critique’ which pointed out that the critical position risks producing nothing but death and ruins – for both the host and the parasite – recent years have seen an increasing number of STS practices that explore the parasitic relation to empirical fields in more productive terms. After all, STS may think of itself as a field that is able to make some noise, but what follows that noise? “Noise gives rise to a new system, an order that is more complex than the simple chain. This parasite interrupts at first glance, consolidates when you look again” (ibid.; 14). In this session we bring together a series of recent activities within STS that try to reflexively turn noise into more complex orders. We move from Values in Design workshops and studios that explore the interplay between values and materiality, to crowdsourcing initiatives in science that reconfigure science-society relations, to [ref. to Judith], to situated intervention that opens up space for different kinds of knowledge in clinical guideline production. The aim of the panel is to explore the empirical richness, methodological complexities, and theoretical implications of such emerging parasite-host relations within STS. Information and communication technology has profoundly changed science, making vast amounts of virtual data possible, creating information overload, described as part of a “fourth paradigm” of science, and suggesting a turn to more data-driven research. Data sets pose huge challenges but also groundbreaking scientific discoveries – if resources where available. How, then, are large virtual data sets made useful when established modes of research seems to be struggling? Guided by crowdsourcing (CS) in business, activism and journalism science turns to outsiders – the crowd – for help to classify but also think innovatively on possible future research. Calls are launched by well-established scientific institutions and a myriad of crowdsourcing initiatives are available on the Internet, some boasting 50 million classifications involving 150,000 people only during one year. The crowd has become a huge resource supplying a workforce larger than any academic department can provide. Thus, we are part of a shift in science where amateurs now contribute to scientific knowledge and practices in ways and in a scale they have never done before. This raises several important questions for STS: How are issues of enrolement, observation, trust, learning, division of labour, and public participation played out and reconfigured in practices relying on technological infrastructures to involve outsiders in science to produce discoveries? But, subsequently, it also raises another important question, namely how STS analyses can interact with scientists and the other actors involved (as the crowd) in a productive manner, hopefully leading to “parasitism”.
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| 19. |
- Liwång, Hans, 1974-
(författare)
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Risk-based ship security analysis – an approach based on civilian and military methods
- 2012
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The demands on maritime operations today are increasingly higher in terms of control, efficiency and cost. The margins for accidents and security incidents are therefore decreasing. In the area of ship safety the regulations, guidelines and methods have a history and culture of systematic research, development and implementation. In contrast, international security is highly politicized and therefore not as transparent. The result is that a tradition of ship security is not as well established.The overall aim of this thesis is to propose a method for ship security analysis that increases the overall safety of the crew and the ship. The objective is to develop a method that is systematic in order to ensure that assessment and response are complete and effective, and that the process is documented to provide evidence of decision-making.The method used is probabilistic risk assessment where quantitative analysis is central. The proposed approach is consistent with the requirements of maritime safety work. However, in the work here, the proposed methods are specifically tested for security cases. This is because hazards (without intent) and threats (with intent) evolve in different ways into risk. Therefore, they must be analysed differently in order to capture the causal relationship.The proposed approach consists of three steps: the first step consists of a threat description that documents qualitative and quantitative aspects that together describe how the threat most likely will act in relation to the ship’s vulnerability; the second step uses the threat description to define the system studied as well as the scenarios that collectively describe the harmful consequences; the third step evaluates the risk with tools from probabilistic risk assessment.The overall conclusion is that the proposed method brings the procedure and results of ship security analysis into the open and therefore allows for criticism, improvements and shared risk knowledge, not possible with less structured methods. The results also show that the calculated probabilities agree with available statistics, which indicates that the analysis succeeds in describing the central causal relationships of the scenarios modelled.
