| 1. |
- Backman, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Increased prevalence of allergic asthma from 1996 to 2006 and further to 2016 : results from three population surveys
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical and Experimental Allergy. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0954-7894 .- 1365-2222. ; 47:11, s. 1426-1435
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundDuring the latter half of the 20th century, the prevalence of asthma and many other allergic diseases has increased. Information on asthma prevalence trends among adults after 2010, especially regarding studies separating allergic asthma from non-allergic asthma, is lacking.ObjectiveThe aim was to estimate prevalence trends of current asthma among adults, both allergic and non-allergic, from 1996 to 2016.MethodsThree cross-sectional samples from the same area of Sweden, 20-69 years, participated in surveys with the same questionnaire in 1996 (n=7104 participants, 85% response rate), 2006 (n=6165, 77%) and 2016 (n=5466, 53%), respectively. Allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (ARC) was used as a marker for allergic sensitization to define allergic asthma.ResultsThe prevalence of current asthma increased from 8.4% (95% CI: 7.8-9.0) in 1996 to 9.9% (95% CI: 9.2-10.6) in 2006 and 10.9% (95% CI: 10.1-11.7) in 2016 (P<.001). Allergic asthma increased from 5.0% (95% CI: 4.5-5.5) in 1996 to 6.0% (95% CI: 5.4-6.6) in 2006 and further to 7.3% (95% CI: 6.6-8.0) in 2016 (P<.001), while the prevalence of non-allergic asthma remained stable around 3.4%-3.8%. The increase in current asthma was most pronounced among women and among the middle-aged. Physician-diagnosed asthma, asthma medication use and ARC also increased significantly, while the prevalence of symptoms common in asthma such as wheeze and attacks of shortness of breath decreased slightly or was stable. The prevalence of current smoking decreased from 27.4% in 1996 to 12.3% in 2016.Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceThe prevalence of allergic asthma increased from 1996 to 2006 and further to 2016, while the prevalence of non-allergic asthma remained on a stable prevalence level. The prevalence of symptoms common in asthma decreased slightly or was stable despite a substantial decrease in the prevalence of current smoking. Clinicians should be aware that the previously observed increase in prevalence of allergic asthma is still ongoing.
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| 2. |
- Pauelsen, Mascha, et al.
(författare)
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Concussion in ice hockey : A Cohort Study Across 29 Seasons
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Journal of Sports Medicine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1050-642X .- 1536-3724. ; 27:3, s. 283-287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this study was to analyse the concussion incidence rate ratios (IRR) across 29 seasons in a Swedish Hockey League team.Design: Cohort study over 29 seasons within one Swedish elite series ice hockey team. Participants: All players who were part of one Swedish elite ice hockey team during the research period gave consent for participation in the study.Independent Variables: Exposure to top level Swedish ice hockey. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence rate ratio for concussion as well as rehabilitation periods due to concussion were calculated and analysed.Results: During the research period, 267 players in total were part of the team. A total of 1638 traumatic injuries were registered of which 162 were concussions. Incidence rates ranged from 0/1,000 games during the first season to 118/1,000 games for the final recorded season. The incidence rate ratio was 1.06 (CI = 1.03-1.10) for the entire research period. A shift towards longer rehabilitation periods was discovered.Conclusions: This study showed a significant increase of concussion incidence rate and a trend towards longer rehabilitation periods due to concussion. Possible risk factors were discussed. Risk behaviour and rehabilitation protocols should be prioritized areas in the research of concussion in ice hockey.
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| 3. |
- Kassberg, Ann-Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Ability to manage everyday technology after acquired brain injury
- 2013
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Ingår i: Brain Injury. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0269-9052 .- 1362-301X. ; 27:13-14, s. 1583-1588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate and describe how persons with an acquired brain injury (ABI) manage everyday technology (ET) in their daily activities and to explore whether the ability to manage ET was related to the severity of the disability. Method: Eighty-one persons with ABI were observed while managing ET by using the Management of Everyday Technology Assessment (META). The Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOSE) was used to assess the severity of disability after the ABI. A computer application of a Rasch measurement model was used to generate measures of the participants’ ability to manage ET and the measures were compared groupwise with analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). Results: The degree of severity of disability had a significant main effect on the ability to manage ET. The groups with severe and moderate disability exhibited a significantly lower ability to manage ET compared to the group with good recovery. Conclusion: The result indicates that the ability to manage ET in daily activities can be related to the global severity of disability after ABI. This demonstrates the importance of considering the ability to manage ET to support the performance of activities at home, at work and in society in persons with ABI.
