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Sökning: AMNE:(MEDICIN OCH HÄLSOVETENSKAP Klinisk medicin Geriatrik) > Malmö universitet

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1.
  • Hedman, Annicka, et al. (författare)
  • Challenge levels of everyday technologies as perceived over five years by older adults with mild cognitive impairment
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: International psychogeriatrics. - : Cambridge University Press. - 1041-6102 .- 1741-203X. ; 30:10, s. 1447-1454
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: In clinical practice, efficient and valid functional markers are needed to detect subtle cognitive and functional decline in mild cognitive impairment (MCI). This prospective study explored whether changes in perceived challenge of certain everyday technologies (ETs) can be used to detect signs of functional change in MCI.Methods: Baseline and five-year data from 37 older adults (mean age 67.5 years) with MCI regarding their perceived ability to use ET were used to generate Rasch-based ET item measures reflecting the relative challenge of 46 ETs. Actual differential item functioning in relation to time was analyzed based on these item measures. Data collection took place in 2008-2014.Results: Seven (15%) of the ETs included were perceived to be significantly more challenging to use at year five compared to at baseline, while 39 ETs (85%) were perceived to be equally challenging to use, despite the fact that the participants' perceived ability to use ET had decreased. Common characteristics among the ETs that became more challenging to use could not be identified. The dropout rate was 43%, which limits the power of the study.Conclusions: Changes in the perceived challenge of ETs seem to capture functional change in persons with cognitive decline. Both easier and more challenging ETs typically used at home and in society need to be addressed to capture this functional change because significant changes occurred among ETs of all challenge levels and within all types of ETs.
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2.
  • Stenzelius, Karin, et al. (författare)
  • The effect of conservative treatment of urinary incontinence among older and frail older people : a systematic review
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Age and Ageing. - Oxford, United Kingdom : Oxford University Press. - 0002-0729 .- 1468-2834. ; 44:5, s. 736-744
  • Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: urinary incontinence (UI) is a common symptom among older people, with a higher prevalence among frail older persons living in nursing homes. Despite consequences such as reduced health and quality of life, many older people do not seek help for their symptoms, resulting in missed opportunity for treatment. Objective: the aim of this study was to investigate the evidence and the effect of conservative treatment of UI and the quality of life among older and frail older persons. Methods: a systematic review of randomised controlled studies and prospective, non-randomised studies was conducted, evaluating interventions of conservative treatment of UI in an older population (65 years or older). A total of 23 studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 9 were of high or moderate quality. Fourteen studies were of low quality and were therefore excluded from the analysis. Results: documented and effective conservative treatments are available even for older persons with UI. Pelvic muscle exercise, physical training in combination with ADL, prompted voiding and attention training, and help to toilet are important treatments. In some studies, however, the evidence of effectiveness is limited. Conclusions: this systematic review concludes that there are conservative treatments for UI for older and frail older persons that reduce leakage and increase quality of life. There is however a need for further high-quality studies.
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3.
  • Lindmark, Ulrika, 1965-, et al. (författare)
  • Oral health matters for the nutritional status of older persons : A population-based study
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Nursing. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0962-1067 .- 1365-2702. ; 27:5-6, s. 1143-1152
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To explore the association between oral health and nutritional status in the context of daily care for older people.BACKGROUND: Oral problems often increase with age and affect a person's ability to chew and swallow. They might also influence the ability to maintain a satisfactory nutritional status. Oral health awareness is therefore of great importance in nursing care for older people.DESIGN: A retrospective cross-sectional study.METHODS: Data from the Swedish quality register, Senior Alert, were used, including structured assessments of both oral and nutritional status using the Revised Oral Assessment Guide-Jönköping and the Mini Nutritional Assessment. In total, 1,156 persons (mean age: 82.8 ± 7.9) had both oral and nutritional assessments registered by the nursing staff in daily care.RESULTS: Approximately 29% of participants had moderate oral health problems. Another 12% had severe problems. Over 60% of the persons were considered at risk of malnutrition or were malnourished. There was a weak correlation between poor nutritional status and poor oral health, and approximately one-third of the persons who were at risk or malnourished had simultaneous oral problems. A multivariate logistic regression revealed that when problems involving voice and swallowing were present, there was also a greater possibility of being assessed as at risk of malnourishment or being malnourished.CONCLUSION: There is a relationship between oral health problems and nutritional status, indicating the importance of evaluating oral health status in older persons with nutritional problems.RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Nursing staff involved in care for older people should be aware of the importance of including regular oral health check-ups in their work. There is also a need for nursing staff members and oral health professionals to exchange knowledge.
