| 1. |
- Söderholm, Patrik, 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Technological development for sustainability : The role of network management in the innovation policy mix
- 2019
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 138, s. 309-323
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the key role of actor networks in progressing new sustainable technologies, there is a shortage of conceptual knowledge on how policy can help strengthen collaborative practices in such networks. The objective of this paper is to analyze the roles of such policies – so-called network management – throughout the entire technological development processes. The analysis draws on the public management and sustainability transitions literatures, and discusses how various network characteristics could affect the development of sustainable technologies, including how different categories of network management strategies could be deployed to influence actor collaborations. The paper's main contribution is an analytical framework that addresses the changing roles of network management at the interface between various phases of the technological development process, illustrated with the empirical case of advanced biorefinery technology development in Sweden. Furthermore, the analysis also addresses some challenges that policy makers are likely to encounter when pursuing network management strategies, and identifies a number of negative consequences of ignoring such instruments in the innovation policy mix. The latter include inefficient actor role-taking, the emergence of small, ineffective and competing actor networks in similar technological fields, and a shortage of interpretative knowledge.
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| 2. |
- Hellsmark, Hans, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Innovation System Strengths and Weaknesses in Progressing Sustainable Technology : The Case of Swedish Biorefinery Development
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier BV. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 131, s. 702-715
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Based on the combination of economic challenges and uncertain policy conditions in the United States, European Union, and elsewhere, the development of advanced biorefineries has progressed slower than anticipated. This has delayed the transition to a more sustainable and less carbon-intensive economy. In this article, we adopt the technological innovation system (TIS) approach to analyze advanced biorefinery development in Sweden, a front-runner country in current development. The analysis highlights a number of system strengths (e.g., long-term research funding; significant research infrastructure; strong actor networks) that have contributed to developing the Swedish TIS, but also important system weaknesses (e.g., weak coordination among ministries; lack of industrial absorptive capacity; unclear roles) inhibiting it. The article highlights a combination of four policy measures that build on the system strengths to address the system weaknesses: (a) the implementation of a deployment policy for creating domestic niche markets; (b) improved policy timing and more structured coordination among different governmental agencies; (c) the provision of stronger incentives for mature industries to invest in R&D and improve their absorptive capacity; and (d) improved organization and financing of existing research infrastructure. In addition to the empirical contribution, the article contributes with novel insights into the TIS framework by highlighting the dynamics between system strengths and weaknesses, and suggests that system strengths should be better emphasized in future TIS studies
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| 3. |
- Mossberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Managerial and organizational challenges encountered in the development of sustainable technology : Analysis of Swedish biorefinery pilot and demonstration plants
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Cleaner Production. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0959-6526 .- 1879-1786. ; 276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pilot and demonstration plants (PDPs) perform critical tasks in the development of new sustainable technology by bridging basic knowledge generation and large-scale commercialization. Significant private and public funding has therefore been allocated to PDPs addressing climate change, pollution abatement technology and/or increased resource efficiency. After technology verification, PDPs typically struggle with evolving objectives, and reports of stalled or delayed development are common. Key problems may center on technical difficulties, but challenges of a non-technical nature are equally important, not least for the development of clean technology. This paper draws on a longitudinal case study of four PDPs used for advanced biorefinery technology development in Sweden and delineates the key managerial and organizational challenges that arise in and around such plants. By taking the actor networks around PDPs as the main unit of analysis, this paper gives a detailed description of various challenges, such as the division of responsibility for the operation and ownership of the PDPs, unclear roles and objectives, and the lack of specific competences and resources in the actor networks. One important conclusion is that improved knowledge about such challenges should increase the resilience of actor networks in and around PDPs, and also help shorten the formative phase of developing sustainable technology. © 2020 The Authors
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| 4. |
- Hellsmark, Hans, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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The Role of Pilot and Demonstration Plants in Technology Development and Innovation Policy
- 2016
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Ingår i: Research Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-7333 .- 1873-7625. ; 45:9, s. 1743-1761
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pilot- and demonstration plants (PDPs) represent bridges between generating basic knowledge and technological breakthroughs on the one hand, and industrial applications and commercial adoption on the other. This paper reports on a longitudinal study of how two technological fields that received significant public funding evolved—biochemical conversion of biomass and thermal conversion of black liquor. In doing so, this study makes two contributions. First, it provides a framework for analyzing the roles of various types of PDPs in developing new technology. The framework highlights the learning processes taking place at and around these plants and how they contribute to reducing different types of risks. It also elaborates on the importance of actor networks and institutional preconditions, and how both network performance and institutions can be influenced through various strategies. Second, the article contributes with new insights into the challenges of innovation policy in a PDP context. A policy mix is often required because policy cannot be considered meaningfully at a single level of government and will therefore be influenced heavily by limited foresight and politics (both nationally and locally). Therefore, policy must address both the need for parallel and iterative public funding of R&D and different types of plants, as well as attempts to directly influence collaborative processes in actor networks.
