SwePub
Sök i SwePub databas

  Utökad sökning

AND är defaultoperator och kan utelämnas

Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine) ;lar1:(ki)"

Sökning: AMNE:(MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES Basic Medicine) > Karolinska Institutet

  • Resultat 1-10 av 6129
Sortera/gruppera träfflistan
   
NumreringReferensOmslagsbildHitta
1.
  • Krupic, Ferid, et al. (författare)
  • The Influence of Age, Gender and Religion on Willingness to be an Organ Donor: Experience of Religious Muslims Living in Sweden.
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Journal of religion and health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-6571 .- 0022-4197. ; 58
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The transplantation of organs is one of the most successful medical advances in recent decades, and transplantation is the treatment of choice for severe organ failure worldwide. Despite this situation and the general acknowledgment of organ donation (OD) as a global priority, the demand for organs outstrips the supply in virtually every country in the world. The study aims to elucidate whether age, gender and religion influence decision-making about organ donation in religious Muslims living in Sweden Data were collected through three group interviews using open-ended questions and qualitative content analysis. Twenty-seven participants, 15 males and 12 females from four countries, participated in the focus group interviews. The analysis of the collected data resulted in three main categories: "Information and knowledge about organ donation," "The priorities when deciding about organ donation" and "The religious aspects of organ donation," including a number of subcategories. Good information about and knowledge of OD, priorities in OD, importance of the fact that religion must be studied and taught daily and religious education were only a few of the factors informants emphasized as predictors of the total and successful donation of organs. Age, gender or religion did not have an impact on organ donation. High levels of education through religious education and good information via various media, as well as a good knowledge of the Swedish language, are predictors of improved OD. In order to overcome religious ideology as a source of misinformation relating to OD and to promote increased OD in the future, specific intervention studies and the improved involvement of religious communities and education in schools and the healthcare system are vital and must be a starting point for improved OD.
  •  
2.
  •  
3.
  •  
4.
  • Gyllensten, Hanna, 1979, et al. (författare)
  • Economic Impact of Adverse Drug Events – A Retrospective Population-Based Cohort Study of 4970 Adults
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:3
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background The aim was to estimate the direct costs caused by ADEs, including costs for dispensed drugs, primary care, other outpatient care, and inpatient care, and to relate the direct costs caused by ADEs to the societal COI (direct and indirect costs), for patients with ADEs and for the entire study population. Methods We conducted a population-based observational retrospective cohort study of ADEs identified from medical records. From a random sample of 5025 adults in a Swedish county council, 4970 were included in the analyses. During a three-month study period in 2008, direct and indirect costs were estimated from resource use identified in the medical records and from register data on costs for resource use. Results Among 596 patients with ADEs, the average direct costs per patient caused by ADEs were USD 444.9 [95% CI: 264.4 to 625.3], corresponding to USD 21 million per 100 000 adult inhabitants per year. Inpatient care accounted for 53.9% of all direct costs caused by ADEs. For patients with ADEs, the average societal cost of illness was USD 6235.0 [5442.8 to 7027.2], of which direct costs were USD 2830.1 [2260.7 to 3399.4] (45%), and indirect costs USD 3404.9 [2899.3 to 3910.4] (55%). The societal cost of illness was higher for patients with ADEs compared to other patients. ADEs caused 9.5% of all direct healthcare costs in the study population. Conclusions Healthcare costs for patients with ADEs are substantial across different settings; in primary care, other outpatient care and inpatient care. Hence the economic impact of ADEs will be underestimated in studies focusing on inpatient ADEs alone. Moreover, the high proportion of indirect costs in the societal COI for patients with ADEs suggests that the observed costs caused by ADEs would be even higher if including indirect costs. Additional studies are needed to identify interventions to prevent and manage ADEs.
  •  
5.
  • Saulo, Eleonor C., et al. (författare)
  • Willingness and ability to pay for artemisinin-based combination therapy in rural Tanzania
