| 1. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer Aided Participatory Planning
- 1990
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Ingår i: Ergonomics of Hybrid Automated Systems II. ; , s. 69-76
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A computer aided action research method for design of work places is presented. A project group of researchers, managers, union representatives, supervisors, shop-floor workers and representatives from the health-and-safety department analyse different aspects of the physical and organizational work environment. Factory layouts and the flow of raw materials and goods, truck routes and overhead crane movements are shown on a computer screen by means of simulation and animation techniques. Field studies at four companies strongly suggest that the animation helps the members in the project group to develop a common language and to better comprehend what a future factory design and work organization would look like.
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| 2. |
- Akselsson, Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Computer Aided Planning of Production and Working Environment
- 1994
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Ingår i: Human Factors in Organizational Design and Management -IV. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. ; , s. 499-504, s. 499-504
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Success of design projects depends on their quality from a technical and economic point of view and on the quality of their implementation and use. This paper discusses a computer aided planning (CAP) technique and its applicability and quality in both these respects. One version of the CAP-technique is developed for planning of industrial working environments and another version for planning of residential and working environments for physically handicapped.
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| 3. |
- Bengtsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Computer-Aided Planning of Production, Working and Residential Environments
- 1996
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Ingår i: International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0169-8141 .- 1872-8219. ; 17:1, s. 59-68
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper discusses a computer-aided planning methodology and its applicability for planning of industrial production and working environments as well as for planning of residential and working environments for the differently abled. The methodology has been developed and evaluated in six case studies in mechanical industries and in six case studies related to adaptations for the differently abled. The results from the case studies indicate that computer-supported modelling and visualisation may serve as a common and efficient language facilitating communication about multifaceted environmental planning issues. The methodology is a cost-effective way of demonstrating layout ideas and testing dynamic activities like manufacturing and transportation. Corporate groups comprising people involved in, or affected by, development work seem to be a fruitful approach for cooperation, one which enhances learning and creativity. Such groups may be a proper forum for the dissemination of information, exchange of opinions, utilisation of both expert and lay experiences, and for public testing of current reality or future plans in such a way that mutual understanding between different professional categories is increased, hence promoting internal commitment.
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| 4. |
- Bengtsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Cooperation in Planning of Production and Working Environments Supported by Computer Graphics
- 1996
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Human Factors in Manufacturing. - 1045-2699. ; 6:2, s. 101-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodology for studying change processes in working life combining computer-aided planning and cooperation in project groups is evaluated. The methodology is applied and studied in a planning workshop with representatives from manufacturing industries—managers, production engineers, supervisors as well as shop floor workers—and from health-and-safety agencies utilizing the methodology for planning of production, layout, and working environment. The results are presented and discussed with respect to cooperation in project groups, outline of proposals, topics of discussion, and pictures as planning tools.
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| 5. |
- Bengtsson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Planning Working Environment and Production by Using Paper Drawings and Computer Animation
- 1997
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Ingår i: Ergonomics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0014-0139 .- 1366-5847. ; 40:3, s. 334-347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is assumed that pictorial visualization can be used to facilitate communication between industrial professionals when planning working environments and production. This article analyses how managers, supervisors, machine operators, and occupational health and safety officials, accustomed to using both paper drawings and computer animation of both shop floor and workplace view, evaluate these four types of visualization in relation to a set of planning issues. Twenty-four subjects participated in a controlled two-day planning workshop. They designed a new production layout by means of computer graphics, and responded to a questionnaire. From the analysis it may be concluded that the four types of visualization are unique enough to be evaluated differently with regard to some of the planning issues. Hence, great care should be devoted to analysing what features a visualization of a production layout or a working environment aims at illustrating. Furthermore, it can be concluded that each of the four types of visualization seems to be significant for planning activities in ways that can be anticipated. Shop floor view and workplace view is valuable for planning issues related to survey of a plant and specific machines, respectively. Computer animation is in general preferable to a paper drawing concerning dynamic planning issues. Computer animation of workplace view is valuable for planning issues related to working environment considerations. All of the four types of visualization are less significant for illustrating or describing physical factors of the working environment.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Johansson, Curt R, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic Description with Computer Supported Pictures
- 1994
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- A methodology was developed and tested in six case studies at four medium-sized manufacturing companies within the machine engineering industry. Existing and planned work environments and production processes were described with the aid of computer-generated pictures. The pictures were used within the framework of an action research methodology in which managers and those employees affected, together with trade unions and company health care representatives, cooperated to establish the preconditions for improved planning from the point of view of both productivity and work environment. The picture methodology using animated pictures, developed to create and present two- and three-dimensional views of a computer model with manipulable objects, was tested both in a workshop with 20 participants from manufacturing companies and corporate health care and in an experimental study with 30 psychology students as experimental subjects. At a Community College with an artistic bet, the way in which different groups within the college described its organization with the aid of pictures and symbols was studied.
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