| 1. |
- Jendle, Johan, 1963-, et al.
(author)
-
Delivery and Retention of an Insulin Aerosol Produced by a New Jet Nebulizer
- 1995
-
In: Journal of Aerosol Medicine. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 0894-2684 .- 1557-9026. ; 8:3, s. 243-254
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- UNLABELLED: This study describes the delivery and distribution of an aerosol generated by a jet nebulizer (MAXIN) in an experimental animal model. Anesthetised, intubated and ventilated piglets inhaled radiolabeled technetium diethylene-triamine-penta-acetic acid (99mTc-DTPA) through the endotracheal tube. The lungs were excised en bloc and scintigraphed, using a computerized gamma camera to evaluate the pattern of distribution. By nebulizing radiolabeled 125I-insulin and comparing the activity deposited on inspiratory and expiratory electrostatic filters, delivery and retention of nebulized insulin was assessed. The distribution of aerosol in the lungs was very even and reached the most peripheral parts. The delivery of nebulized insulin was calculated to be 88.9 +/- 5.3% and 36.1 +/- 8.8% of the insulin delivered to the respiratory tract was retained. The immediate local effects of insulin aerosol administration on the lungs were evaluated using light microscopy. No adverse effects were observed at histopathologic examination of the lung tissue.CONCLUSION: This study shows a high penetration of aerosol to the peripheral parts of the lung and efficient delivery of nebulized insulin when using the MAXIN-nebulizer.
|
|
| 2. |
- Alm Carlsson, Gudrun, et al.
(author)
-
Monte Carlo metoden : ett verktyg inom strålningsfysiken
- 1995
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detta kompendium är tänkt att användas som ett propedeutiskt kursmaterial för kursdeltagare i kursen "Monte Carlo simulering av foton- och elektrontransport vid diagnostiska och radioterapeutiska strålkvaliteter". Först följer en kort repetition av den grundläggande statistik som utnyt1jas i beräkningarna. Därefter följer en beskrivning av slumptal. det fundament som metoden bygger på. Vidare beskrivs val ur olika frekvensfunktioner. Valet kan även göras ur så kallade falska fördelningar för att reducera variansen i den skattade storheten. Metoderna belyses i ett avsnitt om problemlösningsmetodik. först i allmänna termer för att sen gå in på ett specifikt problem (Buffons nålproblem) där en analys och strukturering av problemet görs varefter flödesschema och kodning exemplifieras. Så följer två moment där en beskrivning görs av färderna av fotoner respektive elektroner genom materia. För elektronfärderna gör man en indelning i klass 1- och klass II-färder. Vad detta innebär och hur deltapartiklar tas om hand beskrivs i ett kapitel. Till sist kommer en kort introduktion till de tre laborationerna med laborationshandledningar. Speciell vikt har lagts vid att initiera laboranten att fundera på fysiken i de simulerade experimenten. Detta kompendium har tillkommit som examinationsarbete vid en kurs i "Monte Carlo simulering av foton- och elektrontransport vid diagnostiska och radioterapeutiska strålkvaliteter", med andra ord den kurs du själv nu ämnar studera. Författarna önskar dig lycka till med kursen och hoppas att du kommer att få glädje av den. Speciellt hoppas vi att denna skrift ska underlätta för dig att tillgodogöra dig informationen vid föreläsningarna och under laborationerna.
|
|
| 3. |
- Persliden, Jan
(author)
-
Analys av filmkassation : Ett SSI-projekt
- 1996
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Reject analysis in a radiology department can play an important role in the quality assurance process. Reject analysis was performed in the Department of Radiology, University Hospital in Linköping, Sweden, during 22 weeks 1992 and 5 weeks 1994. Between the two occasions, an education and training program was carried through. The rejected films were classified acording to 6 criteria. The reject frequency was 9.9% before and 8.5% after. Faulty exposure and faulty positioning of the patient contributing with 53 % of all rejected films. It was shown that reject analysis can easily be carried through. Compared to reports from the literature, the level found here was neither high nor low. The decrease in reject frequency after the training program was low and probably not significant. Reducing the rejections results in reduced patient doses and lower costs for the films. However, too low frequencies may be an indication of accepting bad image quality and reduced diagnostic accuracy. In the future when digital equipment is more frequently introduced the rejection of films will decrease, but not necessarily the retakes. Here, measurements of mean absorbed doses to the patients may provide a better toal for quality assurance of the radiology department.
|
|
| 4. |
- Sandborg, Michael, et al.
(author)
-
Collection and analysis of patient and image data for calibration of a voxelphantombased Monte Carlo code and for the modelling of important structures
- 1997
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The contribution of the Medical Physics Departments at Linköping University (LKP) and The Royal Marsden NHS Trust (RMH) to the joint project ‘Predictivity and Optimisation in Medical Radiation Protection’ is in modelling of the chest and lumbar spine radiographic examinations. This involves:the development of quantitative imaging requirements;an investigation of the effect of imaging technique on image quality and patientdose, andan optimisation of system design.One of the objectives for this first reporting period (0-12 months) was to collect a set of chest and lumbar spine radiographs of patients for subsequent analysis in order to establish patient doses and important features in the images. The set of radiographs and the outcome of the image feature analysis will during this project’s second year be used to calibrate our Monte Carlo computational model of the conventional chest and lumbar spine screen-film X-ray imaging systems.
|
|
