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| 2. |
- Allahverdiyeva, Yagut, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the electron transport properties of the psbo1 and psbo2 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana
- 2009
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-2728 .- 1879-2650. ; 1787:10, s. 1230-1237
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genome sequence of Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis) revealed two psbO genes (At5g66570 and At3g50820) which encode two distinct PsbO isoforms: PsbO1 and PsbO2, respectively. To get insights into the function of the PsbO1 and PsbO2 isoforms in Arabidopsis we have performed systematic and comprehensive investigations of the whole photosynthetic electron transfer chain in the T-DNA insertion mutant lines, psbO1 and psbo2. The absence of the PsbO1 isoform and presence of only the PsbO2 isoform in the psbo1 mutant results in (i) malfunction of both the donor and acceptor sides of Photosystem (PS) 11 and (ii) high sensitivity of PSII centers to photodamage, thus implying the importance of the PsbO1 isoform for proper structure and function of PSII. The presence of only the PsbO2 isoform in the PSII centers has consequences not only to the function of PSII but also to the PSI/PSII ratio in thylakoids. These results in modification of the whole electron transfer chain with higher rate of cyclic electron transfer around PSI, faster induction of NPQ and a larger size of the PQ-pool compared to WT, being in line with apparently increased chlororespiration in the psbo1 mutant plants. The presence of only the PsbO1 isoform in the psbo2 mutant did not induce any significant differences in the performance of PSII under standard growth conditions as compared to WT. Nevertheless, under high light illumination, it seems that the presence of also the PsbO2 isoform becomes favourable for efficient repair of the PSII complex.
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| 3. |
- Cardona, Tanai, et al.
(författare)
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Isolation and characterization of thylakoid membranes from the filamentous cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 131:4, s. 622-634
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nostoc punctiforme strain Pasteur Culture Collection (PCC) 73102, a sequenced filamentous cyanobacterium capable of nitrogen fixation, is used as a model organism for characterization of bioenergetic processes during nitrogen fixation in Nostoc. A protocol for isolating thylakoid membranes was developed to examine the biochem. and biophys. aspects of photosynthetic electron transfer. Thylakoids were isolated from filaments of N. punctiforme by pneumatic pressure-drop lysis. The activity of photosynthetic enzymes in the isolated thylakoids was analyzed by measuring oxygen evolution activity, fluorescence spectroscopy and ESR spectroscopy. Electron transfer was found functional in both PSII and PSI. Electron transfer measurements in PSII, using diphenylcarbazide as electron donor and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol as electron acceptor, showed that 80% of the PSII centers were active in water oxidn. in the final membrane prepn. Anal. of the membrane protein complexes was made by 2D gel electrophoresis, and identification of representative proteins was made by mass spectrometry. The ATP synthase, several oligomers of PSI, PSII and the NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (NDH)-1L and NDH-1M complexes, were all found in the gels. Some differences were noted compared with previous results from Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Two oligomers of PSII were found, monomeric and dimeric forms, but no CP43-less complexes. Both dimeric and monomeric forms of Cyt b6/f could be obsd. In all, 28 different proteins were identified, of which 25 are transmembrane proteins or membrane associated ones.
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| 4. |
- Havelius, Kajsa G. V., et al.
