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| 2. |
- Lerner, Henrik, 1975-
(författare)
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Health in Non-human Organisms
- 2020. - 1 uppl
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Ingår i: Explaining Health Across the Sciences. - Cham : Springer Nature. - 9783030526627 - 9783030526634 ; , s. 333-346
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter analyses attempts made to define health for non-human organisms. This could be done either as a bottom-up approach finding a common denominator that all organisms share, or as a top-down approach which starts with a certain valuable criterion that those organisms share. Through this chapter I will discuss both approaches. I will briefly discuss the concept of organism and why I only choose to discuss biological organisms. This chapter will also further develop a categorization of health definitions that acknowledges the variety of the different kinds of definitions. This is done as a two-level categorization consisting of categories and versions of these categories. I will go through relevant categories and versions in order to be able to say which could be fruitful to use as well as where science needs to be heading.
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| 3. |
- Lerner, Henrik, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Towards a healthy concept of health
- 2020. - 2 uppl
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Ingår i: One Health. - Wallingford : CABI Publishing. - 9781789242577 - 9781789242591 - 9781789242584 ; , s. 52-56
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter analyses the concept of One Health and focuses on the two words in the concept with the aim to better explain what the terms ‘one’ and ‘health’ refer to. First, making a distinction between the usage of the terms ‘One Health approaches’, which refers to all appraoches with a multispecies and multi- or interdisciplinary scope, and ‘One Health’, which refers to a specific kind of approach being made. Second, the One Health definition set forth in this book was compared to three other definitions of One Health, and pros and cons were identified. Additionally, the meaning of ‘one’ was discussed, showing the need for an interdisciplinary approach. Finally, the meaning of ‘health’ was shown to be complex, both regarding which definition of health to choose and on which level (individual, population or ecosystem) to apply it. A non-speciesist definition of health is needed, which could be either a bottom up or top-down definition. Further discussions within the One Health approaches are needed.
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| 4. |
- Elmberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Potential disease transmission from wild geese and swans to livestock, poultry and humans : a review of the scientific literature from a One Health perspective
- 2017
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Ingår i: Infection Ecology & Epidemiology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2000-8686 .- 2000-8686. ; 7:1, s. 1-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are more herbivorous waterfowl (swans and geese) close to humans, livestock and poultry than ever before. This creates widespread conflict with agriculture and other human interests, but also debate about the role of swans and geese as potential vectors of disease of relevance for human and animal health. Using a One Health perspective, we provide the first comprehensive review of the scientific literature about the most relevant viral, bacterial, and unicellular pathogens occurring in wild geese and swans. Research thus far suggests that these birds may play a role in transmission of avian influenza virus, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and antibiotic resistance. On the other hand, at present there is no evidence that geese and swans play a role in transmission of Newcastle disease, duck plague, West Nile virus, Vibrio, Yersinia, Clostridium, Chlamydophila, and Borrelia. Finally, based on present knowledge it is not possible to say if geese and swans play a role in transmission of Escherichia coli, Pasteurella, Helicobacter, Brachyspira, Cryptosporidium, Giardia, and Microsporidia. This is largely due to changes in classification and taxonomy, rapid development of identification methods and lack of knowledge about host specificity. Previous research tends to overrate the role of geese and swans as disease vectors; we do not find any evidence that they are significant transmitters to humans or livestock of any of the pathogens considered in this review. Nevertheless, it is wise to keep poultry and livestock separated from small volume waters used by many wild waterfowl, but there is no need to discourage livestock grazing in nature reserves or pastures where geese and swans are present. Under some circumstances it is warranted to discourage swans and geese from using wastewater ponds, drinking water reservoirs, and public beaches. Intensified screening of swans and geese for AIV, West Nile virus and anatid herpesvirus is warranted.
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| 5. |
- Berg, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Editorial : Wildlife Welfare
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Veterinary Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2297-1769. ; 7, s. 1-3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Animal welfare relates to the feelings, behavior, and the health status of animals. Nevertheless, animal welfare legislation rarely prescribes what animals should feel or experience, but rather what humans should do to protect the animals in their care from unnecessary suffering, and e.g., specifications to provide them with suitable housing conditions and appropriate feed to ensure a reasonably good life. This obviously applies to domesticated animals and wildlife kept in enclosures, but not to free-roaming wildlife. Wildlife welfare has received far less attention than welfare for farm or companion animals, although attempts have been made. In recent years the extent of interest in wildlife welfare has grown, as more people have realized that humans have a substantial influence on the lives and welfare of wildlife individuals. Humans, as individuals and as a species, intentionally or unintentionally influence the welfare of wildlife in many different ways, some of which are discussed in this special issue.
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| 6. |
- Lerner, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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Vad är traditionell och lokal kunskap?
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nycklar till kunskap. - Stockholm : Kungl. Skogs- och Lantbruksakademien & Centrum för biologisk mångfald. - 9789185205936 ; , s. 41-57
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 7. |
- Lerner, Henrik
(författare)
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Att hata djur
- 2007
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Ingår i: Människan och faunan. - Stockholm / Uppsala : Wahlström & Widstrand / Centrum för biologisk mångfald. - 9789146217510 ; , s. 162-164
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Lerner, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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What knowledge is "jizz"?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ornis Svecica. - : Sveriges Ornitologiska Förening. - 1102-6812 .- 2003-2633. ; 22, s. 73-79
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Jizz is used by many birders to identify bird species. The definition of jizz differs between authors, but concerns aspects of the bird that are not always easy to define scientifically or describe in objective terms. Rather, impressions of the bird are favoured, including size, shape, behavior and appearance. Here we try to show that jizz is a term worth studying in detail, since its use offers insights in how to identify species, why there are differences among observers in bird surveys and why traditional knowledge about biological diversity might be worth saving when preserving species.
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| 10. |
- Tunon, Håkan, et al.
(författare)
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Ethical codes of conduct for research related to Indigenous peoples and local communities – core principles, challenges and opportunities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Ethics in Indigenous research : past experiences - future research. - Umeå : Vaartoe - Centre for Sami Research. - 9789176014578 ; :7, s. 57–80-
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Codes and guidelines related to the rights of and respect for Indigenous and local communities and their knowledge have been developed during the last decades. A milestone is the UN Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) where the parties have agreed “to respect, preserve and maintain knowledge, innovations and prac-tices of Indigenous and local communities embodying traditional lifestyles”. This study analyses core ethical principles in 13 codes and guidelines. Of 18 principles listed six were identified as core principles. A discussion on challenges and oppor-tunities in implementing these is made with the reference to the Swedish setting and to a Saami context. The codes are created with good intentions and contribute to raising general ethical awareness. However, in Sweden awareness of the relevant guidelines is low among researchers, in ethical committees of universities as well as in local communities. There is also a risk that the elements in the guidelines will be administrative items to tick off rather than favouring a good working relationship between the research team and the local community.
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