| 1. |
- Gustafsson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Gas6 and the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
- 2009
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 4:10, s. e7575-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The molecular biology of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is complex and not fully understood. We have recently found that the expression of the receptor tyrosine kinase Axl in the RCC tumors independently correlates with survival of the patients. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Here, we have investigated the role of Axl and its ligand Gas6, the vitamin-K dependent protein product of the growth arrest-specific gene 6, in clear cell RCC (ccRCC) derived cells. The Axl protein was highly expressed in ccRCC cells deficient in functional von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) protein, a tumor suppressor gene often inactivated in ccRCC. VHL reconstituted cells expressed decreased levels of Axl protein, but not Axl mRNA, suggesting VHL to regulate Axl expression. Gas6-mediated activation of Axl in ccRCC cells resulted in Axl phosphorylation, receptor down-regulation, decreased cell-viability and migratory capacity. No effects of the Gas6/Axl system could be detected on invasion. Moreover, in ccRCC tumor tissues, Axl was phosphorylated and Gas6 gamma-carboxylated, suggesting these molecules to be active in vivo. SIGNIFICANCE: These results provide novel information regarding the complex function of the Gas6/Axl system in ccRCC.
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| 2. |
- Mårtensson, Carina, et al.
(författare)
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Factors behind change in knowledge after a mass media campaign targeting periodontitis
- 2006
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Ingår i: International Journal of Dental Hygiene. - 1601-5029 .- 1601-5037. ; 4:1, s. 8-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate changes in knowledge before and after a mass media campaign, in relation to social attributes, care system attributes and oral health aspects. The study was based on a questionnaire in a cohort design, sent out to 900 randomly sampled people aged 50–75 in Sweden. The response rate to the questionnaire before and after the campaign was 70% and 65% respectively. Sixty-four percent answered both questionnaires. Two questions addressed knowledge, while 10 questions aimed to measure social attributes, care system attributes and oral health aspects. Data were analysed for bivariate relations as to change in knowledge and social attributes, care system attributes and oral health aspects. Data were also analysed in multiple regression analysis with knowledge before, knowledge after and knowledge differences as dependent variables. The results showed that there were a number of independent variables with influence on the dependent variables. Of the social attributes, secondary education gave almost 10% (P < 0.001) better knowledge both before and after the campaign. Among care system attributes, high care utilization was related to knowledge both before and after the campaign. The most important factors for knowledge about periodontitis were education, care utilization and perceived importance of oral health. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that mass media might increase knowledge about periodontitis as a health promotion strategy.
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| 3. |
- Svensson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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The host defense peptide LL-37 is detected in human parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva and expressed in glandular neutrophils
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Oral Sciences. - : Blackwell Munksgaard. - 0909-8836 .- 1600-0722. ; 126:2, s. 93-100
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The human host defense peptide, LL-37, is an important player in the first line of defense against invading microorganisms. LL-37 and its precursor, hCAP18, have been detected in unstimulated whole saliva but no reports showing hCAP18/LL-37 in isolated, parotid, and/or submandibular/sublingual saliva have been presented. Here, we measured the levels of hCAP18/LL-37 in human parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva and investigated the expression of hCAP18/LL-37 in parotid and submandibular gland tissue. Parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva was collected from healthy volunteers, and the levels of hCAP18/LL-37 in saliva were analyzed by dot blot, ELISA, and western blotting. Cellular expression of hCAP18/LL-37 in human parotid and submandibular glands was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Immunoreactivity for hCAP18/LL-37 was detected in both parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva of all individuals. The concentration of hCAP18/LL-37 was similar in parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva, and was determined by densitometric scanning of each dot and normalization to the total protein concentration of each sample, and by ELISA. Double immunohistochemistry revealed that intravascular neutrophils of both parotid and submandibular glands express hCAP18/LL-37. For the first time, we demonstrate hCAP18/LL-37 in isolated human parotid and submandibular/sublingual saliva and expression of hCAP18/LL-37 in glandular intravascular neutrophils, indicating that neutrophils of the major salivary glands contribute to the LL-37 content of whole saliva.