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| 20. |
- Ludvig, Kjerstin, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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The actors and their roles in the meaning making process of an energy target
- 2012
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Ingår i: 28th Annual Conference of the Association of Researchers in Construction Management,, ARCOM. Edinburgh, September 3-5 2012, p 851-861. - 9780955239069 ; Vol 2, s. p. 851-861
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- How are new long-term energy targets for buildings managed in public construction client organisations? This paper presents an empirical account of the actors, their roles and contributions to the meaning making process regarding an energy target for public buildings and the development of an energy strategy. With this account, we wish to initiate a discussion on what actors and practices that are need in construction sector when contextualising and implementing long-term energy targets in practice. The paper is based on a longitudinal study in a public construction client organisation in Sweden, where for example in-depth interviews and observations of meetings has been used for data gathering.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Persson, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Den upplevda nyttan av den norska skreddatabasen Skrednett : Intervjuer med brukare
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is an increasing demand for more compatible and complete information to support evidence based risk management at the international level. At the moment, development in this direction occurs more successfully at the national level. In Europe, StorMe (Switzerland), AVI (Italy), the Swedish Natural Hazards Information System (Sweden), NSMES (Romania) and Skrednett (Norway) are good examples of natural hazard information systems where data on past events, frequency of events, hazard mapping of retrospective and potential endangered areas, multi-risk assessments, risk maps, etc., are compiled in user-friendly web solutions. The creation of integrated systems aim towards increased effectiveness in societal contingency planning at regional or local levels. Weather this goal is attained or not in society, or if the system is cost effective, is more or less impossible to measure quantitatively for free internet systems due to system owners lack of control on how their data is used. Qualitative measures from interviews with known end users can serve as indicators of success or failure. In this study, interviews were conducted with 11 recurrent users of the Norwegian database “Skrednett” (www.skrednett.no). Their answers show consensus around the database significance for societal needs in general, but also around a call for more compatible data to be used in other external map tools, or a development towards a more integrated, standalone, risk tool.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Schulz, Michael, 1960
(författare)
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Palestine
- 2012
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Ingår i: Peters, Joel (ed.) The European Union and the Arab Spring.. - Lanham : Lexington Books.. - 9780739174432 ; , s. 65-76
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This chapter will analyze how the EU’s security thinking in the field of democracy and human rights has unfolded in relation to the Palestinian Authority in the so-called Palestinian self-rule areas in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. In order to do so this chaper will 1) address the role that the EU has played in promoting human rights and democracy in the Palestinian self-rule areas and the effectiveness of those policies; 2) assess the response of the EU to events and protests that were inspired by the Arab Spring throughout the Palestinian self-rule areas during this year, 3) discuss the steps that European countries need to take in light of these developments. It will be argued that the EU overall framing of the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (IPC) historically can be linked to its way of framing normative positions in relation to human rights and democratic principles.
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| 26. |
- Schulz, Michael, 1960
(författare)
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Palestinian Civil Society
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Routledge Handbook on the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict / Newman, David & Peters, Joel. - London : Routledge. - 9780415778626
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This Handbook provides an overview of the most contentious and protracted political issue in the Middle East. The editors have gathered together a range of the top experts on the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. They tackle a range of topics from historical background, through to peace efforts, domestic politics, critical issues such as refugees and settler movements, and the role of outside players such as the Arab states, US and EU.
