| 1. |
- Linton, Steven J., 1952-
(author)
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A case study of the behavioural treatment of chronic stomach pain in a child
- 1986
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In: Behaviour change. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0813-4839 .- 2049-7768. ; 3:1, s. 70-73
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Behavioural treatment of an adolescent girl with chronic stomach pain is described. The client was treated with a broad spectrum behavioural package including applied relaxation and coping skills. Results indicated considerable improvements in ratings of down-time, nausea, health, and mood. Moreover, she was nearly pain-free, and her activity and depression levels were substantially improved. The effects of treatment generalized to the natural environment and were sustained at a 9 month follow-up.
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| 2. |
- Linton, Steven J., 1952-, et al.
(author)
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A controlled study of the effects of applied relaxation and applied relaxation plus operant procedures in the regulation of chronic pain
- 1984
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In: British Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0144-6657 .- 2044-8260. ; 23:4, s. 291-299
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic back/joint pain patients participated in a comparative study of relaxation and operant therapies for chronic pain. Patients were randomly assigned to: a waiting-list control, or to either an applied relaxation, or an applied relaxation plus operant conditioning treatment programme. Waiting patients were subsequently randomly assigned to active treatment. The results indicated that the treatment groups tended to do significantly better than the waiting-list control group for pain, medicine use, activity, and depression, but there were few clear differences between the treatment groups. Applied relaxation plus the operant programme was significantly better than relaxation for medicine reduction, and applied relaxation was better than relaxation and operant conditioning for a patient evaluation of reaching treatment goals. Within-group and single-subject analyses indicated that there were significant improvements between pre- and post-tests for the treatment groups, but not for the waiting-list control group. Follow-up data indicated maintenance, and that applied relaxation had significantly lower pain ratings than applied relaxation plus operant conditioning. Taken as a whole, the results show that applied relaxation can produce significant decreases in pain, and that the addition of an operant programme does not improve pain reductions, but does tend to improve results with activity and especially medicine intake variables.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Linton, Steven J., 1952-, et al.
(author)
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The secondary prevention of low back pain : a controlled study with follow-up
- 1989
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In: Pain. - : Elsevier. - 0304-3959 .- 1872-6623. ; 36:2, s. 197-207
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The current investigation studied the effectiveness of a secondary prevention program for nurses with back pain who were deemed at risk for developing a chronic problem. A 2 × 3 repeated measures design was employed with 2 groups and 3 assessment periods. The treatment group received an intervention designed to reduce current problems, but above all to prevent reinjury and minor pains from becoming chronic medical problems, and it included a physical and behavioral therapy package. The control group was placed on a waiting-list. Results indicated that the treatment group had significantly greater improvements than the control group for pain intensity, anxiety, sleep quality and fatigue ratings, observed pain behavior, activities, mood, and helplessness. These differences were generally maintained at the 6 month follow-up. In addition, the treatment group broke a trend for increasing amounts of pain-related absenteeism, while the control group did not. Taken as a whole, the results suggest that a secondary prevention program aimed at altering life style factors may represent an effective method for dealing with musculoskeletal pain problems.
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