| 1. |
- Andersson, Sören, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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CHIMERIC MOMP ANTIGEN
- 2015
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 2. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and responsiveness of at-home touch-screen assessments in advanced Parkinson's disease
- 2015
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Ingår i: IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2168-2194 .- 2168-2208. ; 19:6, s. 1829-1834
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate if a telemetry test battery can be used to measure effects of Parkinson’s disease (PD) treatment intervention and disease progression in patients with fluctuations. Sixty-five patients diagnosed with advanced PD were recruited in an open longitudinal 36-month study; 35 treated with levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) and 30 were candidates for switching from oral PD treatment to LCIG. They utilized a test battery, consisting of self-assessments of symptoms and fine motor tests (tapping and spiral drawings), four times per day in their homes during week-long test periods. The repeated measurements were summarized into an overall test score (OTS) to represent the global condition of the patient during a test period. Clinical assessments included ratings on Unified PD Rating Scale (UPDRS) and 39-item PD Questionnaire (PDQ-39) scales. In LCIG-naïve patients, mean OTS compared to baseline was significantly improved from the first test period on LCIG treatment until month 24. In LCIG-non-naïve patients, there were no significant changes in mean OTS until month 36. The OTS correlated adequately with total UPDRS (rho = 0.59) and total PDQ-39 (0.59). Responsiveness measured as effect size was 0.696 and 0.536 for OTS and UPDRS respectively. The trends of the test scores were similar to the trends of clinical rating scores but dropout rate was high. Correlations between OTS and clinical rating scales were adequate indicating that the test battery contains important elements of the information of well-established scales. The responsiveness and reproducibility were better for OTS than for total UPDRS.
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Sören, 1957-, et al.
(författare)
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Chimeric MOMP antigen
- 2014
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The present invention regards polypeptides capable of eliciting an immunological response that is protective against Chlamydia trachomatis. The polypeptide comprises a first amino acid sequence which has at least 90% homology with the amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 1 and a second amino acid sequence which has at least 90% homology with the amino acid sequence according to SEQ ID NO: 2. Furthermore, production of these polypeptides and pharmaceutical compositions comprising them are also provided.
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| 4. |
- Yewale, Priti Prabhakar, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular profiling of multidrug-resistant river water isolates : insights into resistance mechanism and potential inhibitors
- 2020
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Pollution Research. - : Springer. - 0944-1344 .- 1614-7499. ; 27:22, s. 27279-27292
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polluted waters are an important reservoir for antibiotic resistance genes and multidrug-resistant bacteria. This report describes the microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes, and the genetic profile of extended spectrum β-lactamase strains isolated from rivers at, Pune, India. ESBL-producing bacteria isolated from diverse river water catchments running through Pune City were characterized for their antibiotic resistance. The microbial community and types of genes which confer antibiotic resistance were identified followed by the isolation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria on selective media and their genome analysis. Four representative isolates were sequenced using next generation sequencing for genomic analysis. They were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, and two isolates were Enterobacter cloacae. The genes associated with the multidrug efflux pumps, such as tolC, macA, macB, adeL, and rosB, were detected in the isolates. As MacAB-TolC is an ABC type efflux pump responsible for conferring resistance in bacteria to several antibiotics, potential efflux pump inhibitors were identified by molecular docking. The homology model of their MacB protein with that from Escherichia coli K12 demonstrated structural changes in different motifs of MacB. Molecular docking of reported efflux pump inhibitors revealed the highest binding affinity of compound MC207-110 against MacB. It also details the potential efflux pump inhibitors that can serve as possible drug targets in drug development and discovery.
