| 1. |
- Helleberg, Fredrik, et al.
(författare)
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Anatomical variants of the acromioclavicular joint influence its visibility in the standard MRI protocol in patients aged 18–31years
- 2022
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Ingår i: Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0930-1038 .- 1279-8517. ; 44, s. 951-61
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Visualization of a structure in orthogonal planes is essential for correct radiological assessment. The aim was to assess the utility of the standard MRI protocol for the shoulder in the assessment of the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ). Methods: A total of 204 MRI scans of the shoulder were re-reviewed. Visibility of the ACJ in orthogonal planes was assessed, and the type of acromion and the angle between the ACJ and the glenoid cavity were assessed by two observers. Results: Agreement in the assessment of ACJ visibility was moderate to substantial. The ACJ was visible in the three anatomical views in 48% (confidence interval [CI] 95% = [41–54%]) of the examinations, and no significant difference regarding gender or age was noticed. The mean angle between the ACJ and the glenoid cavity was 41.12deg. CI95% = (39.72, 42.53) in the axial plane, 33.39deg. CI95% = (31.33, 35.45) in the coronal plane and 52.49deg. CI95% = (50.10, 54.86) in the sagittal plane. When the ACJ was visible in the sagittal and axial planes, significant differences were noticed in the remaining planes (p <.05). Conclusion: Anatomical variations of the ACJ influence its visibility in the standard MRI protocol for examining the shoulder, making this protocol insufficient for ACJ assessment in the examined population.
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| 2. |
- Kvist, Ola, et al.
(författare)
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A cross-sectional magnetic resonance imaging study of factors influencing growth plate closure in adolescents and young adults
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 110:4, s. 1249-1256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To assess growth plate fusion by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and evaluate the correlation with sex, age, pubertal development, physical activity and BMI. Methods Wrist, knee and ankle of 958 healthy subjects aged 14.0-21.5 years old were examined using MRI and graded by two radiologists. Correlations of growth plate fusion score with age, pubertal development, physical activity and BMI were assessed. Results Complete growth plate fusion occurred in 75%, 85%, 97%, 98%, 98% and 90%, 97%, 95%, 97%, 98% (radius, femur, proximal- and distal tibia and calcaneus) in 17-year-old females and 19-year-old males, respectively. Complete fusion occurs approximately 2 years earlier in girls than in boys. Pubertal development correlated with growth plate fusion score (rho = 0.514-0.598 for the different growth plate sites) but regular physical activity did not. BMI also correlated with growth plate fusion (rho = 0.186-0.384). Stratified logistic regression showed increased odds ratio (OR F: 2.65-8.71; M: 1.71-4.03) for growth plate fusion of obese or overweight subects versus normal-weight subjects. Inter-observer agreement was high (Kappa = 0.87-0.94). Conclusion Growth plate fusion can be assessed by MRI; occurs in an ascending order, from the foot to the wrist; and is significantly influenced by sex, pubertal development and BMI, but not by physical activity.
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| 3. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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Morphometric relationships between dimensions the anterior talofibular ligament and calcaneofibular ligament in routine magnetic resonance imaging
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Orthopaedics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2197-1153. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: This study aimed to test the hypothesis that routine MRI ankle can be used to evaluate dimensions and correlations between dimensions of single and double fascicular variants of the ATFL and the CFL. Methods: We reviewed ankle MRIs for 251 patients. Differences between the length, thickness, width, and length of the bony attachments were evaluated twice. P <.05 was considered as significant. Results: For the ATFL, we observed a negative correlation between thickness and width, with a positive correlation between thickness and length (p < 0.001). The average values for the ATFL were thickness, 2.2 ± 0.05 mm; length, 21.5 ± 0.5 mm; and width, 7.6 ± 0.6 mm. The average values for the CFL were thickness, 2.1 ± 0.04 mm; length, 27.5 ± 0.5 mm; and width, 5.6 ± 0.3 mm. A negative correlation was found between length and width for the CFL (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Routine MRI showed that most dimensions of the ATFL and CFL correlate with each other, which should be considered when planning new reconstruction techniques and developing a virtual biomechanical model of the human foot. Level of evidence: III.
