| 1. |
- Edlund, Agneta, et al.
(författare)
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Delirium before and after operation for femoral neck fracture
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 49:10, s. 1335-1340
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the differences between preoperative and postoperative delirium regarding predisposing, precipitating factors and outcome in older patients admitted to hospital with femoral neck fractures.DESIGN: A prospective clinical assessment of patients treated for femoral neck fractures.SETTING: Department of orthopedic surgery at Umeå University Hospital, Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: One hundred one patients, age 65 and older admitted to the hospital for treatment of femoral neck fractures.MEASUREMENTS: The Organic Brain Syndrome (OBS) Scale.RESULTS: Thirty patients (29.7%) were delirious before surgery and another 19 (18.8%) developed delirium postoperatively. Of those who were delirious preoperatively, all but one remained delirious postoperatively. The majority of those delirious before surgery were demented, had been treated with drugs with anticholinergic properties (mainly neuroleptics), had had previous episodes of delirium, and had fallen indoors. Patients who developed postoperative delirium had perioperative falls in blood pressure and had more postoperative complications such as infections. Male patients were more often delirious both preoperatively and postoperatively. Patients with preoperative delirium were more often discharged to institutional care and had poorer walking ability both on discharge and after 6 months than did patients with postoperative delirium only.CONCLUSIONS: Because preoperative and postoperative delirium are associated with different risk factors it is necessary to devise different strategies for their prevention.
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| 2. |
- Lundström, Maria
(författare)
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Delirium in old patients with femoral neck fracture : risk factors, outcome, prevention and treatment
- 2004
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Delirium is probably the most common presenting symptom of disease in old age. Delirium, as defined in DSM-IV, is a neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by disturbance in attention and consciousness, which develops over a short period of time and where the symptoms tend to fluctuate during the course of the day. The overall aim was to increase knowledge about the risk factors and outcome of delirium in old patients with femoral neck fracture and to develop and evaluate a multi-factorial intervention program for prevention and treatment of delirium in these patients.In a prospective study of 101 consecutive patients with a femoral neck fracture, 29.7% were delirious before surgery and another 18.8% developed delirium postoperatively. Of those who were delirious preoperatively all but one remained delirious postoperatively. The majority of those delirious before surgery were demented, treated with drugs with anticholinergic properties (mainly neuroleptics), had had previous episodes of delirium and had fallen indoors. Patients who developed postoperative delirium had perioperative falls in blood pressure and seemed to have more postoperative complications, such as infections. Patients with preoperative delirium had a poorer walking ability on discharge compared to patients with postoperative delirium only.In a five-year prospective follow up study 30 out of 78 (38.5%) non-demented patients with a femoral neck fracture developed dementia. Twenty out of 29 (69%) who were delirious postoperatively developed dementia compared to 10 out of 49 (20%) who were not delirious during hospitalization (p<0.001). Twenty-one (72.4%) of those with postoperative delirium died within 5 years compared to 17/49 (34.7%) of those who remained lucid postoperatively (p=0.001).A non-randomized multi-factorial intervention study with the aim of preventing and treating delirium among patients with femoral neck fracture (n=49) showed that the incidence of delirium was significantly lower than reported in previously published studies. The incidence of other postoperative complications was also lower and a larger proportion of the patients regained independent walking ability and could return to their previous living conditions on discharge.A similar multi-factorial intervention program evaluated as a randomized controlled trial including 199 femoral neck fracture patients showed that fewer intervention patients than controls suffered postoperative delirium (56/102, 55% vs. 73/97, 75%, p=0.003). For intervention patients the postoperative delirium was also of shorter duration (5.0±7.1 days vs. 10.2±13.3 days, p=0.009). Eighteen percent in the intervention ward and 52% of controls were delirious after the seventh postoperative day (p<0.001). Intervention patients suffered from significantly fewer in-hospital complications, such as decubital ulcers, urinary tract infections, nutritional complications, sleeping problems and falls, than controls. Total postoperative hospitalization was shorter in the intervention ward (28.0±17.9 days vs. 38.0±40.6 days, p=0.028).In conclusion, pre- and postoperative delirium is common and seems to be associated with various risk factors, which require different strategies for prevention and treatment. Delirium is also associated with the development of dementia and a higher mortality rate. Multifactorial intervention programs can successfully be implemented and result in the reduction of delirium, fewer complications and shorter hospitalization.
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| 3. |
- Lundström, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Dementia after delirium in patients with femoral neck fractures.
- 2003
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Ingår i: Journal of The American Geriatrics Society. - : Wiley. - 0002-8614 .- 1532-5415. ; 51:7, s. 1002-1006
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether delirium in older patients with femoral neck fractures is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia and a higher mortality rate.DESIGN: A 5-year prospective follow-up study.SETTING: Department of Orthopedic Surgery at the University Hospital in Umeå, Sweden.PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-eight nondemented patients aged 65 and older operated on for femoral neck fractures were followed for 5 years.MEASUREMENTS: The patients were assessed using the Organic Brain Syndrome (OBS) Scale pre- and postoperatively. Medical and social data were collected from the patients, their caregivers, and medical records, and the survivors were visited and assessed with the OBS Scale and the Mini-Mental State Examination in their homes 5 years after the fracture.RESULTS: Thirty of 78 (38.5%) nondemented patients with a femoral neck fracture developed dementia within a 5-year period. Twenty of 29 (69%) who were delirious postoperatively developed dementia, compared with 10 of 49 (20%) who were not delirious during their hospital stay (P <.001). Twenty-one (72.4%) of those with postoperative delirium died within 5 years, compared with 17 of 49 (34.7%) of those who remained lucid postoperatively (P =.001).CONCLUSION: Delirium in nondemented femoral neck fracture patients is associated with the development of dementia and a higher mortality rate. Patients with preoperative or postoperative delirium should therefore be assessed not only for the etiology of the delirium but also for any underlying organic brain disorder. Questions that remain unanswered are whether postoperative delirium is a marker of undetected dementia and whether postoperative delirium contributes to the development of dementia.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Gustafson, Yngve, et al.
(författare)
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Delirium hos äldre kan förebyggas och behandlas
- 2002
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Ingår i: Tidsskrift for Den norske lægeforening. - 0029-2001 .- 0807-7096. ; 122:8, s. 810-814
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Forskningsöversikt (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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