1.
Bränn, Emma, et al.
(författare)
Inflammatory markers in women with postpartum depressive symptoms
2020
Ingår i: Journal of Neuroscience Research. - : Wiley. - 0360-4012 .- 1097-4547. ; 98:7, s. 1309-1321
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a devastating disorder affecting not only more than 10% of all women giving birth, but also the baby, the family, and the society. Compiling evidence suggests the involvement of the immune system in the pathophysiology of major depression; yet, the immune response in perinatal depression is not as well studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the alterations in peripheral levels of inflammatory biomarkers in 169 Swedish women with and without depressive symptoms according to the Edinburgh postnatal depression scale or the M.I.N.I neuropsychiatric interview at eight weeks postpartum. Among the 70 markers analyzed with multiplex proximity extension assay, five were significantly elevated in women with postpartum depressive symptoms in the adjusted LASSO logistic regression analysis: Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member (TRANCE) (OR-per 1 SD increase = 1.20), Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) (OR = 1.17) Interleukin (IL)-18 (OR = 1.06), Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) (OR = 1.25), and C-X-C motif chemokine 1 (CXCL1) (OR 1.11). These results indicate that women with PPD have elevated levels of some inflammatory biomarkers. It is, therefore, plausible that PPD is associated with a compromised adaptability of the immune system.
2.
3.
Monsen, Tor J., et al.
(författare)
Mecillinam resistance and outcome of pivmecillinam treatment in uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection in women
2014
Ingår i: Apmis. - Hoboken : Wiley. - 0903-4641 .- 1600-0463. ; 122:4, s. 317-323
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Pivmecillinam (PIV) is a first-line antimicrobial for treatment of lower urinary tract infection in women (LUTIW). Mecillinam, the active substance of PIV, is bactericidal mainly against gram-negative uropathogens, whereas gram-positive species are considered intrinsically resistant. However, successful treatment of LUTIW caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus has been reported, but more rarely for other gram-positive species. The aim of this study was to compare clinical and bacteriological outcome of PIV vs placebo treatment among uropathogens with special focus on mecillinam-resistant isolates. We analysed data from a prospective, multicentre, placebo-controlled, primary health care, therapy study performed in Sweden in 1995-1998 that included 1143 women with symptoms suggestive of LUTIW. Urine cultures were collected and symptoms registered at inclusion and at follow-up visits. Overall, the efficacy of PIV was superior to that of placebo. Clinical and bacteriological outcomes of PIV treatment were similar for S. saprophyticus, Escherichia coli as for most other uropathogens irrespective of their susceptibility to mecillinam. However, the occurrence of enterococci increased nearly fivefold shortly post PIV treatment, although with mild symptoms and a high spontaneous eradication. As susceptibility to mecillinam in vitro did not predict bacteriological and clinical outcome of PIV treatment, we suggest that the present breakpoints for mecillinam should be revised.
4.
Lasselin, Julie, et al.
(författare)
Fatigue and sleepiness responses to experimental inflammation and exploratory analysis of the effect of baseline inflammation in healthy humans
2020
Ingår i: Brain, behavior, and immunity. - : Elsevier BV. - 0889-1591 .- 1090-2139. ; 83, s. 309-314
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Inflammation is believed to be a central mechanism in the pathophysiology of fatigue. While it is likely that dynamic of the fatigue response after an immune challenge relates to the corresponding cytokine release, this lacks evidence. Although both fatigue and sleepiness are strong signals to rest, they constitute distinct symptoms which are not necessarily associated, and sleepiness in relation to inflammation has been rarely investigated. Here, we have assessed the effect of an experimental immune challenge (administration of lipopolysaccharide, LPS) on the development of both fatigue and sleepiness, and the associations between increases in cytokine concentrations, fatigue and sleepiness, in healthy volunteers. In addition, because chronic-low grade inflammation may represent a risk factor for fatigue, we tested whether higher baseline levels of inflammation result in a more pronounced development of cytokine-induced fatigue and sleepiness. Data from four experimental studies was combined, giving a total of 120 subjects (LPS N = 79, 18 (23%) women; Placebo N = 69, 12 (17%) women). Administration of LPS resulted in a stronger increase in fatigue and sleepiness compared to the placebo condition, and the development of both fatigue and sleepiness closely paralleled the cytokine responses. Individuals with stronger increases in cytokine concentrations after LPS administration also suffered more from fatigue and sleepiness (N = 75), independent of gender. However, there was no support for the hypothesis that higher baseline inflammatory markers moderated the responses in fatigue or sleepiness after an inflammatory challenge. The results demonstrate a tight connection between the acute inflammatory response and development of both fatigue and sleepiness, and motivates further investigation of the involvement of inflammation in the pathophysiology of central fatigue.