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| 27. |
- Svensson, Ann, 1962-
(författare)
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Kunskapsintegrering med informationssystem i professionsorienterade praktiker
- 2012
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här avhandlingen utgår ifrån ett professionsorienterat perspektiv på användning av informationssystem. Informationssystem för kunskapsintegrering i professionsorienterade arbetspraktiker innebär en dynamik för styrning och organisation där den professionsorienterade arbetspraktiken och informationssystem kan utvecklas tillsammans. Avhandlingen bygger på studier av två olika professionsorienterade arbetspraktiker, flygplansunderhåll och sjukvård, som båda kan karaktäriseras som tids- och livskritiska. De två professionsorienterade arbetspraktikerna kan härledas till två olika professionstyper. De fyra forskningsfrågorna i denna avhandling är: Vilken betydelse har egenskaper för T- respektive L-professioner för användning av informationssystem? Vilka generella utmaningar kan härledas ur professioners användning av informationssystem? Vilken betydelse har ledning och organisation av T- respektive L-professioner för användning av informationssystem? Hur kan användning av informationssystem organiseras för att möjliggöra kunskapsintegrering i professionsorienterade praktiker? Två fallstudier med etnografiska inslag har genomförts där två olika professionstyper utgör två definierade fall. Inledningsvis var dessa studier av en induktiv och explorativ karaktär, för att sedan bli mer förklarande och i slutskedet också något normerande. Den ena studien gjordes inom flygplansunderhållet vid det svenska flygvapnet, F7 i samverkan med Volvo Aero Corporation. Den andra studien har gjorts inom akutsjukvåren i NU-sjukvården, Västra Götaland. Bidraget i avhandlingen avser att visa att professioners egenskaper har betydelse för tillit, meningsskapande och engagemang både för, och i, användning av informationssystem. Avhandlingen visar behovet av att se strukturer mellan professioner och ledning som avgörande för kunskapsintegrering med informationssystem, där ett nytt integrerat ledarskap föreslås. Detta nya integrerade ledarskap är viktigt för att styra kunskaps¬integrering. Dessutom föreslår avhandlingen en ny ansats för kunskaps-integrering för att överbrygga organiska begränsningar och hinder. Denna ansats kallas uppgörelser. Uppgörelser i professionsorienterade arbetspraktiker är viktiga för att kunna utveckla befintlig och kommande användning av informationssystem samt att integrera informationssystem i det komplexa arbetet så att det kan utföras på ett effektivt sätt med hög kvalitet.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Belin, Matts-Åke, 1966-, et al.
(författare)
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Vision Zero : a road safety policy innovation
- 2012
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Ingår i: International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1745-7319 .- 1745-7300. ; 19:2, s. 171-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Cregård, Anna, 1971, et al.
(författare)
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Crisis and organizational innovation: Icelandic local government responses
- 2012
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Ingår i: Uprava/Administration. - : Urednistvo Revije Uprava Fakulteta za Upravo. - 1581-7555. ; X:4, s. 35-49
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article examines the relationship between radical change in an institutional context and organisational innovation. It is based on an exploratory case study of three Icelandic local governments conducted in autumn 2010 and summer 2011. While many crises, when scrutinised closely, appear to be more like threats of crisis, Iceland’s economic crisis is a genuine crisis with real and immediate effects. The three local governments studied responded to the crisis with actions that promote cooperation, reorganisation, acquiescence and involvement. The study demonstrates that most of these actions were reactive and somewhat non-innovative, though some were innovative – at least in this particular context.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Gössling, Stefan, et al.
(författare)
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Consumer behaviour and demand response of tourists to climate change
- 2012
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Ingår i: Annals of Tourism Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0160-7383 .- 1873-7722. ; 39:1, s. 36-58
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The influence of climate change on tourism demand patterns will be shaped by the response of tourists to the complexity of mitigation policy anti its impacts on transportation systems, the wide range of climate change impacts on destinations, as well as broader impacts on society and economic development. Tourists have the largest adaptive capacity of elements within the tourism system because of their flexibility to substitute the place, timing and type of holiday, even at very short notice. Consequently, understanding tourist perceptions and reactions to the impacts of climate change is essential to anticipating the potential geographic and seasonal shifts in tourism demand, as well as the decline or increase of specific tourism markets. Yet, despite a wide range of publications assessing reactions of tourists to various environmental and climate-related changes, little is actually known about the complexity of demand responses. The paper reviews and discusses existing studies, and provides a framework for a better understanding of perceptions of change, as well as identifying major current uncertainties and research needs.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Knutsson, Per, 1971
(författare)
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Flood Hazard Zoning Maps : Swedish report for SECOA Deliverable 1.1
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish final report on Flood Hazard Zoning Maps covers two case-studies: Gothenburg and Malmö Metropolitan area. We provide rough estimations of low, medium, and high hazard-risk areas of the two metropolitan areas as well as more detailed estimations and maps of two geographical areas within these two wider metropolitan which according to previous studies and assessments are prone to flooding.
