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Sökning: L773:0021 9150 > Högskolan Dalarna

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1.
  • Carlsson, Axel C, et al. (författare)
  • Levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 and 2, gender, and risk of myocardial infarction in Northern Sweden
  • 2018
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 272, s. 41-46
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor alpha (sTNFR1 and sTNFR2) have been associated with cardiovascular diseases, and some evidence points towards a difference in associated risk between men and women. We aimed to study the association between sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 and incident myocardial infarctions (MI) and to explore the influence of established cardiovascular risk factors in men and women.METHODS: We conducted a nested case control study in three large Swedish cohorts, including 533 myocardial infarction cases, and 1003 age-, sex- and cohort-matched controls. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated.RESULTS: An association between circulating sTNFR1 and sTNFR2 and an increased risk for MI was found when comparing cases and controls. The odds ratios were significant after adjustment for established cardiovascular risk factors and C-reactive protein in women (OR 1.44, 95% CI 1.08-1.93 for TNFR1, and 1.61, 95% CI 1.11-2.34 for TNFR2), but was abolished in men. Women with a combination of elevated CRP and values in the upper quartile of TNFR1 or TNFR2 had a 5-fold higher risk of myocardial infarction versus those with normal CRP and values in the lower three quartiles of TNFR1 or TNFR2.CONCLUSIONS: As the risk estimates for TNFR1 and TNFR2 were higher and remained significant after adjustments for established cardiovascular risk factors in women but not in men, a potential role for TNFR1 and TNFR2 in identifying women with a higher MI risk is possible. The future clinical role of TNFR1 and TNFR2 in combination with CRP to identify high risk patients for coronary heart disease has yet to be determined.
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2.
  • Carlsson, Axel C, et al. (författare)
  • Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) is associated with increased total mortality due to cancer and cardiovascular causes : findings from two community based cohorts of elderly
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 237:1, s. 236-242
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Experimental evidence support soluble receptors for tumor necrosis factor alpha as important mediators of the underlying pathology leading to cardiovascular disease and cancer. However, prospective data concerning the relation between circulating soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-1 (sTNFR1) and mortality in humans are lacking. We aimed to explore and validate the association between sTNFR1 and mortality, and to explore the influence of other established risk factors for mortality, including other inflammatory markers.METHODS: The association between serum sTNFR1and the risk for mortality was investigated in two community-based cohorts of elderly: the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS; women 50%, n = 1005, mean age 70 years, median follow-up 7.9 years) and the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM, n = 775, mean age 77 years, median follow-up 8.1 years).RESULTS: In total, 101 participants in PIVUS and 274 in ULSAM died during follow-up. In multivariable Cox regression models adjusted for inflammation, lifestyle and established cardiovascular risk factors, one standard deviation (SD) higher sTNFR1 was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) for mortality of 1.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.17-1.60, in PIVUS and HR 1.22, 95% CI 1.10-1.37 in ULSAM. Moreover, circulatingsTNFR1 was associated with cardiovascular mortality (HR per SD of sTNFR1, 1.24, 95% CI 1.07-1.44) and cancer mortality (HR per SD of sTNFR1, 1.32, 95% CI 1.11-1.57) in the ULSAM cohort. High levels of sTNFR1 identified individuals with increased risk of mortality among those with high as well as low levels of systemic inflammation.CONCLUSIONS: An association between circulating sTNFR1 and an increased risk for mortality was found and validated in two independent community-based cohorts. The future clinical role of sTNFR1 to identify high risk patients for adverse outcomes and mortality has yet to be determined.
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3.
  • Helmersson-Karlqvist, Johanna, et al. (författare)
  • Increased urinary cystatin C indicated higher risk of cardiovascular death in a community cohort
  • 2014
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 234:1, s. 108-113
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • OBJECTIVES: Urinary cystatin C (u-CysC) is a new biomarker for acute tubular kidney dysfunction and may also indicate chronic tubular dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease is an important cardiovascular risk factor, however it is not known if u-CysC is a risk marker for cardiovascular death.METHODS: The association between u-CysC and cardiovascular mortality was investigated in a Swedish community-based cohort of 604 men aged 78 years. During follow-up (mean 6.7 years), 203 participants died, of which 90 due to cardiovascular causes.RESULTS: High u-CysC (>0.029 mg/mmol Cr) was associated with a more than 2-fold risk of cardiovascular death (multivariable hazard ratio for quintile 5 vs. 1: 2.5, 95% CI 1.2-5.2, P < 0.05) in Cox regression models independent of cardiovascular risk factors, glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urinary Albumin. Participants with low eGFR (≤60 mL/min), albuminuria (≥3 mg/mmol Cr) and high u-CysC (>0.029 mg/mmol Cr) combined had a significantly higher cardiovascular mortality risk compared to participants with one or two of these biomarkers normal (hazard ratio 15, 95% CI: 6.7-36, P < 0.001, compared to all three biomarkers normal).CONCLUSIONS: This study is the first to show that increased concentrations of the tubular kidney biomarker u-CysC indicated risk of cardiovascular death independently of other cardiovascular risk factors, glomerular filtration and albuminuria. Additional research is needed to further establish the usefulness of u-CysC in clinical practice.