  • 2008
  • Ingår i: Malaria Journal. - London : BioMed Central. - 1475-2875 .- 1475-2875. ; 7, s. 227-
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • The aim of this study was to analyse willingness to pay (WTP) and ability to pay (ATP) for ACT for children below five years of age in a rural setting in Tanzania before the introduction of artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria. Socio-economic factors associated with WTP and expectations on anti-malaria drugs, including ACT, were also explored.MethodsStructured interviews and focus group discussions were held with mothers, household heads, health-care workers and village leaders in Ishozi, Gera and Ishunju wards in north-west Tanzania in 2004. Contingent valuation method (CVM) was used with "take-it-or-leave-it" as the eliciting method, expressed as WTP for a full course of ACT for a child and households' opportunity cost of ACT was used to assess ATP. The study included descriptive analyses with multivariate adjustment for potential confounding factors.ResultsAmong 265 mothers and household heads, 244 (92%, CI = 88%–95%) were willing to pay Tanzanian Shillings (TSh) 500 (US$ 0.46) for a child's dose of ACT, but only 55% (49%–61%) were willing to pay more than TSh 500. Mothers were more often willing to pay than male household heads (adjusted odds ratio = 2.1, CI = 1.2–3.6). Socio-economic status had no significant effect on WTP. The median annual non-subsidized ACT cost for clinical malaria episodes in an average household was calculated as US$ 6.0, which would represent 0.9% of the average total consumption expenditures as estimated from official data in 2001. The cost of non-subsidized ACT represented 7.0% of reported total annual expenditure on food and 33.0% of total annual expenditure on health care."Rapid effect," "no adverse effect" and "inexpensive" were the most desired features of an anti-malarial drug.ConclusionWTP for ACT in this study was less than its real cost and a subsidy is, therefore, needed to enable its equitable affordability. The decision taken in Tanzania to subsidize Coartem® fully at governmental health care facilities and at a consumer price of TSh 300–500 (US$ 0.28–0.46) at special designated shops through the programme of Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDOs) appears to be well founded.
  •  
6.
  • Brundin, Peik M.A., et al. (författare)
  • Blood hormones and torque teno virus in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 6:11
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Men and women respond differently to infectious diseases. Women show less morbidity and mortality, partially due to the differences in sex hormone levels which can influence the immune response. Torque teno virus (TTV) is non-pathogenic and ubiquitously present in serum from a large proportion (up to 90%) of adult humans with virus levels correlating with the status of the host immune response. The source of TTV replication is unknown, but T-lymphocytes have been proposed. In this study we investigated the presence and levels of TTV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in premenopausal (pre-MP) women, post-menopausal (post-MP) women, and men, and determined their serum sex hormone levels. Of the examined subjects (n = 27), we found presence of TTV in PMBC from 17.6% pre-MP (n = 17), 25.0% post-MP (n = 4) and 50.0% men (n = 6). The levels of TTV/μg DNA were lower among TTV-positive men and post-MP women compared to pre-MP women. All the positive pre-MP women were either anovulatory, hypothyroid, or both. In addition, the TTV-positive pre-MP women had significantly lower progesterone levels compared to TTV-negative pre-MP women. Although our study was performed on a limited number of subjects, the data suggests that TTV in PBMC is associated with an anovulatory menstrual cycle with low progesterone levels, and possibly with male sex.
  •  
7.
  • Hedna, Khedidja, 1978, et al. (författare)
  • Clinical relevance of alerts from a decision support system, PHARAO, for drug safety assessment in the older adults
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2318. ; 19:1
