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- Kaltsouni, Elisavet, et al.
(författare)
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Selective progesterone receptor modulation and brain activity at rest in patients with premenstrual dysphoric disorder
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Ovarian hormones have been indicated to impact brain connectivity and mood. However, there is no consistent evidence on hormone-dependent functional connectivity and mental health. Alterations in resting state networks have been suggested as markers of affective disorders, but only preliminary evidence is provided on premenstrual dysphoric disorder, in which symptoms occur upon fluctuations of ovarian hormones. Recently, three-month low-dose selective progesterone receptor modulator (SPRM) administration has been associated with symptom relief and altered task-based brain reactivity during a reactive aggression condition. The present study sought to investigate the effect of this treatment on resting state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in patients with PMDD. Seed-based analyses were conducted, including including seeds from the classic resting state networks along with the functional cluster affected by SPRM treatment. Within previously identified networks related with emotional processing, rs-FC was compared between individuals with PMDD during the symptomatic luteal phase before randomization to treatment or placebo and during the end of the last treatment cycle. Seed-based rs-FC analyses yielded significant treatment by time effects on rs-FC between the left posterior superior temporal gyrus and the right insula cortex, between the posterior cerebellum and the left temporal pole, and between the right lateral visual network and left superior frontal gyrus. Visuo-frontal luteal phase connectivity decreased for the SPRM group and was positively correlated with changes in mood symptom severity in the placebo group. Cerebellar and temporal connectivity increased for the SPRM treatment group, while temporo-insular connectivity decreased and was positively correlated with cortisol levels. These findings indicate that SPRM treatment influenced rs-FC, which could be a relevant mechanism behind symptom alleviation.
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- Pettersson, Olof, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Tumor Growth Rate in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor patients undergoing systemic therapies
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Therapy monitoring in Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor (PanNET) patients undergoing systemic therapies is difficult as reliable clinical, radiological and biochemical markers have been difficult to establish. Ki-67 index is considered a reliable marker of tumor burden. Tumor growth rate (TGR) allows for quantitative assessment of the tumor kinetics expressed %/Months. We investigated TGR in PanNET patients with increased versus stable Ki-67, between at least two tissue specimens. Methods: Patients were screened for inclusion from a previously described cohort of PanNET patients (n=46) treated between 1980 and 2016 at Uppsala University Hospital, with sporadic disease and Ki-67 acquired at least twice during the disease course. Inclusion criteria were at least two contrast-enhanced computer tomographies (CECT) of adequate quality during the course of the treatment and at least one lesion discernible by CECT. Mann-Whitney U test was carried out to test for differences between the groups. Results: In twenty-one patients, there was a grade increase and a mean TGR of 0.56 %/Months (SD 30.70; range -277.04, 317.35).In fourteen patients, there was no grade increase and a mean TGR of -0.26 %/Months (SD 14.14; range -76.01, 88.96). There was no significant difference in TGR between the patients that increased in grade versus the patients that did not increase in grade between the biopsies (p=0.29, 95% CI -1.79, 0.52, n=35). Conclusion: TGR was numerically but not significantly higher in patients that increased compared to patients that did not increase in grade between the biopsies.
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- Espregueira Themudo, Raquel, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Clinically unrecognized myocardial scars detected by MR are not associated with coronary artery disease
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: We have previously discovered an unexpected high prevalence of unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI) scars by delayed-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI) in the general elderly population. We now investigated if those UMIs were associated with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: Eighty-eight subjects from the PIVUS study (age 75-years) who had been investigated with DE-MRI (45 with UMI and 43 without DE-MRI-detected scars) underwent coronary computed tomography angiography (CTA) to assess Agatston calcium score and coronary artery stenosis. Of those, 65 also performed an exercise ECG test. Results: No differences were found between the subjects with UMI and the group without DE-MRI-detected scars regarding the number of coronary artery segments with significant stenosis, Agatston calcium score, or degree of ST-depression at the exercise test. Conclusion: DE-MRI-detected UMI scars do not have an increased prevalence of coronary artery stenosis or signs of myocardial ischemia at exercise test when compared to a control group. These findings indicate that UMI scars in general are not related to CAD.
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- Wang, Jianfeng, et al.
(författare)
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Contrast Agent Quantification by Using Spatial Information in Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to investigate a method, using simulations, to improve contrast agent quantification in Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI. Bayesian hierarchical models (BHMs) are applied to smaller images (10×10×10) such that spatial information can be incorporated. Then exploratory analysis is done for larger images (64×64×64) by using maximum a posteriori (MAP).For smaller images: the estimators of proposed BHMs show improvements in terms of the root mean squared error compared to the estimators in existing method for a noise level equivalent of a 12-channel head coil at 3T. Moreover, Leroux model outperforms Besag models. For larger images: MAP estimators also show improvements by assigning Leroux prior.
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