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| 4. |
- Selberg, Stina, et al.
(författare)
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Asthma control and acute health care visits among young adults with asthma : A population‐based study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Advanced Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0309-2402 .- 1365-2648. ; 75:12, s. 3525-3534
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AimsTo study asthma control and acute health care visits among young adults with asthma.BackgroundDespite the access to effective treatment and nursing interventions, poor asthma control is still common among individuals with asthma. However, studies describing clinical characteristics among young adults with asthma are rare.DesignA population‐based cohort study.MethodsIn 2015, as a part of the OLIN pediatric cohort I (recruited in 1996 at age 7‐8yr), N=2291 young adults (27‐28 yr) completed a postal questionnaire survey including questions on asthma and respiratory symptoms. Of these, N=280 (12%) were identified as having current asthma and were further studied.ResultsOf those with current asthma, women reported respiratory symptoms and smoking to a greater extent than men. Approximately one‐fourth had uncontrolled asthma and acute health care visits due to asthma was reported by 15% of women and 8% of men. Uncontrolled asthma was associated with smoking, lower educational level, use of reliever treatment most days and acute health care visits. Acute health care visits due to asthma were associated with periodic use of regular controller treatment also after adjustment for uncontrolled asthma.ConclusionThe result indicate poor adherence to asthma treatment which may lead to decreased asthma control and acute health care visits.ImpactMost young adults with asthma are diagnosed and treated in primary care, ideally in a team with a nurse. The main findings highlight the need for evidenced‐based nursing interventions, contributing to a more efficient asthma management in primary care.
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| 5. |
- Ekblom Bak, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Accelerometer derived physical activity patterns in 27.890 middle‐aged adults : The SCAPIS cohort study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0905-7188 .- 1600-0838. ; 32:5, s. 866-880
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study aims to describe accelerometer-assessed physical activity (PA) patterns and fulfillment of PA recommendations in a large sample of middle-aged men and women, and to study differences between subgroups of socio-demographic, socio-economic, and lifestyle-related variables. A total of 27 890 (92.5% of total participants, 52% women, aged 50–64 years) middle-aged men and women with at least four days of valid hip-worn accelerometer data (Actigraph GT3X+, wGT3X+ and wGT3X-BT) from the Swedish CArdioPulmonary bioImage Study, SCAPIS, were included. In total, 54.5% of daily wear time was spent sedentary, 39.1% in low, 5.4% in moderate, and only 0.1% in vigorous PA. Male sex, higher education, low financial strain, born in Sweden, and sedentary/light working situation were related to higher sedentary time, but also higher levels of vigorous PA. High BMI and having multiple chronic diseases associated strongly with higher sedentary time and less time in all three PA intensities. All-year physically active commuters had an overall more active PA pattern. The proportion fulfilling current PA recommendations varied substantially (1.4% to 92.2%) depending on data handling procedures and definition used. Twenty-eight percent was defined as having an “at-risk” behavior, which included both high sedentary time and low vigorous PA. In this large population-based sample, a majority of time was spent sedentary and only a fraction in vigorous PA, with clinically important variations between subgroups. This study provides important reference material and emphasizes the importance of a comprehensive assessment of all aspects of the individual PA pattern in future research and clinical practice.
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| 6. |
- Öhlen, Joakim, 1958-, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptual development of "at-homeness'' despite illness and disease : A review
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-being. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1748-2623 .- 1748-2631. ; 9
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Only one empirical study, the one by Zingmark, Norberg and Sandman published in 1995, explicitly focuses on at-homeness, the feeling of being metaphorically at-home, as a particular aspect of wellness. However, other studies reveal aspects of at-homeness, but if or how such aspects of at-homeness are related to each other is unclear. For this reason, the aim was to review Scandinavian nursing research related to at-homeness in the context of wellness-illness in severe and long-term conditions in order to take a step towards conceptual clarification of "at-homeness.'' The review included interpretive studies related to severe and long-term illness conducted in Sweden: 10 original articles and 5 doctoral theses. "At-homeness'' was found to be a contextually related meaning of wellness despite illness and disease embedded in the continuum of being metaphorically at-home and metaphorically homeless. This was characterized by three interrelated aspects and four processes: being safe through expanding-limiting experiences of illness and time, being connected through reunifying-detaching ways of relating, and being centred through recognition-non-recognition of oneself in the experience and others giving-withdrawing a place for oneself. This conceptualization is to be regarded as a step in conceptual clarification. Further empirical investigation and theoretical development of "at-homeness'' are needed. The conceptualization will be a step of plausible significance for the evaluation of interventions aimed at enhancing wellness for people with severe long-term illness, such as the frail elderly, and people with chronic illness or palliative care needs.