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| 5. |
- Ejdemo, Thomas, et al.
(författare)
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Möjligheter och hinder för en grön energiomställning : erfarenheter från andra regioner med lärdomar för Norrbotten
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport har tagits fram inom ramen för projektet Gröna energiinvesteringar som finan-sieras av Europeiska regionala utvecklingsfonden, Region Norrbotten, Länsstyrelsen i Norr-bottens län och Energimyndigheten. Projektet har drivits av Energikontor Norr i samverkan med Luleå tekniska universitet (Energiteknik, Nationalekonomi samt Entreprenörskap och Innovation) och Företagarna Norrbotten.Syftet med rapporten är att (a) öka förståelsen för de mervärden som kan uppstå regionalt och lokalt av en omställning av energisystemet och vilka hinder som kan finnas för en sådan omställning; samt att (b) identifiera olika former av strategier, styrmedel och affärsmodeller som kan bidra till realiserandet av nya hållbara energillösningar. Detta åstadkoms genom att konsultera och syntetisera relevanta erfarenheter från tidigare energiomställningsprocesser, samt genom att diskutera förutsättningarna för en sådan omställning i Norrbotten.Rapporten innehåller tre huvudsakliga delar. Den första delen är generell och baseras på erfarenheter och lärdomar från andra regioner och länder. Här diskuteras hinder för hållbara energiprojekt, med fokus på betydelsen av goda finansieringsmöjligheter, förutsättningar för etablerandet av ny teknologi samt hinder i form av sociala konstruktioner såsom stereotypa föreställningar om kön, etnicitet etc. En fallstudie av de hinder som kan försvåra ett ökat utnyttjande av industriell överskottsvärme belyser en rad faktorer som är viktiga att hantera i många former av samverkansprojekt på energiområdet. Den första delen av rapporten beskriver också hur hållbara energiprojekt kan bidra till regional ekonomisk utveckling, och identifierar vilka faktorer som påverkar hur stora dessa effekter kan bli. En viktig lärdom är att positiva spridningseffekter på den lokala ekonomin inte alltid sker automatiskt; olika åtgärder och strategier för att förstärka dessa effekter är ofta viktiga. Därför diskuteras även ett antal sådana strategier, t.ex. fondlösningar, lokalt ägande, gräsrotsfinansiering, samt olika strategier som syftar till att aktivt stärka de aktörsnätverk som behöver växa fram kring de nya projekten.Rapportens andra del vänder blicken mot Norrbotten, och diskuterar förutsättningarna för att en hållbar energiomställning med betydande mervärden för den ekonomiska utvecklingen kan åstadkommas i länet. Dessa förutsättningar beskrivs med utgångspunkt i de existerande strategier som finns för att stimulera regional ekonomisk tillväxt; en gemensam nämnare för dessa är att de pekar på möjligheterna att förena regionala tillväxtmål med en hållbar energiomställning. Här diskuteras även de regionala förutsättningarna för inkluderande, inte minst jämställd, innovation i länet.I rapportens tredje och avslutande del sammanfattas de viktigaste lärdomarna från rapporten. Här tydliggörs relevansen av de tidigare erfarenheterna och lärdomarna för det regionala sammanhanget, och vi diskuterar, med utgångspunkt i intervjuer av projektägare, erfarenheter rörande hinder, mervärden, strategier etc. från sju olika energiprojekt som följts och studerats i projektet Gröna energiinvesteringar. I ett avslutande kapitel lyfts ett antal viktiga lärdomar och rekommendationer för det fortsatta energiomställningsarbetet i länet fram.
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| 6. |
- Hedeler, Barbara, 1991, et al.
(författare)
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Policy mixes and policy feedback: Implications for green industrial growth in the Swedish biofuels industry
- 2023
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 173
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In recent years, innovation systems scholars have advanced the understanding of the evolution of industries around renewable energy technologies as well as the role of policy feedback (and indeed politics) surrounding the development of domestic green industrial development policies. To take a step towards combining these literature streams, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of policy mixes and policy feedback in the emergence of domestic green industries. This is achieved in the empirical case of biofuels in Sweden, and the findings show that policy feedback dynamics created difficulties in aligning the national policy mix with the technology and industrial developments in the country. The resulting political uncertainty predominantly hampered the scaling up of domestic production capacity, while R&D and import of biofuels instead could grow strong. Based on this empirical case, a process model is developed to explain the role of policy feedback in the development of domestic industries, thus demonstrating how the growth of domestic industries is driven by the interplay of policy effects and various feedback processes. The findings suggest that future research into the role of policies in “green” domestic industry growth should devote more attention to the dynamics driving the co-evolution of policy, technology and industry structures.