(författare)
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The formation of the split EPR signal from the S-3 state of Photosystem II does not involve primary charge separation
- 2011
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-2728 .- 1879-2650 .- 0006-3002 .- 1878-2434. ; 1807:1, s. 11-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Metalloradical EPR signals have been found in intact Photosystem II at cryogenic temperatures. They reflect the light-driven formation of the tyrosine Z radical (Y-z(center dot)) in magnetic interaction with the CaMn4 cluster in a particular S state. These so-called split EPR signals, induced at cryogenic temperatures, provide means to study the otherwise transient Y-z(center dot) and to probe the S states with EPR spectroscopy. In the S-0 and S-1 states, the respective split signals are induced by illumination of the sample in the visible light range only. In the S-3 state the split EPR signal is induced irrespective of illumination wavelength within the entire 415-900 nm range (visible and near-IR region) [Su, J. H., Havelius, K. G. V., Ho, F. M., Han, G., Mamedov, F., and Styring, S. (2007) Biochemistry 46. 10703-10712]. An important question is whether a single mechanism can explain the induction of the Split S-3 signal across the entire wavelength range or whether wavelength-dependent mechanisms are required. In this paper we confirm that the Y-z(center dot) radical formation in the S-1 state, reflected in the Split S-1 signal, is driven by P680-centered charge separation. The situation in the S-3 state is different. In Photosystem II centers with pre-reduced quinone A (Q(A)), where the P680-centered charge separation is blocked, the Split S-3 EPR signal could still be induced in the majority of the Photosystem II centers using both visible and NIR (830 nm) light. This shows that P680-centered charge separation is not involved. The amount of oxidized electron donors and reduced electron acceptors (Q(A)(-)) was well correlated after visible light illumination at cryogenic temperatures in the S-1 state. This was not the case in the S-3 state, where the Split S-3 EPR signal was formed in the majority of the centers in a pathway other than P680-centered charge separation. Instead, we propose that one mechanism exists over the entire wavelength interval to drive the formation of the Split S-3 signal. The origin for this, probably involving excitation of one of the Mn ions in the CaMn4 cluster in Photosystem II, is discussed.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Veerman, John, et al.
(författare)
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Functional Heterogeneity of Photosystem II in Domain Specific Regions of the Thylakoid Membrane of Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)
- 2007
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Ingår i: Biochemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0006-2960 .- 1520-4995. ; 46:11, s. 3443-3453
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A mild sonication and phase fractionation method has been used to isolate five regions of the thylakoid membrane in order to characterize the functional lateral heterogeneity of photosynthetic reaction centers and light harvesting complexes. Low-temperature fluorescence and absorbance spectra, absorbance cross-section measurements, and picosecond time-resolved fluorescence decay kinetics were used to determine the relative amounts of photosystem II (PSII) and photosystem I (PSI), to determine the relative PSII antenna size, and to characterize the excited-state dynamics of PSI and PSII in each fraction. Marked progressive increases in the proportion of PSI complexes were observed in the following sequence: grana core (BS), whole grana (B3), margins (MA), stroma lamellae (T3), and purified stromal fraction (Y100). PSII antenna size was drastically reduced in the margins of the grana stack and stroma lamellae fractions as compared to the grana. Picosecond time-resolved fluorescence decay kinetics of PSII were characterized by three exponential decay components in the grana fractions, and were found to have only two decay components with slower lifetimes in the stroma. Results are discussed in the framework of existing models of chloroplast thylakoid membrane lateral heterogeneity and the PSII repair cycle. Kinetic modeling of the PSII fluorescence decay kinetics revealed that PSII populations in the stroma and grana margin fractions possess much slower primary charge separation rates and decreased photosynthetic efficiency when compared to PSII populations in the grana stack.
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| 7. |
- Abrahamsson, M. L. A., et al.
(författare)
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Ruthenium-manganese complexes for artificial photosynthesis : Factors controlling intramolecular electron transfer and excited-state quenching reactions
- 2002
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Ingår i: Inorganic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0020-1669 .- 1520-510X. ; 41:6, s. 1534-1544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Continuing our work toward a system mimicking the electron-transfer steps from manganese to P-680(+) in photosystem II (PS II), we report a series of ruthenium(II)-manganese(II) complexes that display intramolecular electron transfer from manganese(II) to photooxidized ruthenium(III). The electron-transfer rate constant (k(ET)) values span a large range, 1 X 10(5)-2 x 10(7) s(-1), and we have investigated different factors that are responsible for the variation. The reorganization energies determined experimentally (lambda = 1.5-2.0 eV) are larger than expected for solvent reorganization in complexes of similar size in polar solvents (typically lambda approximate to 1.0 eV). This result indicates that the inner reorganization energy is relatively large and, consequently, that at moderate driving force values manganese complexes are not fast donors. Both the type of manganese ligand and the link between the two metals are shown to be of great importance to the electron-transfer rate. In contrast, we show that the quenching of the excited state of the ruthenium(II) moiety by manganese(II) in this series of complexes mainly depends on the distance between the metals. However, by synthetically modifying the sensitizer so that the lowest metal-to-ligand charge transfer state was localized on the nonbridging ruthenium(II) ligands, we could reduce the quenching rate constant in one complex by a factor of 700 without changing the bridging ligand. Still, the manganese(II)-ruthenium (III) electrontransfer rate constant was not reduced. Consequently, the modification resulted in a complex with very favorable properties.