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| 7. |
- Strömbäck, Ulrica, et al.
(författare)
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The second myocardial infarction: Higher risk factor burden and earlier second myocardial infarction in women compared with men. The Northern Sweden MONICA study
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Sage Publications. - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 16:5, s. 418-424
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several studies have examined various parameters and experiences when patients suffer their first myocardial infarction (MI), but knowledge about when they suffer their second MI is limited.AIM: To compare risk factors for MI, that is, diabetes, hypertension and smoking, for the first and second MI events in men and women affected by two MIs and to analyse the time intervals between the first and second MIs.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of 1017 patients aged 25-74 years with first and second MIs from 1990 through 2009 registered in the Northern Sweden MONICA registry.RESULTS: More women than men have diabetes and hypertension and are smokers at the first MI. Similar differences between the genders remain at the time of the second MI for diabetes and hypertension, although both risk factors have increased. Smoking decreased at the second MI without any remaining difference between genders. Women suffer their second MI within a shorter time interval than men do. Within 16 months of their first MI, 50% of women had a second MI. The corresponding time interval for men was 33 months.CONCLUSION: Patients affected by an MI should be made aware of their risk of recurrent MI and that the risk of recurrence is highest during the first few years after an MI. In patients affected by two MIs, women have a higher risk factor burden and suffer their second MI earlier than men do and thus may need more aggressive and more prompt secondary prevention.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Röijezon, Ulrik, et al.
(författare)
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An Initial Study on the Coordination of Rod and Line Hauling Movements in Distance Fly Casting
- 2017
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Ingår i: Annals of Applied Sport Science. - : Asian Exercise and Sport Science Association. - 2476-4981 .- 2322-4479. ; 5:2, s. 61-72
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. The double haul is a unique feature of single-handed fly casting and is used in both fly fishing and fly casting competition. The movement behaviour during the double haul has not been investigated in previous research.Objectives. Describe the coordination of the rod and line hauling movements during distance fly casting.Methods. Elite fly casters performed distance casting with four different fly rod and fly line set-ups used in fly fishing and fly casting competition. Rod and hauling movements were measured with a 3D motion analysis system.Results. The rod and line hauling movements were coordinated in an order whereby peak translational speed of the rod occurs prior to the peak speed of the angular rotation of the rod, and the peak speed of the angular rotation of the rod occurs prior to the peak speed of the line haul. This was consistent for all cast sequences, i.e., the back and forward false casts and the delivery cast, and for all four equipment set-ups, i.e., a shooting-head line cast with a relatively stiff fly rod and a long-belly line cast with three different fly rods with different stiffness and action curves. Results also showed differences in movement coordination between cast sequences and rod and line set-ups.Conclusion. Among elite casters, single-handed fly casting with double haul is coordinated in an order of events whereby the peak speed occurs first for the translation of the rod, then for the rotation of the rod and finally for the line haul.
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| 10. |
- Stattin, Eva-Lena, et al.
(författare)
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A missense mutation in the aggrecan C-type lectin domain disrupts extracellular matrix interactions and causes dominant familial osteochondritis dissecans
- 2010
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 86:2, s. 126-137
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Osteochondritis dissecans is a disorder in which fragments of articular cartilage and subchondral bone dislodge from the joint surface. We analyzed a five-generation family in which affected members had autosomal-dominant familial osteochondritis dissecans. A genome-wide linkage analysis identified aggrecan (ACAN) as a prime candidate gene for the disorder. Sequence analysis of ACAN revealed heterozygosity for a missense mutation (c.6907G > A) in affected individuals, resulting in a p.V2303M amino acid substitution in the aggrecan G3 domain C-type lectin, which mediates interactions with other proteins in the cartilage extracellular matrix. Binding studies with recombinant mutated and wild-type G3 proteins showed loss of fibulin-1, fibulin-2, and tenascin-R interactions for the V2303M protein. Mass spectrometric analyses of aggrecan purified from patient cartilage verified that V2303M aggrecan is produced and present in the tissue. Our results provide a molecular mechanism for the etiology of familial osteochondritis dissecans and show the importance of the aggrecan C-type lectin interactions for cartilage function in vivo.
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