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- Duffy, Stephen W., et al.
(författare)
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Mammography screening reduces rates of advanced and fatal breast cancers : Results in 549,091 women
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 126:13, s. 2971-2979
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: It is of paramount importance to evaluate the impact of participation in organized mammography service screening independently from changes in breast cancer treatment. This can be done by measuring the incidence of fatal breast cancer, which is based on the date of diagnosis and not on the date of death.Methods: Among 549,091 women, covering approximately 30% of the Swedish screening‐eligible population, the authors calculated the incidence rates of 2473 breast cancers that were fatal within 10 years after diagnosis and the incidence rates of 9737 advanced breast cancers. Data regarding each breast cancer diagnosis and the cause and date of death of each breast cancer case were gathered from national Swedish registries. Tumor characteristics were collected from regional cancer centers. Aggregated data concerning invitation and participation were provided by Sectra Medical Systems AB. Incidence rates were analyzed using Poisson regression.Results: Women who participated in mammography screening had a statistically significant 41% reduction in their risk of dying of breast cancer within 10 years (relative risk, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.51‐0.68 [P < .001]) and a 25% reduction in the rate of advanced breast cancers (relative risk, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.66‐0.84 [P < .001]).Conclusions: Substantial reductions in the incidence rate of breast cancers that were fatal within 10 years after diagnosis and in the advanced breast cancer rate were found in this contemporaneous comparison of women participating versus those not participating in screening. These benefits appeared to be independent of recent changes in treatment regimens.
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- Häggstrom, Christel, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective Study on Metabolic Factors and Risk of Prostate Cancer
- 2012
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 1097-0142 .- 0008-543X. ; 118:24, s. 6199-6206
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There are inconsistent data regarding the association between metabolic factors, separately and combined, and the risk of prostate cancer and death from prostate cancer. METHODS: In the Metabolic Syndrome and Cancer Project (Me-Can), data on body mass index (BMI); blood pressure; and blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were collected for 289,866 men. Cox proportional hazard models were used to calculate relative risks (RRs) by exposures in quintiles as well as for z scores (with a mean of 0 and a standard deviation of 1) together with a composite sum of scores to assess the combined effect of metabolic factors. RRs were corrected for random errors in measurement. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 12 years, 6673 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer and 961 died of the disease. Men with high levels of glucose and triglycerides were found to have a decreased risk of prostate cancer: top versus bottom quintile of glucose: RR, 0.82 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.62-1.08; P value for trend = .03) and top versus bottom quintile of triglycerides: RR, 0.88 (95% CI, 0.74-1.04; P value for trend = .001). High BMI, elevated blood pressure, and a high composite z score were found to be associated with an increased risk of death from prostate cancer: top versus bottom quintile of BMI: RR, 1.36 (95% CI, 1.08-1.71); systolic blood pressure: RR, 1.62 (95% CI, 1.07-2.45); and per 1-unit increase of the composite z score: RR, 1.13 (95% CI, 1.03-1.25). CONCLUSIONS: The authors found no evidence of an association between high levels of metabolic factors and the risk of prostate cancer, but high BMI, elevated blood pressure, and a composite score of all metabolic factors were associated with an increased risk of death from prostate cancer. Cancer 2012;118:6199-206. (C) 2012 American Cancer Society.
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- Numan Hellquist, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of population-based service screening with mammography for women ages 40 to 49 years : evaluation of the Swedish Mammography Screening in Young Women (SCRY) cohort
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 117:4, s. 714-722
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The effectiveness of mammography screening for women ages 40 to 49 years still is questioned, and few studies of the effectiveness of service screening for this age group have been conducted.METHODS: Breast cancer mortality was compared between women who were invited to service screening at ages 40 to 49 years (study group) and women in the same age group who were not invited during 1986 to 2005 (control group). Together, these women comprise the Mammography Screening of Young Women (SCRY) cohort, which includes all Swedish counties. A prescreening period was defined to facilitate a comparison of mortality in the absence of screening. The outcome measure was refined mortality, ie, breast cancer death for women who were diagnosed during follow-up at ages 40 to 49 years. Relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.RESULTS: There was no significant difference in breast cancer mortality during the prescreening period. During the study period, there were 803 breast cancer deaths in the study group (7.3 million person-years) and 1238 breast cancer deaths in the control group (8.8 million person-years). The average follow-up was 16 years. The estimated RR for women who were invited to screening was 0.74 (95% CI, 0.66-0.83), and the RR for women who attended screening was 0.71 (95% CI, 0.62-0.80).CONCLUSIONS: In this comprehensive study, mammography screening for women ages 40 to 49 years was efficient for reducing breast cancer mortality.