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| 8. |
- Suorsa, Marjaana, et al.
(författare)
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Dark-adapted spinach thylakoid protein heterogeneity offers insights into the photosystem II repair cycle
- 2014
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Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0005-2728 .- 1879-2650. ; 1837:9, s. 1463-1471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In higher plants, thylakoid membrane protein complexes show lateral heterogeneity in their distribution: photosystem (PS) II complexes are mostly located in grana stacks, whereas PSI and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthase are mostly found in the stroma-exposed thylakoids. However, recent research has revealed strong dynamics in distribution of photosystems and their light harvesting antenna along the thylakoid membrane. Here, the dark-adapted spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) thylakoid network was mechanically fragmented and the composition of distinct PSII-related proteins in various thylakoid subdomains was analyzed in order to get more insights into the composition and localization of various PSII subcomplexes and auxiliary proteins during the PSII repair cycle. Most of the PSII subunits followed rather equal distribution with roughly 70% of the proteins located collectively in the grana thylakoids and grana margins; however, the low molecular mass subunits PsbW and PsbX as well as the PsbS proteins were found to be more exclusively located in grana thylakoids. The auxiliary proteins assisting in repair cycle of PSII were mostly located in stroma-exposed thylakoids, with the exception of THYLAKOID LUMEN PROTEIN OF 18.3 (TLP18.3), which was more evenly distributed between the grana and stroma thylakoids. The TL29 protein was present exclusively in grana thylakoids. Intriguingly, PROTON GRADIENT REGULATIONS (PGR5) was found to be distributed quite evenly between grana and stroma thylakoids, whereas PGR5-LIKE PHOTOSYNTHETIC PHENOTYPE1 (PGRL1) was highly enriched in the stroma thylakoids and practically missing from the grana cores. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Photosynthesis Research for Sustainability: Keys to Produce Clean Energy. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Han, Guangye, et al.
(författare)
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Molecular basis for turnover inefficiencies (misses) during water oxidation in photosystem II
- 2022
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Ingår i: Chemical Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2041-6520 .- 2041-6539. ; 13:29, s. 8667-8678
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photosynthesis stores solar light as chemical energy and efficiency of this process isv highly important. The electrons required for CO2 reduction are extracted from water in a reaction driven by light-induced charge separations in the Photosystem II reaction center and catalyzed by the CaMn4O5-cluster. This cyclic process involves five redox intermediates known as the S-0-S-4 states. In this study, we quantify the flash-induced turnover efficiency of each S state by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Measurements were performed in photosystem II membrane preparations from spinach in the presence of an exogenous electron acceptor at selected temperatures between -10 degrees C and +20 degrees C and at flash frequencies of 1.25, 5 and 10 Hz. The results show that at optimal conditions the turnover efficiencies are limited by reactions occurring in the water oxidizing complex, allowing the extraction of their S state dependence and correlating low efficiencies to structural changes and chemical events during the reaction cycle. At temperatures 10 degrees C and below, the highest efficiency (i.e. lowest miss parameter) was found for the S-1 -> S-2 transition, while the S-2 -> S-3 transition was least efficient (highest miss parameter) over the whole temperature range. These electron paramagnetic resonance results were confirmed by measurements of flash-induced oxygen release patterns in thylakoid membranes and are explained on the basis of S state dependent structural changes at the CaMn4O5-cluster that were determined recently by femtosecond X-ray crystallography. Thereby, possible "molecular errors" connected to the e(-) transfer, H+ transfer, H2O binding and O-2 release are identified.
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