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Träfflista för sökning "AMNE:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Psykologi) srt2:(1990-1999);pers:(Kerr Margaret)"

Sökning: AMNE:(SAMHÄLLSVETENSKAP Psykologi) > (1990-1999) > Kerr Margaret

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1.
  • Bowen, Francois, et al. (författare)
  • Childhood internalizing problems : prediction from kindergarten, effect of maternal overprotectiveness, and sex differences
  • 1995
  • Ingår i: Development and psychopathology (Print). - : Cambridge University Press. - 0954-5794 .- 1469-2198. ; 7:3, s. 481-498
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Used kindergarten teacher-rated anxiety-withdrawal, peer-rated popularity and shyness, and mother-rated adaptability to predict 5th-grade teacher-, peer-, and self-rated internalizing problems in 144 boys and 125 girls. The effect of maternal overprotectiveness (OP) as a moderator between kindergarten variables and 5th-grade outcomes was also examined. Kindergarten peer-rated low popularity was the best predictor of later internalizing problems for boys and girls, followed by peer-rated shyness for boys and teacher-rated anxiety-withdrawal for girls. Moderating effects of maternal OP were found only for boys. Maternal OP moderated the relation between kindergarten popularity and teacher-rated anxiety-withdrawal and 5th-grade teacher-rated anxiety-withdrawal for boys. Unpopular, anxious-withdrawn boys were more likely to be seen later by their teachers as anxious-withdrawn if their mothers were nonoverprotective.
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2.
  • Gilovich, Thomas, et al. (författare)
  • Effect of temporal perspective on subjective confidence
  • 1993
  • Ingår i: Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0022-3514 .- 1939-1315. ; 64:4, s. 552-560
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Four studies examined whether people tend to lose confidence in their prospects for success the closer they are to the moment of truth. Study 1 found that students think they will do better on their midterm exams when asked on the 1st day of class than when asked on the day of the exam. Studies 2 and 4 replicated this finding under controlled conditions. Study 3 demonstrated that the same effect holds retrospectively: People are more confident that they would have performed well at a task long after the time to perform has passed. Data are presented indicating that these results stem from a tendency for people to feel more accountable for their assessments, and thus focus less on the causes of success and more on the causes of failure, as the time to perform approaches. Implications for the experience of regret are discussed.
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3.
  • Kerr, Margaret, et al. (författare)
  • Boys' behavioral inhibition and the risk of later delinquency
  • 1997
  • Ingår i: Archives of General Psychiatry. - 0003-990X .- 1538-3636. ; 54:9, s. 809-816
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Used longitudinal data to test 3 hypotheses: that behavioral inhibition (BI) is a protective factor in the development of delinquency (DL), whereas social withdrawal (SD) is not; that comorbidity of SD and aggression are associated with negative outcomes, whereas comorbidity of BI and aggression is not; and BI might put children at greater risk for later depressive symptoms (DS). Ss were 778 boys (aged 10 yrs) who were studied until age 15. Peer ratings from the Pupil Evaluation Inventory were used to classify Ss on disruptiveness, BI, and SD for ages 10, 11, and 12. Self-reported DS from the Children's Depression Inventory at age 15 was used as the measure of DS, and self-reports of behavior during 1-yr periods prior to the 13-, 14-, and 15-yr assessments were used as the measure of DL. The first 2 hypotheses were supported. Disruptive profiles that did not include BI were significantly linked to outcome profiles that included DL, whereas profiles including BI were not. There was no trade-off between protection against DL and risk for DS. Comorbid disruptiveness and BI and comorbid disruptiveness and SD were linked to different outcomes. The outcomes were different for Ss with BI and SD depending on whether they were disruptive.
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5.
  • Kerr, Margaret, et al. (författare)
  • Life course sequelae of childhood shyness in Sweden : comparison with the United States
  • 1996
  • Ingår i: Developmental Psychology. - : American Psychological Association (APA). - 0012-1649 .- 1939-0599. ; 32:6, s. 1100-1105
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Using data from a Swedish longitudinal project, we predicted timing of marriage and parenthood and age-35 career success from mother-rated shyness in 8–10 year old children. Results are compared with those previously found for Americans. Like shy American boys, shy Swedish boys married and became fathers later than nonshy boys. Unlike American boys, Swedish boys' adult careers were not affected by shyness. Like shy American girls, shy Swedish girls later married and became mothers at the same time as their peers. However, they also attained lower levels of education than nonshy girls. Results suggest that the life consequences of shyness depend upon its culturally defined gender and situation appropriateness.
