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- Rodriguez, Alina
(författare)
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Predicting health behaviors and health outcomes during pregnancy : A biopsychosocial approach
- 1998
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pregnancy is a major health event. The biomedical perspective alone is unable to predict complications,particularly for nulliparous women. This dissertation takes an integrative approach by using psychosocial,personality, and contextual factors as predictors of health behaviors and outcomes during pregnancy whiletaking biomedical factors into account. Nulliparous, Swedish women were studied longitudinally startingfrom their first prenatal health care visit to postpartum using a repeated measures design. Study I examined smoking and exercise at mid and late pregnancy. Independent of prepregnancybehavior, we found that healthy lifestyle behaviors were predicted by health awareness (moderated bypregnancy adjustment) and by perceived stress (moderated by social support and hostility). Hostility waspositively related to exercise and negatively to smoking. Study II indicated that women reported a widerange of symptoms during gestational week 28, however, only a small portion of these symptoms weredocumented in the medical record. Self-reported symptoms were moderately correlated to psychosocial andpersonality factors. Social support and biomedical factors accounted for the number of symptomsdocumented in the medical record to a similar extent as, and independent of, self-reports. Self-reportedsymptoms subsequently predicted various forms of medical care utilization, while documented symptomspredicted some delivery and neonatal outcomes. Study III examined the antecedents and consequences ofperceived health while holding medical risk factors constant. Social support, negative affect, and stresspredicted medically relevant symptoms, which in turn, and in conjunction with pregnancy adjustment,predicted perceived health. Perceived health accounted for subsequent medial care utilization, i.e. numberof visits to an obstetrician, which in turn was associated with emergency room visits. Stress predictedemergency room visits. The present research highlights the interplay between psychosocial, personality,contextual and biomedical factors as they relate to health behaviors and to understudied health outcomesduring pregnancy.
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| 2. |
- Nordenmark, Mikael
(författare)
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Unemployment, Employment Commitment and Well-being : The Psychosocial Meaning of (Un)employment among Women and Men
- 1999
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general aim of this thesis is to study the psychosocial meaning of (un)employment among women and men. This is mainly done by analysing employment commitment, or non-financial employment motivation, and mental well-being among a random sample of 3 500 Swedes that were interviewed in the beginning of 1996, when all were unemployed, and then again in the end of 1997, when the labour market situation varied. In general, the results from this study support the unemployment studies that have emphasised the importance of employment for the possibility to create and maintain a satisfactory life situation.
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| 3. |
- Gerdner, Arne
(författare)
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Alkohol och Drog Diagnos InStrument - ADDIS
- 1998
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Ingår i: BIB 1998. - Stockholm : Statens institutionsstyr. (SiS). ; , s. 140-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Beskrivning, användning, tillförlitlighet och normer
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| 4. |
- Gerdner, Arne
(författare)
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TCI - Ett personlighetsinventorium
- 1998
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Ingår i: Dubbel trubbel. - Örebro : Behandlingshemmet Runnagården. - 9163070944 ; , s. 202-
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Hochwälder, Jacek
(författare)
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On stability of the structure of implicit personality theory over situations.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - 0036-5564. ; 36:4, s. 386-398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the present study, the following (hitherto unaddressed) question was posed: "Is the structure of implicit personality theory stable over situations?". In order to answer this question, correlation coefficients were computed between different aspects of two trait-structures obtained under different situational conditions. The results seem to indicate that the structure of IPT is stable over situations. The results are discussed in the light of some methodological considerations.
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| 10. |
- Hofman-Bang, Claes, et al.
(författare)
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Two year results of a controlled study of a residential rehabilitation for patients treated with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty : A randomized study of a multifactorial programme
- 1999
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 20:20, s. 1465-1474
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims In a multifactorial lifestyle behaviour programme, of 2 years duration, to study the maintenance of achieved behaviour and risk factor-related changes. Methods and Results Out of a consecutive population of 151 patients treated with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty under 65 years of age, 87 were randomly allocated to an intervention group (n=46) or to a control group (n=41). The programme started with a 4 week residential stay, which was focused on health education and the achievement of behaviour change. During the first year of follow-up, a maintenance programme included regular contacts with a nurse, while no further rehabilitative efforts were offered during the second year. One patient died (control). During the second year the proportion of hospitalized patients was lower in the intervention group (4% vs 20%;P<0·05). Patients in the intervention group improved several lifestyle dependent behaviours: diet (index at 0, 12 and 24 months): 10·5±3·4, 12·9±2·5 and 12·4±2·6 in the intervention group (I) vs 10·1±3·2, 10·7±3·0 and 11·8±3·2 in the control group (C);P<0·05, exercise sessions per week: 2·5±2·3, 4·5±1·9 and 4·4±2·1 (I) vs 3·1±2·2, 3·5±2·3 and 3·7±2·7 (C);P<0·05, and smoking; 18%, 6% and 9% (I) vs 12%, 21% and 18% (C);P<0·05. This corresponded to improvement in exercise capacity (0, 12 and 24 months): 156±42, 174±49 and 165±47W (I) vs 164±40, 163±49 and 156±48 watts (C);P<0·05. There were no significant differences between the two groups with regard to serum cholesterol levels at 0 and 24 months: 5·4±0·8 and 5·2±0·9mmol.l–1(I) vs 5·4±1·0 and 4·9±0·9mmol.l–1(C); ns, low density lipoprotein cholesterol level: 3·6±0·8 and 3·4±0·8mmol.l–1(I) vs 3·7±0·9 and 3·3±0·7mmol.l–1(C); ns, triglyceride level: 2·2±1·6 and 1·8±1·3mmol.l–1(I) vs 2·2±1·4 and 1·6±0·6mmol.l–1(C); ns, body mass index (0, 12 and 24 months): 27·5±4·5, 27·0±4·3 and 27·4± 4·5kg.m–2(I) vs 26·8±2·8, 26·9±2·7 and 26·9± 3·2kg.m–2(C); ns, waist/hip ratio or blood pressure. The two groups did not differ in quality of life, or psychological factors. Return to work after 12 and 24 months was 74% and 78% (I) vs 68% and 61% (C); ns. Conclusion This rehabilitation programme influenced important lifestyle behaviour and reduced some, but not all, important risk factors Key Words: Rehabilitation, risk factors
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