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- Elmstahl, S., et al.
(författare)
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Hydrotherapy of patients with intermittent claudication : A novel approach to improve systolic ankle pressure and reduce symptoms
- 1995
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Ingår i: International Angiology. - 0392-9590. ; 14:4, s. 389-394
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To study the effects of alternating cold and hot water therapy on walking ability and systolic blood pressure in claudicants. Experimental design. A prospective case study with repeated measurements before and 1, 4 and 12 months after treatment. The systolic blood pressure levels were measured with an occlusion cuff for brachial and ankle and with a strain gauge for the first toe. Study population. Twenty consecutively included patients, 11 women and 9 men; mean age 73.9 yrs, with intermittent claudication according to clinical examination and ankle-arm systolic blood pressure (AAI) below 0.90. Intervention. Alternate hot and cold hydrotherapy of the legs were given at ten 25-minute treatments during a three-week period. The outcome measures were maximal walking ability (MW), walking ability before pain (PW) and systolic blood pressures of toe, ankle, arm and AAI. Results. Fourtheen patients (70%) reported reduced pain after treatment and their PW increased from 134 ± 29 m to 415 ± 119 m 12 months later (p < 0.05) and the MW in the total group increased form 348 ± 75 m to 523 ± 103 m. Systolic blood pressure increased in right ankle and toe one month after treatment in the total group. Among those who reported improved walking ability one year after treatment, systolic blood pressure in both right and left ankles and toes increased; e.g. right toe increasing from 72 ± 7 to 86 ± 2 (p < 0.001). Improvements of systolic blood pressure in left and right leg and changes of walking ability were correlated, in the order of 0.60 to 0.81, p < 0.05. Conclusions. Showering the legs of claudicants improved walking ability and blood pressures which sustained up to 1-year later. This therapy might be an additional alternative to conservative treatment of intermittent claudication.
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- Lexell, Jan
(författare)
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Human aging, muscle mass, and fiber type composition
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journals of Gerontology. Series A: Biological Sciences & Medical Sciences. - 1758-535X .- 1079-5006. ; 50, s. 11-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To assess the age-related loss of muscle mass and to determine the mechanisms behind this aging atrophy, the muscle structure and fiber type composition have been estimated, using invasive and noninvasive techniques. Limb muscles from older men and women are 25-35% smaller and have significantly more fat and connective tissue than limb muscles from younger individuals. Comparisons of muscle biopsies from younger and older individuals reveal that type 2 (fast-twitch) fibers are smaller in the old, while the size of type 1 (slow-twitch) fibers is much less affected. Studies of whole muscle cross sections also show a significantly smaller number of muscle fibers, a significantly lower relative type 2 fiber area, and a significant increase in fiber type grouping with increasing age. These results indicate a gradual decrease in size/volume with advancing age, accompanied by a replacement by fat and connective tissue. This aging atrophy seems to be due to a reduction in both number and size of muscle fibers, mainly of type 2, and is to some extent caused by a slowly progressive neurogenic process.
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