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4.
  • Helmersson-Karlqvist, Johanna, et al. (författare)
  • Urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is associated with mortality in a community-based cohort of older Swedish men
  • 2013
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 227:2, s. 408-413
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Objective: Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) indicates tubular kidney damage, neutrophil activation and possibly atherogenesis, however the prospective association between urinary NGAL (u-NGAL) and cardiovascular death in the community is not known.Methods: This study evaluates the association between urinary and serum NGAL and mortality in a Swedish population of 597 men aged 78 years. During the study (median follow-up 8.1 years) 261 men died, 90 of cardiovascular causes.Results: U-NGAL was associated with increased all-cause and cardiovascular mortality (HR 2.0 for quartile 4 vs. quartile 1, 95% CI 1.0-4.0, P < 0.05) in Cox regression models independently of cardiovascular risk factors, CRP and cystatin C estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR(CysC)) but not urinary Albumin (u-Alb). A combination of low eGFR(CysC) (<= 60 mL/min), high u-Alb (>= 3 mg/mmol Cr) and high u-NGAL (>= 1.19 mu g/mmol Cr) was associated with a 9-fold increased cardiovascular mortality (P < 0.001) and a 3-fold increased all-cause mortality (P < 0.001). Serum NGAL was associated with increased all-cause mortality risk independent of other cardiovascular risk factors (HR 1.4 for quartile 4 vs. 1, 95% CI 1.0-1.9, P < 0.05) but not after adjustment with CRP, eGFR(CysC) or u-Alb.Conclusion: This community study is the first to show that the tubular kidney biomarker u-NGAL associated with increased cardiovascular and all-cause mortality independent of cardiovascular risk factors and glomerular filtration. Additional research is needed to evaluate the utility of NGAL in clinical practice. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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5.
  • Lind, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Obesity is associated with coronary artery stenosis independently of metabolic risk factors : the population-based SCAPIS study
  • 2022
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 362, s. 1-10
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and aims: Previous studies reported divergent results on whether metabolically healthy obesity is associated with increased coronary artery calcium and carotid plaques. We investigated this in a cross-sectional fashion in a large, well-defined, middle-aged population using coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and carotid ultrasound. Methods: In the SCAPIS study (50–65 years, 51% female), CCTA and carotid artery ultrasound were performed in 23,674 individuals without clinical atherosclerotic disease. These subjects were divided into six groups according to BMI (normal weight, overweight, obese) and the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to the NCEP consensus criteria. Results: The severity of coronary artery stenosis was increased in individuals with obesity without MetS compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.34–1.62; p < 0.0001), even after adjusting for non-HDL-cholesterol and several lifestyle factors. Such difference was not observed for the presence of carotid artery plaques (OR 0.94, 95%CI 0.87–1.02; p = 0.11). Obese or overweight individuals without any MetS criteria (except the waist criterion) showed significantly more pronounced stenosis in the coronary arteries as compared to the normal-weight individuals, while one criterion was needed to show increased plaque prevalence in the carotid arteries. High blood pressure was the most important single criterion for increased atherosclerosis in this respect. Conclusions: Individuals with obesity without MetS showed increased severity of coronary artery stenosis, but no increased occurrence of carotid artery plaques compared to normal-weight individuals without MetS, further emphasizing that obesity is not a benign condition even in the absence of MetS.
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6.
  • Lind, Lars, et al. (författare)
  • Use of a proximity extension assay proteomics chip to discover new biomarkers for human atherosclerosis
  • 2015
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 242:1, s. 205-210
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • Background and aims: We used a proteomics array to simultaneously measure multiple proteins that have been suggested to be associated with atherosclerosis and related them to plaque prevalence in carotid arteries in a human population-based study. Methods: In the Prospective Study of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS; n = 931, 50% women, all aged 70 years), the number of carotid arteries with plaques was recorded by ultrasound. Levels of 82 proteins were assessed in plasma by a proximity extension assay (Proseek Multiplex CVD, Olink Bioscience, Uppsala, Sweden) and related to carotid measures in a regression framework. Results: Following adjustment for multiple testing with Bonferroni correction, seven of the proteins were significantly related to the number of carotid arteries affected by plaques in sex-adjusted models (osteoprotegrin, T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain (TIM)-1, growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15), matrix metalloprotease-12 (MMP-12), renin, tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 (TNFSF14) and growth hormone). Of these, renin (odds ratio [OR], 1.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.13-1.49 per standard deviation increase), growth hormone (OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.08-1.43), osteoprotegerin (OR, 1.22; 95% CI, 1.05-1.43) and TNFSF14 (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.01-1.35) were related to plaque prevalence independently of each other and traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: A novel targeted proteomics approach using the proximity extension technique discovered several new associations of candidate proteins with carotid artery plaque prevalence in a large human sample.