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| 4. |
- Wiesinger, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Jaw-opening accuracy is not affected by masseter muscle vibration in healthy men
- 2014
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Ingår i: Experimental Brain Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0014-4819 .- 1432-1106. ; 232:11, s. 3501-3508
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a functional integration between the jaw and neck regions with head extension–flexion movements during jaw-opening/closing tasks. We recently reported that trigeminal nociceptive input by injection of hypertonic saline into the masseter muscle altered this integrated jaw–neck function during jaw-opening/closing tasks. Thus, in jaw-opening to a predefined position, the head–neck component increased during pain. Previous studies have indicated that muscle spindle stimulation by vibration of the masseter muscle may influence jaw movement amplitudes, but the possible effect on the integrated jaw–neck function is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of masseter muscle vibration on jaw–head movements during a continuous jaw-opening/closing task to a target position. Sixteen healthy men performed two trials without vibration (Control) and two trials with bilateral masseter muscle vibration (Vibration). Movements of the mandible and the head were registered with a wireless three-dimensional optoelectronic recording system. Differences in jaw-opening and head movement amplitudes between Control and Vibration, as well as achievement of the predefined jaw-opening target position, were analysed with Wilcoxon’s matched pairs test. No significant group effects from vibration were found for jaw or head movement amplitudes, or in the achievement of the target jaw-opening position. A covariation between the jaw and head movement amplitudes was observed. The results imply a high stability for the jaw motor system in a target jaw-opening task and that this task was achieved with the head–neck and jaw working as an integrated system.
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| 5. |
- Jönsson, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Immunocytochemical demonstration of estrogen receptor beta in human periodontal ligament cells.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Archives of Oral Biology. - 1879-1506 .- 0003-9969. ; 49:1, s. 85-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two transcription associated estrogen receptor (ER) subtypes have been identified and named ERα and ERβ. In the present study we investigate the expression of these ER subtypes in cultured human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells by immunocytochemistry. ERβ immunoreactivity was observed in the nuclei of about 40% of the PDL cells, while no ERα immunoreactivity was detected. In human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, serving as positive controls, both ERα and ERβ immunoreactivities were demonstrated. No immunoreactivity was observed after omission of the primary antibodies. This study suggests that estrogen acts on gene transcription preferentially via ERβ in human PDL cells.
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| 6. |
- Morin, Maxim, et al.
(författare)
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Skin hydration dynamics investigated by electrical impedance techniques in vivo and in vitro
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1, s. 17218-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Skin is easily accessible for transdermal drug delivery and also attractive for biomarker sampling. These applications are strongly influenced by hydration where elevated hydration generally leads to increased skin permeability. Thus, favorable transdermal delivery and extraction conditions can be easily obtained by exploiting elevated skin hydration. Here, we provide a detailed in vivo and in vitro investigation of the skin hydration dynamics using three techniques based on electrical impedance spectroscopy. Good correlation between in vivo and in vitro results is demonstrated, which implies that simple but realistic in vitro models can be used for further studies related to skin hydration (e.g., cosmetic testing). Importantly, the results show that hydration proceeds in two stages. Firstly, hydration between 5 and 10 min results in a drastic skin impedance change, which is interpreted as filling of superficial voids in skin with conducting electrolyte solution. Secondly, a subtle impedance change is observed over time, which is interpreted as leveling of the water gradient across skin leading to structural relaxation/changes of the macromolecular skin barrier components. With respect to transdermal drug delivery and extraction of biomarkers; 1 h of hydration is suggested to result in beneficial and stable conditions in terms of high skin permeability and extraction efficiency.
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| 7. |
- Olsson, Helena, et al.
(författare)
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Dental pulp capping : effect of Emdogain Gel on experimentally exposed human pulps
- 2005
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Ingår i: International Endodontic Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 38:3, s. 186-194
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: To investigate the effect of Emdogain Gel (Biora AB, Malmo, Sweden), consisting of a enamel matrix derivative (EMD) in a propylene glycol alginate (PGA) vehicle, on experimentally exposed human pulps and to register postoperative symptoms. METHODOLOGY: Nine pairs of contralateral premolars scheduled for extraction on orthodontic indications were included. Following a superficial pulp amputation performed with a small (016) diamond bur, either EMDgel or a mix of calcium hydroxide and sterile saline was placed at random in contact with the pulp wound. The subjects made records of symptoms and were also interviewed about pain/discomfort by a blinded examiner. After 12 weeks the teeth were extracted, prepared and subjected to light microscopic examination in which the inflammation and newly formed hard tissue in the pulp were analysed. Immunohistochemistry was performed using affinity-purified rabbit anti-EMD polyclonal antibodies. RESULTS: Postoperative symptoms were less frequent in the EMDgel-treated than in the calcium hydroxide-treated teeth, especially during the first six weeks. In the EMDgel-treated teeth, new tissue partly filled the space initially occupied by the gel and hard tissue was formed alongside the exposed dentine surfaces and in patches in the adjacent pulp tissue. EMD was detected in the areas where new hard tissue had been formed. The wound area of the EMDgel-treated teeth exhibited inflammation in the majority of the teeth whereas less inflammation was seen in the calcium hydroxide-treated teeth where the hard tissue was formed as a bridge. CONCLUSIONS: In the EMDgel-treated teeth, postoperative symptoms were less frequent and the amount and pattern of hard tissue formation were markedly different than in the teeth treated with calcium hydroxide. However, the operative procedure and the formulation with EMD in a PGA vehicle do not seem to be effective for the formation of a hard tissue barrier.