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| 37. |
- Lyttkens, Carl Henrik, 1933
(författare)
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Människan - en ohållbar historia? Möjligheter till en hållbar utveckling ur ett historiskt perspektiv
- 2012
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Boken sätter in dagens diskussion om hållbar utveckling i ett historiskt sammanhang. Den är en sammanställning av forsknintg om hur människor påverkat och påverkats av sin omgivande miljö. Den tar upp frågor om befolkningsutveckling, klimat, sjukdomar och utnyttjande av naturresurser. Den tar också upp teorier om politiska system och strukturer, som skapat uppdelning mellan rika och fattiga.
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| 38. |
- Martinsson, Mathias, 1971-
(författare)
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Skolans ideologiska spänningar
- 2012. - 1
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Ingår i: Fostran av framtidens medborgare. - Lund : Sekel. - 9789185767731 ; , s. 151-176
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- FOSTRAN AV FRAMTIDENS MEDBORGARE skildrar vad som sker med individer och kollektiv mot bakgrund av de senaste decenniernas förändring av den svenska välfärdsstaten. Statens ansvar för medborgarnas välfärd och trygghet har minskats och istället förväntas enskilda individer ta en mer aktiv del i att planera för och skapa sin egen välfärd. Det svenska folkhemmet som stod för kollektiv trygghet har tonat bort för att istället ge plats åt ett individ orienterat samhälle. Boken handlar om skapandet av goda medborgare. Den undersöker dels förändringen av förväntningarna och kraven på hur vi människor ska uppträda, tänka och dels den uppsättning av praktiker som omsätts i syfte att skapa dessa medborgare. Den belyser ur ett tvärvetenskapligt perspektiv fostran av både vuxna och unga på en rad olika arenor. De olika bidragen pekar på hur pågående välfärdsstatliga förändringar tar sig uttryck i olika sammanhang, till exempel hur krav på lärande möter oss i en mängd olika situationer, exempelvis som föräldrar och elever, i egenskap av socialtjänstens klienter, som idrottsutövare, föreningsaktiva eller som tv-tittare. Medborgarna ställs inför att tillägna sig nya egenskaper som bland annat handlar om refl exivitet, livslångt lärande, livskompetens, entreprenörsskapande och ledningsförmåga. Dessa påbud om lärande uppträder tillsammans med föreställningar om ökat oberoende för individen.
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| 39. |
- Ozkirimli, Umut
(författare)
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‘And People's Concerns Were Genuine: Why Didn't We Listen More?’: Nationalism, Multiculturalism and Recognition in Europe
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Contemporary European Studies. - 1478-2804. ; 20:4, s. 307-321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this article is to draw attention to the dangerous, indeed poisonous, nature of the current debates on immigration and multiculturalism in today’s ‘omniphobic’ Europe, plagued not only by a severe economic crisis, but also a more general normative crisis, a ‘crisis of values’ so to speak, which has been consistently overlooked or manipulated by politicians and academics alike, or reduced to an epiphenomenon bound to disappear when financial balances are restored. I will argue in this context that nationalism (in some cases even outright racism) is key to understanding this crisis, a catalyst acting either as a cause or a symptom, and almost always as a profound source of legitimacy. Following a brief critique of the literature on the purported ‘death’ of multiculturalism—the academic side of the same coin—the article concludes by sketching the normative contours of an alternative model of multiculturalism, one that stresses the importance of the ideas of recognition, redistribution and participation.
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| 40. |
- Scott, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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International tourism and climate change
- 2012
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Ingår i: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. - : Wiley. - 1757-7780 .- 1757-7799. ; 3:3, s. 213-232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tourism is a major global economic sector that is undergoing tremendous growth in emerging economies and is often touted as salient for development and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Tourism is recognized as a highly climate-sensitive sector, one that is also strongly influenced by environmental and socioeconomic change influenced by climate change, and is also a growing contributor to anthropogenic climate change. This article outlines the complex interrelationships between climate change and the multiple components of the international tourism system. Five focal themes that have developed within the literature on the consequences of climate change for tourism are then critically reviewed: climatic change and temporal and geographic shifts in tourism demand, climate-induced environmental change and destination competitiveness within three major market segments (winter sports tourism, coastal tourism, and nature-based tourism), and mitigation policy developments and future tourist mobility. The review highlights the differential vulnerability of tourism destinations and that the resultant changes in competitiveness and sustainability will transform some international tourism markets. Feedbacks throughout the tourism system mean that all destinations will need to adapt to the risks and opportunities posed by climate change and climate policy. While notable progress has been made in the last decade, a number of important knowledge gaps in each of the major impact areas, key regional knowledge gaps, and both tourist and tourism operator perceptions of climate change risks and adaptive capacity indicate that the tourism sector is not currently well prepared for the challenges of climate change.