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| 4. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The correlations between dimensions of the normal tendon and tendinopathy changed Achilles tendon in routine magnetic resonance imaging.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This comparative study aimed to investigate how tendinopathy-related lesions change correlations in the dimensions of the Achilles tendon. Our experimental group included 74 patients. The mean age was 52.9±10.4years. The control group included 81 patients with amean age was 35.2±13.6years, p<.001. The most significant difference in correlation wasthe thickness of the tendon and the midportion's width, which was more significant in the tendinopathy (r=.49 vs. r=.01, p<.001). The correlation was positivebetween width and length of the insertion butnegative in normal tendons (r=.21 vs. r=-.23, p<.001). The correlation wasbetween the midportions width in tendinopathy and the tendon's length butnegative in the normal tendon (r=.16 vs. r=-.23, p<.001). The average thickness of the midportion in tendinopathy was 11.2±3.3mm, and4.9±0.5mmin the control group, p<.001. The average width of the midportion and insertion was more extensive in the experimental group, 17.2±3.1mm vs. 14.7±1.8mm for the midportion and 31.0±3.9mm vs. 25.7±3.0mm for insertion, respectively, p<.001. The tendon's average length was longer in tendinopathy (83.5±19.3mm vs. 61.5±14.4mm, p<.001). The dimensions correlations in normal Achilles tendon and tendinopathic tendon differ significantly.
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| 5. |
- Ristl, Robin, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing maximum diameter and volume when assessing the growth of small abdominal aortic aneurysms using longitudinal CTA data : cohort study
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Surgery. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1743-9191 .- 1743-9159. ; 109:8, s. 2249-2257
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Monitoring of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is currently based on serial measurements of maximum aortic diameter. Additional assessment of aneurysm volume has previously been proposed to possibly improve growth prediction and treatment decisions. To evaluate the use of supplementing volume measurements, the authors aimed to characterise the growth distribution of AAA volume and to compare the growth rates of the maximum diameter and volume at the patient level.Methods: Maximum diameter and volume were monitored every 6 months in 84 patients with small AAAs, with a total of 331 computed tomographic angiographies (with initial maximum diameters of 30-68 mm). A previously developed statistical growth model for AAAs was applied to assess the growth distribution of volume and to compare individual growth rates for volume and for maximum diameter.Results: The median (25-75% quantile) expansion in volume was 13.4 (6.5-24.7) % per year. Cube root transformed volume and maximum diameter showed a closely linear association with a within-subject correlation of 0.77. At the surgery threshold maximum diameter of 55 mm, the median (25-75% quantile) volume was 132 (103-167) ml. In 39% of subjects, growth rates for volume and maximum diameter were equivalent, in 33% growth was faster in volume and in 27% growth was faster in maximum diameter.Conclusion: At the population level, volume and maximum diameter show a substantial association such that the average volume is approximately proportional to the average maximum diameter raised to a power of three. At the individual level, however, in the majority of patient's AAAs grow at different pace in different dimensions. Hence, closer monitoring of aneurysms with sub-critical diameter but suspicious morphology may benefit from complementing maximum diameter by volume or related measurements.
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| 6. |
- Einarsdóttir, Hildur, et al.
(författare)
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Novelty detection of foreign objects in food using multi-modal X-ray imaging
- 2016
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Ingår i: Food Control. - : Elsevier BV. - 0956-7135. ; 67, s. 39-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we demonstrate a method for novelty detection of foreign objects in food products using grating-based multimodal X-ray imaging. With this imaging technique three modalities are available with pixel correspondence, enhancing organic materials such as wood chips, insects and soft plastics not detectable by conventional X-ray absorption radiography. We conduct experiments, where several food products are imaged with common foreign objects typically found in the food processing industry. To evaluate the benefit from using this multi-contrast X-ray technique over conventional X-ray absorption imaging, a novelty detection scheme based on well known image- and statistical analysis techniques is proposed. The results show that the presented method gives superior recognition results and highlights the advantage of grating-based imaging.
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| 7. |
- Szaro, Pawel, 1981
(författare)
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Musculoskeletal Radiology for Residents Self-Assessment Questions
- 2022
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- About this book This book allows residents and specialists in radiology to assess knowledge about musculoskeletal radiology. Most of the book's questions, stemming from the author’s experience of teaching residents in radiology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg, Sweden, are very practical and often based on differential diagnosis, which is crucial in musculoskeletal radiology. Problem-based learning is useful in deep learning and allows a better understanding of pathological processes in the bones, joints, tendons, and muscles. The questions focus on clinical problems encountered during radiological examinations like MRI (the most fascinating and difficult one for residents), CT, ultrasound, or x-rays, and are intended to stimulate the daily evaluation of examinations. The book, enriched by videos as electronic supplementary material, is written for practitioners who evaluate examinations in musculoskeletal radiology. The information contained in the book is up-to-date and consistent with the results of the current scientific researches, which can be found under the answer to each question in the form of a concise summary. The current proposal will fill a gap in the radiological literature in comprehensive self-assessment of musculoskeletal radiology and can be used by residents and young specialists.