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6.
  • Kerr, Margaret, et al. (författare)
  • Stability of inhibition in a Swedish longitudinal sample
  • 1994
  • Ingår i: Child Development. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0009-3920 .- 1467-8624. ; 65:1, s. 138-146
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Examined whether inhibition should be considered a trait dimension, or whether those who manifest extreme inhibition constitute a discrete personality type. Also examined was whether there are sex differences in stability of inhibition. These questions were addressed using mothers' ratings over 16 yrs and psychologists' ratings over 6 yrs of a longitudinal sample. Ss were 212 children (122 boys and 90 girls). From the mean of mothers' 18- and 24-mo ratings and the mean of psychologists' 18- and 24-mo ratings, later ratings through 16 yrs were predicted. Analyses were performed for children constituting the extreme 10-15% from each end of the distribution and then for children not rated as extreme. Ratings were more stable for children in the extreme groups than for those in the nonextreme groups through 6 yrs; however, only for the inhibited girls did early inhibition predict inhibition into adolescence.
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7.
  • Kerr, Margaret, et al. (författare)
  • To know you is to trust you : parents' trust is rooted in child disclosure of information
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - Amsterdam : Elsevier Science. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 22:6, s. 737-752
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Proposed that parental trust is primarily based on knowledge. In this study, 3 types of knowledge of the child were pitted against each other in the prediction of parental trust: knowledge of feelings and concerns; of past delinquency; and of daily activities. Ss were 1,186 14 yr olds and their parents. Results showed that knowledge of daily activities was more important than knowledge of past delinquency. In further analyses, knowledge of daily activities that came from the child's spontaneous disclosure was most closely linked to parental trust. These findings add support to a recent reinterpretation of parental "monitoring" as parental knowledge that mainly comes from spontaneous child disclosure. Additionally, the role of parental trust for dysfunctional family relations was examined and it was found that the relations between the child's delinquency and family dysfunction were mediated by parental trust. Finally, even though there was substantial agreement between parents and children about parental trust in the child, the individual's unique perspectives were important. Family dysfunction from the child's perspective was based on whether they believed that their parents trusted them, and parent perceptions of family dysfunction were based on their own trust in the child.
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8.
  • Noack, P., et al. (författare)
  • Family relations in adolescence
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Journal of Adolescence. - : Elsevier BV. - 0140-1971 .- 1095-9254. ; 22:6, s. 713-717
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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9.
  • Pagani, Linda, et al. (författare)
  • The impact of family transition on the development of delinquency in adolescent boys : a 9-year longitudinal study
  • 1998
  • Ingår i: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. - Oxford : Wiley. - 0021-9630 .- 1469-7610. ; 39:4, s. 489-499
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Examined prospectively the impact of family transition on deviant development in a sample of 427 French-Canadian boys participating in a longitudinal study from kindergarten onwards. During the course of the study some boys experienced family transition. The boys were grouped by developmental period and number of marital transitions they experienced: divorced between ages 6-11; divorced between ages 12-15; remarried between ages 6-11; and remarried between ages 12-15. From ages 11-15 the author's assessed boys' delinquency and their family processes (parental supervision, punishment, and communication) annually. The results suggest that boys who experienced remarriage between ages 12-15 are at greater risk for delinquency. In particular, they showed evidence of comparatively more theft and fighting at earlier ages than their peers from families that had remained intact. At similar points in development, they perceived less expressive parent-child relationships. Finally, these boys also perceived less monitoring by their parents, both overall and at different points in adolescence.
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10.
  • Stattin, Håkan, et al. (författare)
  • Future directions and challenges in the study of morningness-eveningness
  • 1999
  • Ingår i: Human Development. - : S. Karger AG. - 0018-716X .- 1423-0054. ; 42:4, s. 199-205
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Comments on article by L. F. Cofer et al (see record 1999-11379-001) on future directions and challenges in the study of morningness-eveningness. These authors commend Cofer et al's discussion and dynamic systems view of development. However, they suggest several basic theoretical issues that should be addressed in regard to what mechanisms should be established by the individual. They suggest more empirical research is needed to detail how different factors interact pre- and postnatally. These authors also point out the matter of interpretation of the empirical data presented in Cofer et al's study.
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