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- Armelius, Bengt-Åke, 1944-, et al.
(författare)
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Personality organization defined by DMT and the structural interview
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. - : Wiley. - 0036-5564 .- 1467-9450. ; 31:2, s. 81-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The psychoanalytic concept of Personality Organization (PO) may be operationalized by means of a Structural Interview as well as by means of psychological tests. The present study utilized the Structural Interview and a projective test called the Defence Mechanism Test (DMT) to operationalize the PO concept on a sample of 50 psychiatric inpatients. The reliability of the PO judgements were found to be acceptable for both the Structural Interview and the DMT. The validity, which was estimated as the correlation between the two methods, was also found to be substantial. The conclusion is that the concept of PO may be reliably operationalized for psychiatric patients and seems to have concurrent validity. Both the DMT and the Structural Interview may be used for differential diagnosis of PO.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Decety, Jean, et al.
(författare)
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The cerebellum participates in mental activity : tomographic measurements of regional cerebral blood flow
- 1990
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Ingår i: Brain Research. - 0006-8993 .- 1872-6240. ; 535:2, s. 313-317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Measurements in man of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) have demonstrated a number of cortical and subcortical events coupled to sensory stimulation or motor performance. It has also been shown that local activity changes take place in the cortex during 'pure' mental activity such as motor imagery (unaccompanied by sensory input or motor output). Thus, our group has previously shown that imagination of hand movements gives predominantly a frontal cortical rCBF activation while the corresponding hand movement activates the rolandic hand area mainly. In this paper we report tomographic rCBF measurements with a 133-Xenon SPECT technique during imagined tennis movements and silent counting. Both procedures gave rise to a significant cerebellar activation in addition to cortical rCBF changes. Apparently, the cerebellum may participate in pure mental activity. It possibly plays a role for the temporal organization of neuronal events related to cognition.
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| 5. |
- Stenberg, Georg, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Attention and personality in augmenting/reducing of visual evoked potentials
- 1990
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Ingår i: Personality and Individual Differences. - 0191-8869 .- 1873-3549. ; 11:12, s. 1243-1254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Earlier research has shown that extraverts tend to increase their visual evoked potential amplitudes with increasing light intensity (augmenting), while introverts reach their maximum amplitude at lower intensities (reducing). The evoked response has normally been measured from association areas of the brain (at the vertex). The present study measured VEP amplitudes over visual cortex and at the vertex, using four light intensities in two conditions, where attention was either directed towards the light stimuli, or away from them by a concurrent auditory task. Forty subjects were classified as extraverts or introverts based on the Eysenck Personality Inventory. The results show that attention interacted significantly with extraversion. Introverts exhibited a narrower focus of attention, with higher amplitudes and amplitude-intensity functions when attending to the light flashes and lower when distracted. Extraverts showed smaller differences between conditions, indicating a more evenly distributed attention. Higher arousal in introverts is the probable cause of their narrower focus of attention. There were marked differences in the distribution of activity between vertex and occipital cortex. Introverts showed relatively stronger occipital responses and extraverts stronger vertex responses across all intensities and in both conditions. The predisposition for mainly perceptual responses to aversive stimuli in introverts, and for general alerting and motor preparatory responses in extraverts, are interpreted as supportive of Brebner & Cooper's hypothesis that introverts are "geared to inspect" and extraverts are "geared to respond".
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| 7. |
- Stenberg, Georg, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Extraversion and regional blood flow
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychophysiology, vol. 4, no. 1. ; , s. 66-
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Stenberg, Georg, 1947-, et al.
(författare)
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Regional patterns of cortical blood flow distinguish extraverts from introverts
- 1990
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Ingår i: Personality and Individual Differences. - 0191-8869 .- 1873-3549. ; 11:7, s. 663-673
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eysenck's hypothesis of higher cortical arousal in introverts was examined using regional cerebral blood flow measurement in 37 healthy subjects . The measurement was made at rest, using the133Xe-inhalation method. Estimates of gray matter flow were obtained for 32 brain regions. There was no significant evidence of personality differences in general arousal, as measured by the mean flow level, averaged over all regions. There were, however, regional differences. An overall test of the blood flow distribution indicated different patterns of activity in introverts and extraverts. Follow-up tests attributed this to higher flow in the temporal lobes for introverts than for extraverts. Higher temporal lobe activity in introverts may be interpreted as increased functional connections between cortex and the limbic system.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Edvardsson, Bo, 1944-
(författare)
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Frigörelsens dimensioner vid tunga psykosociala livsproblem
- 1990
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- På grundval av ett 15-tal rapporter konstateras att fem grupper av dimensioner verkar ha ett betydande stöd vad gäller individers frigörelse från tunga psykosociala livsproblem. Dessa dimensioner är - fysiska förhållanden - vilje- och tankeprocesser - verksamhetsrelationer - när-relationer - samhälleliga relationer Frigörelsens kärna verkar utgöras av en livstriangel med tre faktorer/krafter - egen vilja och egna beslut (JAG) - socialt stöd: att någon bryr sig (DU) - meningsfullt livsinnehåll (arbete, fritid) (MITT LIV) Konventionellt socialt arbete strider ofta mot en, två eller alla tre faktorerna i livstriangeln.
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