5.
Dangardt, Frida, 1977, et al.
(författare)
Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation improves vascular function and reduces inflammation in obese adolescents.
2010
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1484 .- 0021-9150. ; 212:2, s. 580-5
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Compared to normal weight adolescents, obese adolescents have lower serum omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) concentrations, augmented inflammatory activity and endothelial dysfunction. We wanted to assess whether n-3 supplementation increases the serum n-3 PUFA concentration, improves vascular function and morphology, and lowers inflammation in obese adolescents.
6.
Haas, Richard H, et al.
(författare)
Mitochondrial disease: a practical approach for primary care physicians.
2007
Ingår i: Pediatrics. - : American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP). - 1098-4275 .- 0031-4005. ; 120:6, s. 1326-33
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Notorious variability in the presentation of mitochondrial disease in the infant and young child complicates its clinical diagnosis. Mitochondrial disease is not a single entity but, rather, a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by impaired energy production due to genetically based oxidative phosphorylation dysfunction. Together, these disorders constitute the most common neurometabolic disease of childhood with an estimated minimal risk of developing mitochondrial disease of 1 in 5000. Diagnostic difficulty results from not only the variable and often nonspecific presentation of these disorders but also from the absence of a reliable biomarker specific for the screening or diagnosis of mitochondrial disease. A simplified and standardized approach to facilitate the clinical recognition of mitochondrial disease by primary physicians is needed. With this article we aimed to improve the clinical recognition of mitochondrial disease by primary care providers and empower the generalist to initiate appropriate baseline diagnostic testing before determining the need for specialist referral. This is particularly important in light of the international shortage of metabolism specialists to comprehensively evaluate this large and complex disease population. It is hoped that greater familiarity among primary care physicians with the protean manifestations of mitochondrial disease will facilitate the proper diagnosis and management of this growing cohort of pediatric patients who present across all specialties.
7.
Rydenman, Karin, 1982, et al.
(författare)
Chapter 104. Recurrent Fever and Sore Throat
2019
Ingår i: Pediatric Immunology. A Case-Based Collection with MCQs. Rezaei N. (red.). - Cham : Springer. - 9783030212612 ; , s. 553-559
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
8.
Jonsjö, Martin A., et al.
(författare)
The role of low-grade inflammation in ME/CFS (Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome) : associations with symptoms
2020
Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 113
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Background: Patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) often present with a range of flu-like symptoms resembling sickness behavior as well as widespread pain and concentration deficits. The aim of this study was to explore the association between inflammatory markers previously shown to be related to fatigue severity in ME/CFS and common ME/CFS symptoms post-exertional fatigue, impaired cognitive processing, musculoskeletal pain and recurrent flu-like symptoms, and the moderating effect of sex on these associations. Methods: 53 adult patients diagnosed with ME/CFS at a specialist clinic were included in the study. Fasting blood plasma was analyzed using the Olink Proseek Multiplex Inflammation panel (beta-NGF, CCL11, CXCL1, CXCL10, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, TGF-alpha, TGF-beta-1 and SCF) and BioRad Human Cytokine Type 1 assay (TNF-alpha). Participants rated the average severity of symptoms (0-10) based on the 2011 International Consensus Criteria of ME/CFS during a structured clinical interview. Associations between inflammatory markers and symptom severity were analyzed using bivariate correlations and moderated regression analyses bootstrapped with 5000 repetitions. Results and conclusions: Only beta-NGF was associated with the fatigue severity measure. However, higher levels of CCL11, CXCL10, IL-7, TNF-alpha and TGF-beta-1 were significantly associated with higher levels of impaired cognitive processing and musculoskeletal pain, and sex was a significant moderator for CXCL10, IL-7 and TGF-beta-1. Future studies should investigate the relationship between inflammatory markers and key symptoms in ME/CFS in a longitudinal design in order to explore if and for whom low-grade inflammation may contribute to illness development.