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- Numan Hellquist, Barbro, et al.
(författare)
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Effectiveness of population-based service screening with mammography for women ages 40 to 49 years with a high or low risk of breast cancer : socioeconomic status, parity, and age at birth of first child
- 2015
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 121:2, s. 251-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Invitation to mammography screening of women aged 40 to 49 years is a matter of debate in many countries and a cost-effective alternative in countries without screening among women aged 40 to 49 years could be inviting those at higher risk. The relative effectiveness of mammography screening was estimated for subgroups based on the breast cancer risk factors parity, age at time of birth of first child, and socioeconomic status (SES).METHODS: The SCReening of Young Women (SCRY) database consists of all women aged 40 to 49 years in Sweden between 1986 and 2005 and was split into a study and control group. The study group consisted of women residing in areas in which women aged 40 to 49 years were invited to screening and the control group of women in areas in which women aged 40 to 49 years were not invited to screening. Rate ratio (RR) estimates were calculated for 2 exposures: invitation and attendance.RESULTS: There were striking similarities noted in the RR pattern for women invited to and attending screening and no statistically significant difference or trend in the RR was noted by risk group. The RR estimates increased by increasing parity for parity of 0 to 2 and ranged from 0.55 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.38-0.79) to 0.79 (95% CI, 0.65-0.95) for attending women. The RR for women with high SES was lower than that for women with low SES (RR, 0.72 [95% CI, 0.60-0.86] and RR, 0.79 [95% CI, 0.63-0.99], respectively). For women aged 20 to 24 years at the time of the birth of their first child, the RR was 0.73 (95% CI, 0.58-0.91) and estimates for other ages were similar.CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference noted in the relative effectiveness of mammography screening by parity, age at the time of birth of the first child, or SES. Cancer 2014.
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- Stocks, Tanja, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic factors and risk of colorectal cancer in the metabolic syndrome and cancer project (Me-Can)
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0008-543X .- 1097-0142. ; 117:11, s. 2398-2407
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background The metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to an increased risk of colorectal cancer in some small studies, but it is unknown which factors in the MetS that are most strongly related to risk, and if there is an interaction between factors. Methods and Findings In the Metabolic syndrome and Cancer project (Me-Can), data on body mass index (BMI), blood pressure, and blood levels of glucose, cholesterol, and triglycerides were available in 289,866 men and 288,834 women. Mean age at baseline was 44.0 years and mean follow-up time was 12.0 years. During follow-up, 2,834 men and 1,861 women were diagnosed with colorectal cancer. We used Cox regression models to calculate relative risk (RR) of colorectal cancer by exposures transformed into Z scores (mean = 0, standard deviation = 1), and for a MetS Z score, and used regression calibration to correct exposure levels for random error in measurement. Significant increases in risk per one unit increment of factors were observed in men for BMI, RR 1.07 (95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.13), blood pressure, RR 1.10 (1.02-1.18), and triglycerides, RR 1.17 (1.06-1.28), and in women for BMI, RR 1.08 (1.01-1.15). The RR of colorectal cancer per one unit increment of the MetS Z score was 1.24 (1.18-1.31) in men, and 1.14 (1.06-1.22) in women. There was no significant positive interaction for any combination of two metabolic factors. Associations between metabolic factors and risk of fatal colorectal cancer were similar to those for incident cancer. Conclusions Our data add further evidence for an association between factors in the MetS, in single and combined, and risk of colorectal cancer. Our data do not support an interaction between factors in the MetS on risk.
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