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BackgroundPHARAO is a decision support system developed to evaluate the risk for a set of either common or serious side-effects resulting from a combination of pharmacodynamic effects from a patient's medications. The objective of this study was to investigate the validity of the risk scores for the common side-effects generated by PHARAO in older patients.MethodsSide-effects included were sedation, constipation, orthostatic symptoms, anticholinergic and serotonergic effects. The alerts generated by PHARAO were tested in 745 persons 65years old. Dispensed prescriptions retrieved from the Swedish prescribed drug register were used to generate the pharmacological risk scores of patients' medications. Symptoms possibly related to side-effects were extracted from medical records data.ResultsThe PHARAO system generated 776 alerts, most often for the risk of anticholinergic symptoms. The total specificity estimates of the PHARAO system were 0.95, 0.89 and 0.78 for high, intermediate and low risk alerts, respectively. The corresponding sensitivity estimates were between 0.12 and 0.37. The negative predictive value was 0.90 and the positive predictive value ranged between 0.20-0.25.ConclusionsThe PHARAO system had a high specificity and negative predictive value to detect symptoms possibly associated with the of patients' medications, while the sensitivity and positive predictive value were low. The PHARAO system has the potential to minimise the risk of over-alerts in combination with a drug-drug interaction alert system, but should be used in connection with a medical evaluation of the patient.
  •  
8.
  • Ruiz, Jonatan R., et al. (författare)
  • Homocysteine levels in children and adolescents are associated with the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677C>T genotype, but not with physical activity, fitness or fatness : the European Youth Heart Study
  • 2007
  • Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - Cambridge : Cambridge university press. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 97:2, s. 255-262
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • To examine the associations of total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) with physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and fatness in children and adolescents, a cross-sectional study of 301 children (9–10 years old) and 379 adolescents (15–16 years old) was conducted. Physical activity was measured by accelerometry. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test. Body fat was derived from the sum of five skinfold thicknesses. Genotyping for the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677C>T polymorphism was done by DNA sequencing. Fasting tHcy level was the outcome variable. Multiple regressions were used to determine the degree to which variance in tHcy was explained by physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and body fat, after controlling for potential confounders including MTHFR 677C>T genotype. tHcy levels were neither associated with any measure of level and pattern of physical activity nor with data on cardiorespiratory fitness, or body fat, in any age group after controlling for potential confounders including MTHFR 677C>T and even when subgroups 677TT and 677CC+CT were analysed separately. Mean values of tHcy were significantly higher in the TT subgroup compared with CC and CT subgroups in children (TT 7·4 μmol/l, CC 6·3 μmol/l, CT 6·6 μmol/l, P < 0·001 and P = 0·019, respectively) and adolescents (TT 16·9 μmol/l, CC 8·3 μmol/l, CT 9·0 μmol/l, both P < 0·001). The results suggest that physical activity, fitness and body fat are not associated with tHcy levels in children and adolescents, even after controlling for presence of the MTHFR 677C>T genotype, the main influence on tHcy levels in these subjects.
  •  
9.
  • Stener-Victorin, Elisabet, et al. (författare)
  • Proteomic analysis shows decreased Type I fibers and ectopic fat accumulation in skeletal muscle from women with PCOS
  • 2024
  • Ingår i: eLife. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 12
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome’s (PCOS) main feature is hyperandrogenism, which is linked to a higher risk of metabolic disorders in women. Gene expression analyses in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle reveal dysregulated metabolic pathways in women with PCOS, but these differences do not necessarily lead tochanges in protein levels and biological function. Methods: To advance our understanding of the molecular alterations in PCOS, we performed global proteomic and phosphorylation site analysis using tandem mass spectrometry. Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle were collected at baseline from 10 women with and without PCOS, and in women with PCOS after 5 weeks of treatment with electrical stimulation. Results: Perilipin-1, a protein that typically coats the surface of lipid droplets in adipocytes, was increased whereas proteins involved in muscle contraction and type I muscle fiber function were downregulated in PCOS muscle. Proteins in the thick and thin filaments had many altered phosphorylation sites, indicating differences in protein activity and function. The upregulated proteins in muscle post treatment were enriched in pathways involved in extracellular matrix organization and wound healing, which may reflect a protective adaptation to repeated contractions and tissue damage due to needling. A similar, albeit less pronounced, upregulation in extracellular matrix organization pathways was also seen in adipose tissue. Conclusions: Our results suggest that hyperandrogenic women with PCOS have higher levels of extramyocellular lipids and fewer oxidative insulin-sensitive type I muscle fibers. These could be key factors leading insulin resistance in PCOS muscle while electric stimulation-induced tissue remodeling may be protective.