9.
Ek, A., et al.
(författare)
Chronic rhinosinusitis in asthma is a negative predictor of quality of life: results from the Swedish GA(2)LEN survey
2013
Ingår i: Allergy. - : Wiley. - 0105-4538 .- 1398-9995. ; 68:10, s. 1314-1321
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
BackgroundAsthma and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) both impair quality of life, but the quality-of-life impact of comorbid asthma and CRS is poorly known. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of CRS and other relevant factors on quality of life in asthmatic subjects. MethodsThis Swedish cohort (age 17-76years) consists of 605 well-characterized asthmatics with and without CRS, 110 individuals with CRS only, and 226 controls and is part of the Global Allergy and Asthma European Network (GA(2)LEN) survey. The Mini Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (mAQLQ), the Euro Quality of Life (EQ-5D) health questionnaire, spirometry, skin prick test (SPT), exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), smell test, and peak nasal inspiratory flow were used. ResultsSubjects having both asthma and CRS have lower mAQLQ scores in all domains (P<0.001) and a lower EQ-5D index value and EQ-5D VAS value (P<0.001) compared to those with asthma only. Asthmatics with CRS have significantly lower FEV1%pred and FVC%pred (88.4 [85.1-91.7] and 99.9 [96.7-103.0], respectively) compared with asthma only (91.9 [90.3-93.4] and 104.0 [102.5-105.5], respectively P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis shows that low asthma quality of life is associated with having CRS (P<0.0001), lower lung function (P=0.008), current smoking (P=0.01), BMI>30kg/m(2) (P=0.04), high age (P=0.03), and a negative SPT (P=0.04). ConclusionsComorbid CRS was a significant and independent negative predictor of quality of life in asthmatics. Other negative factors were lower lung function, current smoking, obesity, advanced age, and having nonatopic asthma.
10.
Keen, Christina, et al.
(författare)
Low levels of exhaled nitric oxide are associated with impaired lung function in cystic fibrosis.
2010
Ingår i: Pediatric pulmonology. - : Wiley. - 1099-0496 .- 8755-6863. ; 45:3, s. 241-8
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat) abstract
Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) is often reduced in cystic fibrosis (CF). FENO at different expiratory flows can provide an indication of the site of nitric oxide production. The aim of this study was to examine whether NO parameters are related to overall (FEV(1)) or peripheral (lung clearance index, LCI, measured by multiple breath SF(6) washout) airway function and systemic inflammation in CF. Secondary aim was to compare alveolar NO and bronchial NO flux calculated by two different mathematical models, a linear and a nonlinear method. Thirty-five healthy and 45 CF children were recruited. FENO at 50 ml/sec (FENO(50)) and bronchial NO flux were lower in CF than controls, 9.5 (2.7-38.8) (median (range)) versus 12.4 (5.2-40.1) ppb, P = 0.029, and 391 (97-1772) versus 578 (123-1993) (pl/sec), P = 0.036, respectively. No difference in alveolar NO was shown. The nonlinear method resulted in lower alveolar NO and higher bronchial flux, than the linear method, but the result was closely correlated in both groups. LCI was higher in CF than controls, 8.4 (6.5-12.9) versus 5.9 (5.1-7.8), P < 0.001. FENO(50) was negatively correlated with LCI (r = -0.43; P = 0.003) and positively correlated with FEV(1) (r = 0.42, P = 0.004) in CF. Alveolar NO correlated negatively with inflammatory markers: orosomucoid (r = -0.42, P = 0.005), platelets (r = -0.50, P < 0.001) and white blood cell count (r = -0.48, P = 0.001). In conclusion, FENO(50) and bronchial NO flux are reduced in young CF subjects and low FENO(50) is associated with overall and small airway obstruction. NO parameters derived from the different models were closely related but the values differed slightly.