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| 7. |
- Kurkkio, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Mapping the Nordic mining and metal industry : for the purpose of enhancing and developing its innovative capability
- 2014
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- First, a descriptive overview of the Nordic mining and metal industry is provided. It shows that thereare a number of disparities among the firms in theNordic mining and metal industry, but there are alsomany similarities. Finland and Sweden both havewell-developed mining and metal industries. The geo-logical conditions are comparable and, consequently,production and outlook are in the main relativelysimilar for firms producing minerals and metals.Norway’s mineral and metal production mostlyconsists of industrial minerals, the potential of whichis promising. Greenland has great potential in its newmineral deposits. However, there are several challenges(e.g. difficulties in accessing the new mineral deposits,and problems related to infrastructure and a shortageof skilled workers) which need to be overcomebefore the mineral deposits can be explored.Key challenges for innovation have been identifiedand categorised into (a) specific challenges for keyactors and (b) cross-border challenges involvingseveral groups of producing firms in the Nordicmining and metal industry. The major innovationchallenges specific to the mining companies arein-creased production costs,atraditional and conservativemind-setanda short-term focus on exploration.Majorinnovation challenges for the metal producers areprimarilyold production plants and technology, low profitmargins and lack of employees with the right type of skills.The equipment suppliers’ foremost challenges arethe difficulties ofconducting experiments and testsandgaining access to the right type of knowledge.The analysisshows thatdemand for sustainable mining, difficultiesrelated to the exploration of new mineral deposits, a conserv-ative attitude towards innovation in the mining industry,global competition and procurement methods that emphasisepure cost concerns and the absence of pilot and demonstra-tion plantsare at this time the foremost cross-borderchallenges for innovation within the Nordic miningand metal industry.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Mossberg, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Challenges of sustainable industrial transformation : Swedish biorefinery development and incumbents in the emerging biofuels industry
- 2021
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Ingår i: Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining. - : John Wiley and Sons Ltd. - 1932-104X .- 1932-1031. ; 15:5, s. 1264-1280
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the transformation challenges related to incumbent industries caused by technology development and industry convergence in the transition to a bioeconomy in the context of Swedish biorefinery development. It involves the emergence of new value chains and several incumbent industries such as the pulp and paper industry, the oil refinery sector, the chemical process industry, and the heat and power sector. In 2019, Sweden had Europe's largest share of biofuels in the transport sector, roughly 20% on an energy basis, and this share has increased by around 300% during the last decade. At the same time, domestic production has stalled, and even though Sweden has beneficial conditions for biofuel production, the share of biofuel that is imported or based on imported feedstock has recently ranged between 85% and 90%. We discuss three transformation challenges: (i) inertia and lack of absorptive capacity creating lock-in effects at the organizational level; (ii) weak and inefficient actor networks at the industry level; and (iii) contradictory policy instrument mixes and lack of coordination at the government level. The findings underscore the need for policy integration and alignment across various policy domains, and an increased focus on policy mixes that can stimulate the emergence of more disruptive innovations and value chains. There is also a need for industrial initiatives, such as improving absorptive capacity and strengthening actor networks, to help build the value chains needed to realize a sustainable bioeconomy.
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| 10. |
- Kuylenstierna, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatpolitiska rådets rapport 2021
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Denna rapport utgör Klimatpolitiska rådets utvärdering av regeringens samlade politik under år 2020 i förhållande till de klimatmål som riksdagen och regeringen har beslutat. Den innehåller också en övergripande bild av utsläppsutvecklingen och en uppföljning av regeringensklimatpolitiska handlingsplan liksom av regeringens klimatredovisning till riksdagen.Den förda politiken har under det senaste året starkt präglats av den pågående pandemin. Hur samhället förmår möta coronakrisen och dess långsiktiga ekonomiska och sociala effekter påverkar på flera sätt förutsättningarna för att hantera klimatomställningen. Klimatpolitiska rådet har därförvalt att i årets rapport ha ett särskilt fokus på regeringens politik under coronakrisen och hur kris och återhämtningspolitiken påverkar möjligheterna att uppnå de klimatpolitiska målen.När slutsatserna och rekommendationerna i denna rapport presenteras pågår pandeminfortfarande. Ännu finns ingen slutgiltig bild av de många skeenden, samband och följder som är relevanta i sammanhanget, men många viktiga politiska beslut kopplade till coronakrisen och dess följdverkningar behöver fattas nu och under den närmaste tiden. Att Klimatpolitiska rådetpresenterar denna rapport om krisen redan nu är i linje med rådets ambition att bidra medrelevanta och användbara beslutsunderlag för regering och riksdag.Rapporten innehåller både slutsatser om de förda politiken och ett antal rekommendationer till regeringen för att bättre tillvarata det möjlighetsfönster som Coronakrisen skapat.
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