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4.
  • Manchaiah, Vinaya, et al. (författare)
  • Social representation of hearing aids : cross-cultural study in India, Iran, Portugal, and the United Kingdom
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - : Dove Medical Press. - 1176-9092 .- 1178-1998. ; 10, s. 1601-1615
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: The current study was aimed at understanding the social representation of hearing aids in India, Iran, Portugal, and the United Kingdom. We also compared these results to explore the cross-cultural differences and similarities among these countries.Methods: The study involved a cross-sectional design, and the data were collected from four different countries using the snowball sampling method. Data were analyzed using a content analysis to identify the most-similar categories of responses reported, a co-occurrences analysis to see which of these categories are reported commonly, and a chi-square analysis to study if there was any association between positive, neutral, and negative connotations among participants in different countries.Results: The current study revealed four different social representations of hearing aids from India, Iran, Portugal, and the United Kingdom, and also a global index.Conclusion: The study results provide very useful insights into how hearing aids are represented in the society. These findings may have important implications for public education and also for manufacturers from the viewpoint of designing and marketing hearing aids in different countries.
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5.
  • Manchaiah, Vinaya, et al. (författare)
  • Social representation of "hearing loss" : cross-cultural exploratory study in India, Iran, Portugal, and the UK
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Clinical Interventions in Aging. - : Dove Medical Press. - 1176-9092 .- 1178-1998. ; 10, s. 1857-1872
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Hearing loss is one of the most common chronic conditions in older adults. In audiology literature, several studies have examined the attitudes and behavior of people with hearing loss; however, not much is known about the manner in which society in general views and perceives hearing loss. This exploratory study was aimed at understanding the social representation of hearing loss (among the general public) in the countries of India, Iran, Portugal, and the UK. We also compared these social representations.Materials and methods: The study involved a cross-sectional design, and participants were recruited using the snowball sampling method. A total of 404 people from four countries participated in the study. Data were collected using a free-association task where participants were asked to produce up to five words or phrases that came to mind while thinking about hearing loss. In addition, they were also asked to indicate if each word they presented had positive, neutral, or negative associations in their view. Data were analyzed using various qualitative and quantitative methods.Results: The most frequently occurring categories were: assessment and management; causes of hearing loss; communication difficulties; disability; hearing ability or disability; hearing instruments; negative mental state; the attitudes of others; and sound and acoustics of the environment. Some categories were reported with similar frequency in most countries (eg, causes of hearing loss, communication difficulties, and negative mental state), whereas others differed among countries. Participants in India reported significantly more positive and fewer negative associations when compared to participants from Iran, Portugal, and the UK. However, there was no statistical difference among neutral responses reported among these countries. Also, more differences were noted among these countries than similarities.Conclusion: These findings provide useful insights into the public perception of hearing loss that may prove useful in public education and counseling.
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6.
  • Ekbäck, Gunnar, 1954-, et al. (författare)
  • Self-perceived taste disturbance : a 20-year prospective study of a Swedish 1942 birth cohort
  • 2017
  • Ingår i: Gerodontology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0734-0664 .- 1741-2358. ; 34:2, s. 180-186
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of dental care factors, general health factors and socio-economic factors on perceived taste disturbance (PTD) over time and to assess the stability of or change in PTD in a panel of individuals as they progressed from middle age (50 years) to early old age (70 years).Materials and methods: Data collection was conducted from a cohort study beginning in 1992, when the participants were 50 years old, and again 5, 10, 15 and 20 years later. Stability and change in PTD were described using cross-tabulation. Perceived taste disturbance over the 20-year survey period was modelled using the generalised estimating equation (GEE).Results: The prevalence of PTD during a 5-year period found in this study ranged from 2.4 to 2.9%, the latter in individuals between 60 and 70 years of age. Women generally had PTD more often than men. The longitudinal analysis showed that problems with bad breath (OR = 3.6), blisters (OR = 3.4), burning mouth (OR = 3.4) and self-perceived health (OR = 2.7) were the most important factors explaining PTD.Conclusions: This study showed that PTD does not increase between 50 and 70 years of age in ordinary community-living individuals. There were no long-term impacts on PTD over time from socio-economic factors, and over time, there were a limited number of factors contributing to the effect. Bad breath, blisters, burning mouth and self-perceived health are important factors for the dentist to discuss with the patient in the case of PTD.
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7.