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| 8. |
- Niemann-Jönsson, Audrey, et al.
(författare)
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Medial Expression of TNF-α and TNF Receptors Precedes the Development of Atherosclerotic Lesions in Apolipoprotein E/LDL Receptor Double Knockout Mice
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Biomedical Science. - 1550-9702 .- 1555-2810. ; 3:2, s. 117-123
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TNF-α is present in atherosclerotic lesions, activates endothelial adhesion molecule expression, stimulates the release of proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases and promotes smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Taken together these observations suggest that TNF-α may be functionally involved in early atherosclerosis development. To further evaluate this hypothesis we compared vascular TNF-α and TNF receptor expression in atherosclerosis-susceptible apoE-/-/LDL receptor-/- mice and control C57BL/6 mice. The aortas of 8 week old apoE-/-/LDLreceptor-/- mice displayed immunoreactivity for TNF-α as well as TNF p55 and p75 receptors (2.1 ± 1.6%, 5.6 ± 1.5% and 3.6 ± 1.3% of total media area, respectively), but did not have any detectable lesions. A marginal increase in TNF-α and TNF receptor immunoreactivity was observed at 12 weeks and atherosclerotic plaques were detected in 1 out of 5 animals. At 16 weeks TNF-α expression in the media was increased more than four-fold as compared with 8 week old mice, and atherosclerosis was widespread. TNF-α immunoreactivity was also observed in all plaques. In addition, at the same age a tendency towards increased TNF-α mRNA levels was detected in the double knockout mice compared to age-matched controls. A further increase in TNF-α and TNF receptor immunoreactivity as well as plaque size was observed at 20 weeks. With only a few exceptions, no TNF-α or TNF receptor immunoreactivity was detected in C57BL/6 control mice. These findings demonstrate that medial TNF-α and TNF receptor expression precedes lesion formation in apoE-/-/LDL receptor-/- mice.
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| 9. |
- Fridberg, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Protein expression and cellular localization in two prognostic subgroups of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma : higher expression of ZAP70 and PKC-beta II in the non-germinal center group and poor survival in patients deficient in nuclear PTEN
- 2007
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Ingår i: Leukemia and Lymphoma. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1042-8194 .- 1029-2403. ; 48:11, s. 2221-2232
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients diagnosed with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) show varying responses to conventional therapy, and this might be contributed to the differentiation stage of the tumor B-cells. The aim of the current study was to evaluate a panel of kinases (ZAP70, PKC-β I and II and phosphorylated PKB/Akt) and phosphatases (PTEN, SHP1 and SHP2) known to be frequently deregulated in lymphoid malignancies. De novo DLBCL cases were divided into two subgroups, the germinal center (GC) group (14/28) and the non-germinal center (non-GC) or activated B-cell (ABC) group (14/28). ZAP70 and PKC-β II were expressed in a significantly higher percentage of tumor cells in the clinically more aggressive non-GC group compared with the prognostically favourable GC group. Also, the subcellular localization of PKC-β I and II differed in DLBCL cells, with the PKC-β I isoform being expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus, while PKC-β II was found exclusively in the cytoplasm. Loss of nuclear PTEN correlated with poor survival in cases from both subgroups. In addition, five cell lines of DLBCL origin were analyzed for protein expression and for mRNA levels of PTEN and SHP1. For the first time, we show that ZAP70 is expressed in a higher percentage of tumor cells in the aggressive non-GC subgroup of DLBCL and that PKC-β I and II are differently distributed in the two prognostic subgroups of de novo DLBCL.
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| 10. |
- Gauffin, Fredrika, et al.
(författare)
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Expresson of PTEN and SHP1, Ivestigated from Tissue Microarrays in Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic, Leukemia
- 2009
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Ingår i: Pediatric Hematology & Oncology. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0888-0018 .- 1521-0669. ; 26:1, s. 48-56
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PTEN and SHP1 are tumor suppressor genes involved in the regulation of cell cycle control and apoptosis. The authors investigated the protein expression of PTEN and SHP1, by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays from bone marrow samples in children, diagnosed with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia and nonmalignant controls. PTEN was overexpressed in diagnostic ALL samples, while SHP1 showed a low expression. Both proteins showed a significant difference in expression compared to nonmalignant controls. The roles of PTEN and SHP1 are not well investigated in pediatric leukemia and could in the future play a role as prognostic factors.
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