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| 41. |
- Tengberg, Anna, 1964, et al.
(författare)
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Cultural ecosystem services provided by landscapes: Assessment of heritage values and identity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ecosystem Services. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-0416. ; 2, s. 14-26
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to provide a conceptual analysis of cultural ecosystem services and how they are linked to the concepts of landscape, heritage and identity. It discusses how these cultural ecosystem services can be assessed and integrated into spatial and physical planning. The paper presents two case studies to shed light on the assessment process. A case study from Sweden combines an analysis of ecosystem services with methods for documenting cultural heritage values in landscapes. A second case study from the Arafura–Timor Seas combines an analysis of cultural ecosystem services with methods for assessment of priority environmental concerns at the seascape scale. We demonstrate that the methods from cultural heritage conservation provide tools for the analysis of historical values as well as historical drivers of change in landscapes that can add time-depth to more spatially focused ecosystem assessments. We propose that methods for valuation of cultural heritage and identity in landscapes are integrated into assessments of ecosystem services to inform policy making and physical and spatial planning for sustainable management of ecosystems and landscapes. This could also provide an approach for bringing about integrated implementation of conventions and instruments from the environmental and cultural heritage fields, respectively.
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| 42. |
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The Security-development Nexus : Peace, Conflict and Development
- 2012. - 1
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- Attention to the ‘security-development nexus’ has become commonplace in national and global policy-making, and yet the exact nature of the term remains undefined. This study approaches the subjects of development and security from a variety of different perspectives, offering an array of interpretations of the nexus along with an analysis of its potentially related issues. Particular attention is paid to studies of conflict and peace, with a focus upon the linkage between these subjects and the topic of the nexus itself.Specific areas of investigation include the role of diasporas in peace building, the relationship between the nexus and challenges to liberal state-building, and the part played by external parties in the peace processes of the Aceh and Sri Lankan conflicts. The inclusion of case studies from Africa, Asia and Europe provides the text with a strong geographical focus, and constructs a panoramic view of the nexus that encompasses the globe. Further country-based chapters – focusing on China, the Democratic Republic of Congo and South Africa – underline this worldwide perspective.The volume’s collected essays thus provide a detailed and comprehensive view of this fluid, contemporaneous topic, both theoretically and empirically. ‘The Security-Development Nexus’ is a vital appraisal of both the present issues and current thought concerning conflict, security and development.
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| 43. |
- Bahner, Julia
(författare)
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Legal Rights or Simply Wishes? The Struggle for Sexual Recognition of People with Physical Disabilities Using Personal Assistance in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Sexuality and Disability. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0146-1044 .- 1573-6717. ; 30:3, s. 337-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to explore the lived experience of sexuality for people with physical disabilities using formal personal assistance services in Sweden, from their own perspective. This is analyzed in relation to the aims of personal assistance services according to Swedish law, which states that they should be framed in terms of autonomy, integrity and self-determination making it possible to live a good life, on the same terms as non-disabled people. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with ten assistance users and through observations on an online discussion forum for people with disabilities. The main findings of the study concern participants’ struggle to be recognized as sexual beings in order to be able to live as desired, as well as the different strategies needed to overcome obstacles in sexual expression. Results indicate the need to train personal assistants about handling assistance users’ sexuality and sexual situations.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Elmerstig, Eva, 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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"Sexual pleasure on equal terms": Young women´s ideal sexual situations
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Journal of Psychosomatic Obstetrics and Gynaecology. - : Informa Healthcare. - 0167-482X .- 1743-8942. ; 33:3, s. 129-134
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: We wanted to identify young women’s ideal images of sexual situations and expectations of themselves in sexual situations.Methods: We conducted audiotaped qualitative individual interviews with 14 women aged 14 to 20 years, visiting two youth centers in Sweden. The data were analyzed with constant comparative analysis, the basis of grounded theory methodology. Results: The women’s ideal sexual situations in heterosexual practice were characterized by sexual pleasure on equal terms, implying that no one dominates and both partners get pleasure. There were obstacles to reaching this ideal, such as influences from social norms and demands, and experiences of the partner’s “own race”. An incentive to reach the ideal sexual situation was the wish to experience the source of pleasure.Conclusions: Our research further accentuates the importance of finding ways to focus on the complexity of unequal gender norms in youth heterosexuality. A better understanding of these cognitions is essential and useful among professionals working with youths´ sexual health.