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| 5. |
- Svärd, Anna, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Elastin levels are higher in healing tendons than in intact tendons and influence tissue compliance
- 2020
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Ingår i: The FASEB Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 34:10, s. 13409-13418
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Elastic fibers containing elastin play an important role in tendon functionality, but the knowledge on presence and function of elastin during tendon healing is limited. The aim of this study was to investigate elastin content and distribution in intact and healing Achilles tendons and to understand how elastin influence the viscoelastic properties of tendons. The right Achilles tendon was completely transected in 81 Sprague-Dawley rats. Elastin content was quantified in intact and healing tendons (7, 14, and 28 days post-surgery) and elastin distribution was visualized by immunohistochemistry at 14 days post-surgery. Degradation of elastin by elastase incubation was used to study the role of elastin on viscoelastic properties. Mechanical testing was either performed as a cyclic test (20x 10 N) or as a creep test. We found significantly higher levels of elastin in healing tendons at all time-points compared to intact tendons (4% in healing tendons 28 days post-surgery vs 2% in intact tendons). The elastin was more widely distributed throughout the extracellular matrix in the healing tendons in contrast to the intact tendon where the distribution was not so pronounced. Elastase incubation reduced the elastin levels by approximately 30% and led to a 40%-50% reduction in creep. This reduction was seen in both intact and healing tendons. Our results show that healing tendons contain more elastin and is more compliable than intact tendons. The role of elastin in tendon healing and tissue compliance indicates a protective role of elastic fibers to prevent re-injuries during early tendon healing. Plain Language Summary Tendons transfer high loads from muscles to bones during locomotion. They are primarily made by the protein collagen, a protein that provide strength to the tissues. Besides collagen, tendons also contain other building blocks such as, for example, elastic fibers. Elastic fibers contain elastin and elastin is important for the extensibility of the tendon. When a tendon is injured and ruptured the tissue heals through scar formation. This scar tissue is different from a normal intact tendon and it is important to understand how the tendons heal. Little is known about the presence and function of elastin during healing of tendon injuries. We have shown, in animal experiments, that healing tendons have higher amounts of elastin compared to intact tendons. The elastin is also spread throughout the tissue. When we reduced the levels of this protein, we discovered altered mechanical properties of the tendon. The healing tendon can normally extend quite a lot, but after elastin removal this extensibility was less obvious. The ability of the healing tissue to extend is probably important to protect the tendon from re-injuries during the first months after rupture. We therefore propose that the tendons heal with a large amount of elastin to prevent re-ruptures during early locomotion.
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| 6. |
- Memedi, Mevludin, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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A web application for follow-up of results from a mobile device test battery for Parkinson’s disease patients
- 2011
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Ingår i: Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine. - Amsterdam : Elsevier BV. - 0169-2607 .- 1872-7565. ; 104:2, s. 219-226
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A test battery consisting of self-assessments and motor tests for patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) was constructed and implemented on a hand computer with touch screen in a telemedicine setting. In this work, a Web-based system was developed to deliver decision support information to treating clinical staff for assessing PD symptoms in their patients. Test results from the hand unit are transferred to a central server and processed into scores for different symptom dimensions and an “overall test score” reflecting the overall condition of the patient during a test period. The IBM Computer System Usability Questionnaire was administered to assess the users’ satisfaction with the system. Results showed that a majority of users who completed the evaluation were quite satisfied with the usability although a sizeable minority were not. Response times were tested by simulating up to 100 users accessing the web application at the same time. The average page completion times were in the range of 0.5 seconds indicating fast response. The system was able to summarize the test-battery data and present them in a useful manner. Its main contribution is a novel way to easily access symptom information from the home environment of patients.
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| 7. |
- Ulfenborg, Benjamin, 1985-
(författare)
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Bioinformatics tools for discovery and evaluation of biomarkers : Applications in clinical assessment of cancer
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Cancer is a disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of cells in the body and ranks as the second leading cause of death worldwide. In order to improve cancer patient care, a major focus of cancer research is to discover biomarkers. A biomarker is a biological molecule found in tissues or body fluids and can be used to predict or assess disease states. The aim of this thesis is to develop bioinformatics tools for discovery and evaluation of novel biomarkers from high-throughput datasets.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that function as negative regulators of gene expression. Dysregulation of miRNAs in cancer is frequently reported, making them interesting as biomarker candidates. GenoScan was developed for genome-wide discovery of miRNA-coding genes, as a first step in the identification of novel mi-RNA biomarkers.High-throughput technologies such as microarrays allow researchers to measure the expression of thousands of genes or miRNAs simultaneously. The Decision Trunk Classifier (DTC) algorithm has been developed to screen datasets from these experiments for biomarker candidates. When applied to a miRNA expression dataset for endometrial cancer (EC) samples vs. controls, a two-marker model with 98 % accuracy was generated. These miRNAs (hsa-miR-183-5p and hsa-miRPlus-C1070) are promising as biomarkers for EC screening.The miREC database was developed to store gene and miRNA data from curated expression profiling studies of EC, as well as gene-miRNA regulatory connections. Using gene-miRNA interaction networks from miREC, the roles of miRNAs in cancer hallmark acquisition can be clarified. To further support exploratory analysis of expression data, DTC was extended with partial least squares regression models. The resulting PLS-DTC algorithm can be used to gain deeper insights into the perturbation of biological processes and pathways.
