| 1. |
- Schötz, Susanne, et al.
(författare)
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Phonetic Characteristics of Domestic Cat Vocalisations
- 2017
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 1st International Workshop on Vocal Interactivity in-and-between Humans, Animals and Robots, VIHAR 2017. - 9782956202905 ; , s. 5-6
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cat (Felis catus, Linneaus 1758) has lived around or with humans for at least 10,000 years, and is now one of the most popular pets of the world with more than 600 millionindividuals. Domestic cats have developed a more extensive, variable and complex vocal repertoire than most other members of the Carnivora, which may be explained by their social organisation, their nocturnal activity and the long period of association between mother and young. Still, we know surprisingly little about the phonetic characteristics of these sounds, and about the interaction between cats and humans.Members of the research project Melody in human–cat communication (Meowsic) investigate the prosodic characteristics of cat vocalisations as well as the communication between human and cat. The first step includes a categorisation of cat vocalisations. In the next step it will be investigated how humans perceive the vocal signals of domestic cats. This paper presents an outline of the project which has only recently started.
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| 2. |
- Ågren, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Number problems in monolingual and bilingual French-speaking children: A production/comprehension divide?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Language, Interaction and Acquisition. - : John Benjamins Publishing Company. - 1879-7865 .- 1879-7873. ; 4:1, s. 25-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on the acquisition of subject-verb agreement in number in spoken French. We compare production and comprehension of singular and plural verb forms in French monolingual and French-Swedish bilingual children (n=58) aged from five to ten years. Overall, the results demonstrate that subject-verb agreement in number is a challenge to all French-speaking children, be it monolingual or bilingual, due to its heterogeneous, partial and lexically restricted nature. Furthermore, in production, bilingual children omit plural verb forms significantly more often than monolinguals. However, in comprehension they pattern with their monolingual peers. The data also illustrate an asymmetric pattern: Plural verb forms are more easily comprehended than produced whereas singular verb forms are more easily produced than comprehended. The reasons for this asymmetry are discussed from a usage-based perspective, focusing on the frequency of verb forms and agreement patterns in the French input.
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| 3. |
- Colonna Dahlman, Roberta, et al.
(författare)
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Testing factivity in Italian : Experimental evidence for the hypothesis that Italian sapere is ambiguous
- 2019
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Ingår i: Language sciences (Oxford). - : Elsevier BV. - 0388-0001 .- 1873-5746. ; 72, s. 93-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In linguistics and in the philosophy of language it is standardly assumed that know is a factive verb, meaning that a sentence such as X knows that p, when uttered in its positive declarative form, presupposes, in fact entails, the truth of its complement. A problem for this analysis is the fact that the verb know can be used non-factively in contexts where it is evident that the proposition expressed by the subordinate clause is not true. In order to account for non-factive uses of know, two main solutions have been advanced in the literature. Hazlett (2009, 2010, 2012) proposes that know is not semantically factive and a sentence such as X knows that p does not entail, but only pragmatically implies p. On the other hand, Tsohatzidis (2012) argues that know is lexically ambiguous between a factive and a non-factive sense: when know is used in its factive sense, a sentence such as X knows that p entails p, whereas, when know occurs in its non-factive sense, it does not.As shown in recent works by Colonna Dahlman (2015, 2016, 2017b), the phenomenon at issue―the possibility for a speaker to use know in cases where the proposition expressed by the clause embedded under ‘knows’ is not true―is not unique to English, but occurs, for instance, also in Italian. We carried out a Truth Judgment Task to test the hypothesis that the Italian lexical item ‘sa’ (‘knows’) is ambiguous. Our findings are consistent with the lexical ambiguity hypothesis, and cannot be explained by Hazlett’s pragmatic solution.
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| 4. |
- Gunnarsson, Tina, et al.
(författare)
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Multilingual students' self-reported use of their language repertoires when writing in English
- 2015
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Ingår i: Apples - Journal of Applied Language Studies. - 1457-9863. ; 9:1, s. 1-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent research suggests that multilingual students tend to use their complete language repertoires, particularly their L1, when writing in a non-native language (e.g. Cenoz & Gorter 2011; Wang 2003). While there is some international research on the L2 and L3 writing process among bilinguals, the L2/L3 writing process of bilingual and multilingual individuals in the Swedish context remains unexplored (Tholin 2012). This study, carried out in a Swedish secondary school, focuses on 131 bi- and multilingual students’ (age 15-16) self-reported languages of thought while writing an essay in English, which is a non-native language. Drawing on the translanguaging framework (Blackledge & Creese 2010; García 2009) and a model of the L2 writing process (Wang & Wen 2002), the questionnaire data of the present study reveal that the participants’ L1 is reported to be heavily activated during the L2 writing process, particularly at the prewriting, planning stage. Additionally, the emergent bilingual participants who grew up as monolinguals (L1 Swedish) report a greater tendency to transition to thinking in the target language (English, their L2) once they have reached the actual writing stage than some of the emergent trilingual participants who grew up as bilinguals (of Swedish and another L1, used primarily in the home). On the basis of these findings, we suggest a need to move away from the monolingual teaching practices common in Swedish schools, allowing space for students to translanguage as they are engaging with writing tasks in a non-native language.
