| 1. |
- Landberg, Rikard, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Avenanthramides as lipoxygenase inhibitors
- 2020
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Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8440. ; 6:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Avenanthramides (AVAs) present in oats are amides of anthranilic and cinnamic acids. AVAs are potent antioxidants and have anti-inflammatory properties. There are various potential mechanisms for their anti-inflammatory effects, including inhibition of lipoxygenases (LOX), which catalyse oxygenation of polyunsaturated fatty acids into potent signal molecules involved in inflammatory processes. In this study, AVAs were screened for LOX inhibition in vitro and structure-activity relationships were examined. Twelve different AVAs at 0.6 mM were tested as LOX inhibitors. The corresponding free cinnamic acids, the AVA analogue Tranilast® and the known LOX inhibitor trans-resveratrol were included for comparison. It was found that AVAs comprising caffeic or sinapic acid exhibited significant lipoxygenase inhibition (60–90%) (P < 0.05), whereas low or no inhibition was observed with AVAs containing p-coumaric or ferulic acid. No difference in inhibition was seen on comparing AVAs with their free corresponding cinnamic acids, which implies that the anthranilic acid part of the avenanthramide molecule does not affect inhibition. Trans-resveratrol showed inhibition, whereas no inhibition was seen for Tranilast® at the concentrations used in this study. This study suggests that aventahtramides comprising caffeic acid or sinapic acid partly exert their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects via lipoxygenase inhibition.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Furmark, Tomas, et al.
(författare)
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A link between serotonin-related gene polymorphisms, amygdala activity, and placebo-induced relief from social anxiety
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 28:49, s. 13066-74
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Placebo may yield beneficial effects that are indistinguishable from those of active medication, but the factors underlying proneness to respond to placebo are widely unknown. Here, we used functional neuroimaging to examine neural correlates of anxiety reduction resulting from sustained placebo treatment under randomized double-blind conditions, in patients with social anxiety disorder. Brain activity was assessed during a stressful public speaking task by means of positron emission tomography before and after an 8 week treatment period. Patients were genotyped with respect to the serotonin transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) and the G-703T polymorphism in the tryptophan hydroxylase-2 (TPH2) gene promoter. Results showed that placebo response was accompanied by reduced stress-related activity in the amygdala, a brain region crucial for emotional processing. However, attenuated amygdala activity was demonstrable only in subjects who were homozygous for the long allele of the 5-HTTLPR or the G variant of the TPH2 G-703T polymorphism, and not in carriers of short or T alleles. Moreover, the TPH2 polymorphism was a significant predictor of clinical placebo response, homozygosity for the G allele being associated with greater improvement in anxiety symptoms. Path analysis supported that the genetic effect on symptomatic improvement with placebo is mediated by its effect on amygdala activity. Hence, our study shows, for the first time, evidence of a link between genetically controlled serotonergic modulation of amygdala activity and placebo-induced anxiety relief.
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| 4. |
- Axelsson, Inge, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Luftvägsinfektioner hos barn och vuxna
- 2009
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Ingår i: Läkemedelsboken 2009-2010. - Stockholm : Apoteket AB. ; , s. 670-695
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Luftvägsinfektioner är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till ett akut besök i sjukvården. Antalet läkarbesök och antibiotikarecept ökar markant några veckor efter daghemseller skolstarten och minskar under lovperioder. Hos läkare och allmänhet finns en ökad medvetenhet om nödvändigheten av att vara försiktig med antibiotika. Flera studier har visat att nyttan av antibiotika är liten vid flera av våra vanligaste bakteriella infektioner, vilket också framkommit i de nya nationella rekommendationerna för handläggning av öroninflammationer (år 2000), halsinfektioner (år 2001), bihåleinfektioner (år 2005) och nedre luftvägsinfektioner (år 2008) (, ). En hög följsamhet till barnvaccinationsprogrammet och en hög vaccinationsgrad av äldre mot influensa och pneumokocker förebygger infektioner och bakteriella komplikationer och medför minskad morbiditet och mortalitet. Förbättrad basal hygien, speciellt i småbarnsgrupper, med handtvätt, pappersnäsdukar och pappershanddukar kan minska infektionsspridning och sjuklighet i luftvägsinfektioner.
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| 5. |
- Koptyug, Andrey, 1956-, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic modeling of tumor development
- 2011
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Ingår i: Science First Hand. - Siberian Branch of RAS : Publishing House INFOLIO. - 1810-3960. ; 6:42, s. 44-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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