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| 8. |
- Szaro, Pavel, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The Flexor Retinaculum Connects the Surrounding Structures into the Medial Ankle Complex
- 2020
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Ingår i: Applied Sciences. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-3417. ; 10:22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aimed to prove the hypothesis that the medial structures of the ankle are interconnected through the flexor retinaculum’s projections. We conducted a retrospective re-evaluation of 132 MRI examinations of the ankle joint from 57 females and 75 males with an age range of 18–65 and a mean age of 35 years. The correlation between the presence of connections between the flexor retinaculum and the deltoid ligament, the spring ligament, the inferior extensor retinaculum, the paratenon, the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament, the fascia covering the abductor hallucis, and the flexor fibrous sheath were studied. The most common connections of the flexor retinaculum were to the deltoid ligament (97%), the fibulotalocalcaneal ligament (84.1%), and the flexor fibrous sheath (83.3%). Interconnection between the flexor retinaculum and the deltoid ligament correlated with the presence of connections between the flexor retinaculum and the inferior extensor retinaculum, the paratenon, and the spring ligament. Side difference was noticed in connections to the flexor fibrous sheath, the deltoid ligament, the fascia on the abductor hallucis, and the paratenon (p < 0.05). The flexor retinaculum formed a more complex anatomical unit with adjacent structures.
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| 9. |
- Brusini, Irene, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in brain architecture are consistent with altered fear processing in domestic rabbits
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 115:28, s. 7380-7385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The most characteristic feature of domestic animals is their change in behavior associated with selection for tameness. Here we show, using high-resolution brain magnetic resonance imaging in wild and domestic rabbits, that domestication reduced amygdala volume and enlarged medial prefrontal cortex volume, supporting that areas driving fear have lost volume while areas modulating negative affect have gained volume during domestication. In contrast to the localized gray matter alterations, white matter anisotropy was reduced in the corona radiata, corpus callosum, and the subcortical white matter. This suggests a compromised white matter structural integrity in projection and association fibers affecting both afferent and efferent neural flow, consistent with reduced neural processing. We propose that compared with their wild ancestors, domestic rabbits are less fearful and have an attenuated flight response because of these changes in brain architecture.
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| 10. |
- Rydén, Anneli, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiovascular side-effects and insulin secretion after intravenous administration of radiolabeled Exendin-4 in pigs
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nuclear Medicine and Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0969-8051 .- 1872-9614. ; 43:7, s. 397-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Radiolabeled Exendin-4, a synthetic glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, is used as a tracer for diagnostic purposes of beta-cells and in experimental animal research. Exendin-4 can be radiolabeled with Ga-68, I-111 n or (99)mTc and used for positron emission tomography (PET) and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging to diagnose insulinomas, visualization of pancreatic beta-cell mass and transplanted Islets of Langerhans. In humans, Exendin-4 is widely used as a therapeutic agent for treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). The compound, which is administered subcutaneously (SC) may cause nausea, vomiting and a minor increase in the heart rate (HR). However, possible side-effects on cardiovascular functions after intravenous (IV) administration have not been reported. This study describes the Exendin-4 dose at which cardiovascular side-effects occur in pigs and cynomolgus monkeys. The IV effect of the tracer on insulin secretion is also investigated in pigs. Methods: Seven clinically healthy littermate pigs (40 days old) were used; three of them were made diabetic by streptozotocin (STZ). All pigs underwent PET imaging under general anesthesia to examine the glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor (GLP-1R) in beta-cells with radiolabeled Exendin-4. A baseline tracer dose IV [Ga-68]Exendin-4 (0.025 +/- 0.010 mu g/kg) followed by a competition dose IV [Ga-68]Exendin-4 (3.98 +/- 133 mu g/kg) 60 min later were administered. Blood samples were taken and analyzed for insulin secretion by using ELISA. Cardiovascular and respiratory variables were monitored throughout the experiment. Results: Immediately after administration of the high dose [Ga-68]Exendin-4 the HR rose from 122 14 to 227 +/- 40 bpm (p < 0.01) and from 100 +/- 5 to 181 +/- 13 bpm (p < 0.01) in healthy non -diabetic and diabetes-induced pigs, respectively. The tachycardia was observed for >2 h and one healthy non-diabetic pig suffered cardiac arrest 3 h after the IV [Ga-68]Exendin-4. Arrhythmia was detected by listening to the heart with a stethoscope up to 4 days after the [Ga-68]Exendin-4 injection. In all animals, no effect on the cardiovascular system was registered after the low dose of IV [Ga-68]Exendin-4. Insulin secretion increased (p < 0.05) when IV [Ga-68]Exendin-4 was given in dosages >= 0.14 mu g/kg. Conclusions: Intravenous administration of mu g/kg [Ga-68]Exendin-4 resulted in severe tachycardia and arrhythmias in healthy non -diabetic and diabetes-induced pigs, and the insulin secretion was stimulated in healthy non diabetic animals when >= 0.14 mu g/kg [Ga-68]Exendin-4 was given.
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