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| 5. |
- Farshchi, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Processing sentences with sentential and prefixal negation : An event-related potential study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Language, Cognition and Neuroscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2327-3798 .- 2327-3801. ; 36:1, s. 84-98
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study is concerned with the integration of negation in relation to two models of the processing of negation: (i) the two-step model (Lüdtke et al., 2008), according to which negation involves two representations where negation is ignored in the first representation, and (ii) the pragmatic view (Nieuwland & Kuperberg, 2008), which posits that negation can be integrated without delay if it is used in a natural context. The processing of two negated forms (not authorised and unauthorised) and an affirmative form (authorised) was studied in complex congruent and incongruent contexts. Incongruities in affirmative sentences elicited a biphasic N400–P600. In both types of negated sentences, ERP patterns associated with higher processing difficulties (anterior and central negativities) were observed. The results did not support one or the other model, suggesting that the processing of negation cannot be fully captured by either of them.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Zlatev, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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Motion event descriptions in Swedish, French, Thai and Telugu: a study in post-Talmian motion event typology
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Linguistica Hafniensia. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0374-0463 .- 1949-0763. ; 53:1, s. 58-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Motion-event typology has moved into a “post-Talmian” terrain of approaches focusing on an open-ended number of patterns across languages and constructions. Following a proposal to distinguish between four typological clusters, we systematically compared the motion event descriptions in four languages suggested to exemplify these clusters: Swedish, French, Thai and Telugu, with the help of an elicitation-based study. 20 adult native speakers of each language were asked to describe 52 motion events, 38 of which were translocative. The stimuli varied with respect to the parameters caused/uncaused, bounded/unbounded motion as well as the viewpoint from which they were filmed. The descriptions were analyzed following Holistic Spatial Semantics and compared with respect to the categories Path, Direction, Region, Landmark, Manner and Cause, as well as the means of expressing these. The four languages patterned differently in significant ways. In terms of Path expression, French lagged behind the other languages, but with respect to Direction, it patterned together with Swedish. We demonstrate a number of such criss-crossing patterns, showing that there is no way to group the languages, thus implying at least four distinct typological prototypes. Further, we show that different kinds of motion situations, corresponding to different constructions, need to be compared separately. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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| 8. |
- Ågren, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Input frequency and the acquisition of subject-verb agreement in numner in spoken and written French
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of French Language Studies. - 0959-2695. ; 23:3, s. 311-333
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study focuses on the characteristics of subject-verb agreement in number in spoken and written French, two morphological systems that are very different. In particular, we investigate the impact of frequency of forms and morphological patterns in the input on the acquisition of number agreement in monolingual and bilingual French-speaking children (n=32). Our results demonstrate an almost perfect fit between the partial and heterogeneous nature of number agreement in the spoken input and the errors found in the children’s spoken narratives. However, the influence of a highly systematic written number-agreement on the children’s written narratives is weak, mainly due to the lack of phonological cues of number agreement in written French.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Farshchi, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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ERP studies of visual and auditory processing of negated sentences
- 2019
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Ingår i: [Presented at] The XIV International Symposium of Pshycholinguistics. - Tarragona : Rovira i Virgili University. ; , s. 85-85
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In two event-related potential studies, we investigated the processing of sentences with prefixal negation (unauthorized), sentential negation (not authorized) and no negation (authorized). We asked whether prefixal and sentential negation resulted in delayed processing. In Experiment 1, sentences such as “The White House announced that the new Obama biography was authorized/unauthorized/not authorized therefore the details in the book were correct/wrong in actual fact” were presented visually word by word and were followed by a forced binary-choice task (“Did the sentence make sense?”). The underlined words indicate the manipulations and the bold words indicate the critical words. In Experiment 2, the same sentences were presented auditorily. In both experiments, ERPs to the critical words were analyzed. The results suggest that in both experiments, the False version of non-negated sentences (authorized combined with wrong) elicited a larger N400 and P600 than the True version (authorized combined with correct). Sentences with prefixal and sentential negation in the visual experiment were related to slower processing suggesting a delay in integrating negation. However, in the auditory study, False sentences elicited increases in the P600 suggesting that both negation forms were successfully processed. The difference in processing the negated forms between the two modalities could be explained by the fact that the auditory paradigm allowed for a faster presentation and participants could thus keep the negated forms in working memory, while the visual study was, due to a slower presentation, more demanding on the working memory requiring an activation of the negated meanings as the critical words appeared.
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