  • Alftberg, Åsa, et al. (författare)
  • Ambivalence among staff regarding ageing with intellectual disabilities : Experiences and reflections
  • 2021
  • Ingår i: Journal of Intellectual Disabilities. - : Sage Publications. - 1744-6295 .- 1744-6309. ; 25:2, s. 192-209
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • This study explores the experiences and reflections of staff in intellectual disability (ID) services concerning ageing with ID. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 24 staff members in group homes and daily activity centres. The findings showed that the staff were uncertain about the signs of ageing in people with intellectual disabilities; they compared the life conditions of these people with conditions in older people without intellectual disabilities. Their emphasis on an active lifestyle was very strong. The staff members also mentioned uncertainty about how to facilitate assistive devices and whether ‘ageing in place’ was the best solution. The overall theme was manifested as ambivalence where notions of older people with intellectual disabilities seemed incompatible with notions of old age in general and could be explained by the theoretical concept of age coding. The findings of this study indicate the need to provide education about ageing to staff working in ID services.
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8.
  • Hjelm, Markus, et al. (författare)
  • The work of case managers as experienced by older persons (+75) with multi-morbidity : a focused ethnography
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: BMC Geriatrics. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2318 .- 1471-2318. ; 15
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background Complex health systems make it difficult for older persons (75+) with multi-morbidity to achieve continuity of care. Case management could be one way to address this difficulty. Currently, there is a need to extend the knowledge regarding case management as experienced by those utilising the services, namely older persons (75+) with multi-morbidity. The study aimed to explore older persons’ (75+) with multi-morbidity experiences of case managers. Methods The study design was qualitative and used a focused ethnographic approach. Data was collected through individual interviews with 13 older persons and by participant observations with accompanying field notes, all conducted in 2012–2013. Results The data revealed four themes illustrating the older persons’ experiences of case managers: 1) Someone providing me with a trusting relationship; 2) Someone assisting me; 3) Someone who is on my side; and 4) Someone I do not need at present. Conclusions This study illustrates the importance of establishing trusting relationships between older persons and their case managers in order to truly provide assistance. The older persons valued the case managers acting as informed but unbiased facilitators. The findings could be of help in the development of case management interventions better designed for older persons with multi-morbidity.
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9.
  • Olsson, Cecilia, 1971-, et al. (författare)
  • All our problems solved? Implementing peer learning in a geriatric hospital setting: : A discussion paper
  • 2020
  • Ingår i: Nordic journal of nursing research. - : Sage Publications. - 2057-1585 .- 2057-1593. ; 41:2, s. 61-64
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Educational models that facilitate an increased number of students while maintaining clinical education of good quality are needed. This discussion paper presents how peer learning was implemented in a geriatric hospital setting allowing for an increase in student numbers. Conclusively, a stringent implementation of peer learning facilitated an effective way of using existing supervision resources, while maintaining a good quality of clinical education. It is also important that the process is anchored in both educational and clinical settings with a clear division of responsibilities. Finally, all collaborative partners need to acknowledge the significance of high-quality clinical education.
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10.
  • Sjöberg, Marina, et al. (författare)
  • Existential aspects documented in older people’s patient records in the context of specialized palliative care : a retrospective review
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: BMC Health Services Research. - : BioMed Central Ltd.. - 1472-6963. ; 22:1, s. 1-9
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background: Documentation of older people’s end-of-life care should cover the care given and provide an overview of their entire situation. Older people approaching the end of life often have complex symptoms, live with bodily losses, and face an unknown future in which existential aspects come to the forefront. Knowledge of the existential aspects recorded in palliative care documentation is sparse and merits improvement. This knowledge is relevant to the development of more holistic documentation and is necessary in order to promote reflection on and discussion of documentation of the sensitive existential considerations arising in palliative care. The aim of this study was to describe the documentation of existential aspects in the patient records of older people receiving specialized palliative care. Methods: Data were obtained from a retrospective review of the free-text notes in 84 records of randomly selected patients aged ≥75 years enrolled in specialized palliative care units who died in 2017. The notes were analysed using an inductive qualitative content analysis. Results: The notes documented existential aspects in terms of connotations of well-being and ill-being. Documented existential aspects were related to the patients’ autonomy concerning loss of freedom and self-determination, social connectedness concerning loneliness and communion, emotional state concerning anxiety and inner peace, and state of being concerning despair and hope. The notes on existential aspects were, however, not recorded in a structured way and no care plans related to existential aspects were found. Conclusions: Existential aspects concerning both ill-being and well-being were sparsely and unsystematically documented in older people’s patient records, but when notes were extracted from these records and analysed, patterns became evident. Existential aspects form an important basis for delivering person-centred palliative care. There is a need to develop structured documentation concerning existential aspects; otherwise, patients’ thoughts and concerns may remain unknown to healthcare professionals.
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