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7.
  • Nerpin, Elisabet, et al. (författare)
  • Association between glomerular filtration rate and endothelial function in an elderly community cohort
  • 2012
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 224:1, s. 242-246
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Endothelial dysfunction is prevalent among individuals with chronic kidney disease. However, the association between glomerular filtration rate and endothelial function in the community is unclear and needs to be investigated in the general population.METHODS: In the community-based Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature of Uppsala Seniors study (PIVUS, n = 952, mean age 70, women 49.3%), we investigated cross-sectional associations between estimated cystatin C-based glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and 3 measures representing different aspects of endothelial function (endothelial-dependent vasodilation [EDV], endothelial independent vasodilatation [EIDV], and flow-mediated dilatation [FMD]). We also performed pre-specified sub-group analyses in participants with normal eGFR (>60 ml/min/1.73 m(2)).RESULTS: In the whole cohort, 10 ml/min/1.73 m(2) higher eGFR was associated with 3% higher EDV (p = 0.001) and 2% higher EIDV (p = 0.007), adjusted for age and sex. The associations were attenuated and no longer statistically significant after adjusting for established cardiovascular risk factors. In participants with eGFR >60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), 10 ml higher eGFR was associated with 2% higher EDV (p = 0.04) after adjusting for sex and age. eGFR was not associated to FMD in any model or sub-sample.CONCLUSION: This community-based study suggests that eGFR is associated with endothelial function also in persons with normal kidney function, but that this association is largely explained by confounding by established cardiovascular risk factors. Thus, our data do not support the notion of a direct causal interplay between renal and vascular function prior to the development of CKD.
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8.
  • Rudholm Feldreich, Tobias, et al. (författare)
  • The association between serum cathepsin L and mortality in older adults
  • 2016
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 37, s. 1283-1283
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Research suggests that the protease cathepsin L is causally involved in atherosclerosis. However, data on cathepsin L as a risk marker are lacking. Therefore, we investigated associations between circulating cathepsin L and cardiovascular mortality.METHODS: Two independent community-based cohorts were used: Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM); n = 776; mean age 77 years; baseline 1997-2001; 185 cardiovascular deaths during 9.7 years follow-up, and Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS); n = 993; 50% women; mean age 70 years; baseline 2001-2004; 42 cardiovascular deaths during 10.0 years follow-up.RESULTS: Higher serum cathepsin L was associated with an increased risk for cardiovascular mortality in age- and sex-adjusted models in both cohorts (ULSAM: hazard ratio (HR) for 1-standard deviation (SD) increase, 1.17 [95% CI, 1.01-1.34], p = 0.032 PIVUS: HR 1.35 [95% CI, 1.07-1.72], p = 0.013). When merging the cohorts, these associations were independent of inflammatory markers and cardiovascular risk factors, but non-significant adjusting for kidney function. Individuals with a combination of elevated cathepsin L and increased inflammation, kidney dysfunction, or prevalent cardiovascular disease had a markedly increased risk, while no increased risk was associated with elevated cathepsin L, in the absence of these disease states.CONCLUSIONS: An association between higher serum cathepsin L and increased risk of cardiovascular mortality was found in two independent cohorts. Impaired kidney function appears to be an important moderator or mediator of these associations. Further studies are needed to delineate the underlying mechanisms and to evaluate whether the measurement of cathepsin L might have clinical utility.
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9.
  • Ruge, Toralph, et al. (författare)
  • Circulating endostatin as a risk factor for cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease : A CLARICOR trial sub-study
  • 2019
  • Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 284, s. 202-208
  • Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
    • BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Raised levels of serum endostatin, a biologically active fragment of collagen XVIII, have been observed in patients with ischemic heart disease but association with incident cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease is uncertain.METHODS: The CLARICOR-trial is a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of stable coronary heart disease patients evaluating 14-day treatment with clarithromycin. The primary outcome was a composite of acute myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, cerebrovascular disease or all-cause mortality. In the present sub-study using 10-year follow-up data, we investigated associations between serum endostatin at entry (randomization) and the composite outcome and its components during follow-up. The placebo group was used as discovery sample (1204 events, n = 1998) and the clarithromycin-treated group as replication sample (1220 events, n = 1979).RESULTS: In Cox regression models adjusting for cardiovascular risk factors, glomerular filtration rate, and current pharmacological treatment, higher serum endostatin was associated with an increased risk of the composite outcome in the discovery sample (hazard ratio per standard deviation increase 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.19, p = 0.004), but slightly weaker and not statistically significant in the replication sample (hazard ratio 1.06, 95% CI 1.00-1.14, p = 0.06). In contrast, strong and consistent associations were found between endostatin and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in all multivariable models and sub-samples. Addition of endostatin to a model with established cardiovascular risk factors provided no substantial improvement of risk prediction (<1%).CONCLUSIONS: Raised levels of serum endostatin might be associated with cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease. The clinical utility of endostatin measurements remains to be established.
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