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| 8. |
- Westin, Jerker, et al.
(författare)
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A new computer method for assessing drawing impairment in Parkinson's disease
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Methods. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 0165-0270 .- 1872-678X. ; 190:1, s. 143-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A test battery, consisting of self-assessments and motor tests (tapping and spiral drawing tasks) was used on 9482 test occasions by 62 patients with advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) in a telemedicine setting. On each test occasion, three Archimedes spirals were traced. A new computer method, using wavelet transforms and principal component analysis processed the spiral drawings to generate a spiral score. In a web interface, two PD specialists rated drawing impairment in spiral drawings from three random test occasions per patient, using a modification of the Bain & Findley 10-category scale. A standardised manual rating was defined as the mean of the two raters’ assessments. Bland-Altman analysis was used to evaluate agreement between the spiral score and the standardised manual rating. Another selection of spiral drawings was used to estimate the Spearman rank correlations between the raters (r = 0.87), and between the mean rating and the spiral score (r = 0.89). The 95% confidence interval for the method's prediction errors was ±1.5 scale units, which was similar to the differences between the human raters. In conclusion, the method could assess PD-related drawing impairments well comparable to trained raters.
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| 9. |
- Hansson, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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Feeding transgenic plants that express a tolerogenic fusion protein effectively protects against arthritis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Plant Biotechnology Journal. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1467-7644 .- 1467-7652. ; 14:4, s. 1106-1115
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although much explored, oral tolerance for treatment of autoimmune diseases still awaits the establishment of novel and effective vectors. We investigated if the tolerogenic CTA1(R7K)-COL-DD fusion protein can be expressed in edible plants and in this way induce oral tolerance and protect against arthritis. The fusion protein was recombinantly expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana plants, which were fed to H-2q restricted DBA/1 mice to assess the preventive effect on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). The treatment resulted in fewer mice exhibiting disease and arthritis scores were significantly reduced. Immune suppression was evident in treated mice and serum biomarkers for inflammation as well as anti-collagen IgG responses were reduced. In spleen draining and lymph nodes, CD4+ T cell responses were reduced. Concomitant with a reduced effector T cell activity with lower IFNg, IL-13 and IL-17A production we observed an increase in IL-10 production to recall antigen stimulation in vitro, suggesting reduced Th1, Th2 and Th17 activity subsequent to upregulated IL-10 and regulatory T cell (Treg) functions. The present study shows that edible plants expressing a tolerogen were effective at stimulating CD4 T cell tolerance and in protecting against CIA disease. Our study conveys optimism as to the potential of using edible plants for oral treatment of rheumatoid arthritis.
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| 10. |
- Ulfenborg, Benjamin, et al.
(författare)
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Classification of tumor samples from expression data using decision trunks
- 2013
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Ingår i: Cancer Informatics. - : Sage Publications. - 1176-9351. ; 12, s. 53-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel machine learning approach for the classification of cancer samples using expression data. We refer to the method as "decision trunks," since it is loosely based on decision trees, but contains several modifications designed to achieve an algorithm that: (1) produces smaller and more easily interpretable classifiers than decision trees; (2) is more robust in varying application scenarios; and (3) achieves higher classification accuracy. The decision trunk algorithm has been implemented and tested on 26 classification tasks, covering a wide range of cancer forms, experimental methods, and classification scenarios. This comprehensive evaluation indicates that the proposed algorithm performs at least as well as the current state of the art algorithms in terms of accuracy, while producing classifiers that include on average only 2-3 markers. We suggest that the resulting decision trunks have clear advantages over other classifiers due to their transparency, interpretability, and their correspondence with human decision-making and clinical testing practices. © the author(s), publisher and licensee Libertas Academica Ltd.
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