  •  
10.
  • Eliason, Gabriella, et al. (författare)
  • Physical performance and muscular characteristics in different stages of COPD
  • 2009
  • Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 19:6, s. 865-870
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study has examined exercise capacity and muscle morphology in patients with different severities of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Twenty-three patients and 12 healthy matched controls were recruited. Based on the severity of airflow obstruction, patients were divided into two subgroups. Exercise capacity was determined using a 6-min walk test. Muscle fiber composition, fiber area and number of satellite cells/muscle fiber were determined in muscle biopsies using immunohistochemistry. A progressive decline in exercise capacity was noted with ascending disease severity. Furthermore, a correlation between reduction in exercise capacity and changes in muscle fiber composition was observed in COPD. The group with severe and very severe COPD had a lower proportion of type I and a higher proportion of type IIa fibers compared with the other groups. In severe and very severe COPD, a reduction in fiber area of type IIa fibers was also seen. The number of satellite cells/muscle fiber did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, a decline in exercise capacity occurs already in mild and moderate COPD, indicating that the 6-min walk test is a reliable indicator of disease severity. Furthermore, changes in skeletal muscle morphology are associated with disease severity while muscle regenerative capacity is not altered.
  •  
Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka
  • Resultat 1-10 av 6129
Typ av publikation
tidskriftsartikel (5833)
forskningsöversikt (224)
konferensbidrag (47)
doktorsavhandling (14)
bokkapitel (11)
konstnärligt arbete (1)
visa fler...
visa färre...
Typ av innehåll
refereegranskat (5900)
övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt (227)
populärvet., debatt m.m. (2)
Författare/redaktör
Blennow, Kaj, 1958 (146)
Zetterberg, Henrik, ... (138)
Dillner, Joakim (75)
Betsholtz, Christer (64)
Landén, Mikael, 1966 (58)
Svenningsson, Per (49)
visa fler...
Winblad, Bengt (47)
Lind, Lars (46)
Holmdahl, Rikard (45)
Eiken, Ola (45)
Zhu, Changlian, 1964 (43)
Wolk, Alicja (41)
Bäckman, Lars (40)
Easton, DF (39)
Esko, T (39)
von Euler, Mia, 1967 ... (39)
Gudnason, V (38)
Psaty, BM (38)
Stefansson, K (38)
Brenner, H (37)
Nilsson, Peter (36)
Magnusson, PKE (36)
Borg, Åke (36)
Cervenka, Simon (36)
Sonkoly, Enikö (36)
Metspalu, A (36)
Zheng, W. (35)
Haiman, CA (35)
Chanock, SJ (35)
Boerwinkle, E (35)
Kraft, P (35)
Giles, GG (34)
Kivipelto, Miia (34)
Fratiglioni, Laura (34)
Larsson, Henrik, 197 ... (34)
Uitterlinden, AG (33)
Southey, MC (33)
Lehtimaki, T. (33)
Pedersen, Nancy L (33)
Gieger, C (33)
Wang, Q. (32)
Skoog, Ingmar, 1954 (32)
Rotter, JI (32)
Lichtenstein, P. (32)
Hayward, C. (32)
Johnell, Kristina (32)
Hall, P (31)
Ikram, MA (31)
Couch, FJ (31)
Andersson, Gerhard (31)
visa färre...
Lärosäte
Uppsala universitet (1324)
Göteborgs universitet (840)
Lunds universitet (810)
Stockholms universitet (534)
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (456)
visa fler...
Umeå universitet (387)
Örebro universitet (292)
Linköpings universitet (288)
Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan (98)
Högskolan i Skövde (37)
Chalmers tekniska högskola (32)
Sveriges Lantbruksuniversitet (29)
Högskolan i Halmstad (23)
Linnéuniversitetet (19)
Jönköping University (15)
Mittuniversitetet (12)
Högskolan Dalarna (8)
Södertörns högskola (6)
Malmö universitet (5)
Handelshögskolan i Stockholm (5)
Högskolan i Borås (5)
Luleå tekniska universitet (3)
Karlstads universitet (3)
Högskolan Kristianstad (2)
Högskolan Väst (2)
Mälardalens universitet (2)
Sophiahemmet Högskola (2)
Marie Cederschiöld högskola (2)
Röda Korsets Högskola (2)
Högskolan i Gävle (1)
RISE (1)
visa färre...
Språk
Engelska (6121)
Svenska (7)
Tyska (1)
Forskningsämne (UKÄ/SCB)
Medicin och hälsovetenskap (6127)
Naturvetenskap (496)
Samhällsvetenskap (183)
Teknik (49)
Lantbruksvetenskap (19)
Humaniora (9)

År

Kungliga biblioteket hanterar dina personuppgifter i enlighet med EU:s dataskyddsförordning (2018), GDPR. Läs mer om hur det funkar här.
Så här hanterar KB dina uppgifter vid användning av denna tjänst.

 
pil uppåt Stäng

Kopiera och spara länken för att återkomma till aktuell vy