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| 46. |
- Kalman, Hildur, 1955-, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges to Interdisciplinarity : Development of Arena Work in Gender Research Collaborations
- 2012
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. - 2220-8488 .- 2221-0989. ; 2:13, s. 58-67
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article discusses the challenges of working with hybrid teams within the overarching programme ChallengingGender, with its interdisciplinary theme groups and its arena for joint reflection and theoretical development. Theintellectual exchange over concepts with heterogeneous meanings across hybrid themes may lead to manydebates and controversies over allegedly joint concepts and be experienced as time-consuming exercises that givemeagre results. The article analyses the interaction within hybrid themes and between themes on the arena. Theanticipated dynamics in the process of arena work required both flexibility and adaptability, and the work wasdeveloped in several stages. Two important steps were the outlining of core statements and core questions at theheart of each theme, and letting themes actively challenge the research questions of other themes. The articlestresses the importance of exposure to methodological and theoretical pluralism to create scientific developmentand intellectual excitement.
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| 47. |
- Lane, Linda, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Fanon Revisited: Race, Gender and Coloniality vis-a-vis skin color
- 2012
-
Ingår i: The Melanin Millenium. - Dordrecht Netherlands : Springer. - 9789400746084 ; , s. 169-181
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Under colonialism, the mirror of the black-white binary has been shattered by white colonials consorting with black and indigenous women. By privileging lighter-skinned mixed-race groups, colonialists established a hierarchy that linked skin colour to economic and social class. Therefore, we argue that to understand the texts of Frantz Fanon and Mayotte Capécia requires analytical tools that resist seeing the world in black or white. Our reading of Fanon seeks to broaden the scope of analysis of these texts by looking at them as works standing at the crossroads where issues of race, colour, gender, class, and power converge. Blaming women absolves men from the painful reality that they are also partners in this construction. As two black women, we have been fascinated by the depth of Fanon’s understanding of the mechanisms and ideology of colonial oppression. However, the way Fanon deals with the desire of the black man to be whitened by his association to a white woman is very different from a reverse situation between a black woman and a white man. Both seek their redemption by the association to whiteness—lightness.
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| 48. |
- Liinason, Mia
(författare)
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Why interdisciplinarity? : Interdisciplinarity and women's/Gender studies in Europe
- 2012
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Ingår i: Theories and Methodologies in Postgraduate Feminist Research : Researching Differently - Researching Differently. - 9781136728433 - 9780203817339 ; , s. 151-164
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some years ago, I was asked to be a junior researcher in a European research project about interdisciplinarity. I was delighted, of course, and excited about the opportunity to explore the problems and possibilities of interdisciplinarity. On the afternoon of the same day, I had a meeting with two experienced academics. I told them I had been invited to take part in a research project and both enthusiastically congratulated me on my luck. They were eager to know about my collaborators, and following that, they wanted to know about the research topic. When I told them that I was supposed to investigate possibilities and obstacles for interdisciplinarity, they both sighed. “It’s a dead end,” one of them said. The other one fell silent. At the time, I thought their reactions simply refl ected their personalities, but when I recall this conversation now, I can see that their reactions are actually indicative of the kind of everyday life in the academy to which all scholars can relate.
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| 49. |
-
LiU Magasin
- 2012
-
Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 50. |
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LiU Magazine
- 2012
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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